Study of The Status of The Most Important Egyptian Agricultural Exports in World Markets

Some Egyptian crops have comparative advantages and competitive in foreign markets but is facing many difficulties to increase export capacity is some competition in multiple countries, uneven export prices, intense competition in foreign markets. Which affects the yield achieved, which calls for maintaining the traditional markets and expanding and trying to open new markets. In spite of the competitive advantage of the clear each of potatoes, onions and oranges, but the industry export Egyptian them face many obstacles and intense competition that will reduce the chances of spread in the global markets, and must overcome these obstacles in order to increase Egyptian exports and thereby increase market share. Therefore targeted research to identify the position of Egyptian exports of three agricultural crops are potatoes, onions, oranges, making it necessary to know the market share and competitive position and comparative advantage of these crops, as well as the penetration rate of various foreign markets. The research was based on statistical data from published and unpublished, and to have been assembled from bulletins Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics data as well as the Food and Agriculture Organization via its international information network (Internet).
The research was based on the descriptive methods of economic analysis and quantitative such as averages and rates of growth and regression analysis to estimate the direction equations calendar year, as the research relied on some economic indicators to see the competitive situation of the crops under study.
It was evident from the results of the study:
Despite an increase in the production of potatoes, but that the amount of exports fluctuated between highs and lows during the study period 1998- 2010, while the export price has been shown a significant annual decline, the same result for each of the oranges and onions.
Study the geographical distribution of Egyptian exports of potato crop turned out to be the most important importer of potato Egypt is on the order of Greece, Germany, Italy, Lebanon, Russia, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, representing those countries together about 88.5% of the total amount of exports of Egyptian potatoes during the same period. As for the onion crop has been shown that Saudi Arabia is the most important importer of Egyptian onions as they imported about 50.51% of the total amount of Egypt's exports of onions during the period 1998-2010, followed by Russia, Kuwait, Lebanon, Syria, Greece, United Kingdom United, Jordan, Italy, Netherlands, UAE, Oman, representing about 40.43% of the total exports of onions during the study period. For the orange crop has been shown that the main importing countries are Saudi Arabia, followed by Russia, Iran, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, the Netherlands, Oman, Sudan, Kuwait, where he reached the relative importance of the quantity of exports to these countries about 80.36% of the total exports of oranges Egyptian during the study period. Iran entered the market in importing Egyptian oranges in 2006, recording a slim volume about 3.45 tons and then increased the quantities exported to it until I was about 76.13 thousand tons in 2010, which means increasing foreign trade with Iran during the period 2006-2010, as all income of the UAE market and the Sudanese market in the field of importing Egyptian oranges in 2001, 2002, and increased quantity exported to the UAE from 20.07 tons to about 45.9 thousand tons, also increased the quantity exported to Sudan from about 61 tons to about 24.02 tons in 2010.
Studying the market share of Egyptian exports of potatoes for the main importing countries during the years 1998, 2010 turned out to increase the share of the total Egyptian potato imports of the crop in all of Germany, Italy, Netherlands, United Kingdom. It also shows a decline in the market share of Egyptian potatoes in Greece, Lebanon, from about 40.1%, 72.01% in 1998 to about 14.95%, 1.55%, which requires a review of the reasons that led to the decrease in the volume of exports to those countries, especially the Lebanese market, as well as work to increase exports to countries with large market size, such as the Dutch market, the Russian market. By studying the market share for exports of onions during the same period show higher market share for onions inside Egypt all of Greece, Kuwait, Lebanon, the Netherlands, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom, suggesting that the Arab market is considered the most important market for onions Egyptian which requires focus especially in light of the magnitude of markets such as the UAE market at the same time not neglecting other traditional markets such as the Italian market, which dropped its market share of about 16.77% in 1998 to about 4.96% in 2010. As for the crop of oranges has been shown that market share for orange Egypt has risen in most export markets during 2010 declined, while in Saudi Arabia, it turns out that the Iranian market despite the recent imported from Egypt, which began in 2006, but it relied on the orange Egypt in the provision of About 44.19% of the crop and wanted in 2010, also entered the UAE importer of Egyptian oranges in 2001 and increasing the share of Egyptian oranges from the market to reach about 27.08% in 2010.
Through the study of the export price of Egyptian potatoes in 2010, shows that Egypt has a comparative advantage in the export price in each of the markets of Germany, Lebanon, United Kingdom. While Egypt did not enjoy a comparative advantage in the export price in the markets of Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Russia. For the onions to study the export price Egypt for export price nations competition which each from Belgium, France, Germany, Spain, Turkey, in 2010, found that Egypt has a comparative advantage in the export price in the markets, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, while Egypt did not have that feature in all of Greece, Russia. The crop of oranges has been shown that the most important countries compete for Egypt to export all of the Italian, Australia, China, France, Israel, Morocco, South Africa, Spain, United States of America in 2010, also show that Egypt has a comparative advantage in the export price in the Saudi market only, while Egypt did not enjoy that privilege in the Netherlands, Oman, Russia, the United Kingdom.