Document Type : Original Article
Author
Department of Botany (Organic Agriculture), Agricultural Faculty,Damietta University, Egypt
Abstract
This present aimed to convert chicken manure and kitchen wastes into vermicompost, which riches not only in macro (N, P, K) and micro (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn) nutrients, but also phytohormones, antibiotics, different beneficial microbes and enzymes by red wiggler (Eisenia fetida). As well as use vermicompost at two levels (high = 6.5 and low= 3.5 t/fed.) with 3, 4 times and without of vermitea soil irrigated to increase the yield and quality of eggplant “cv. Black beauty” and may be a suitable replacement for chemical fertilizers. Each treatment had 3 replicates with 27 plants (9 plants/ plot) and RCBD were statistical analyzed. Effect of the treatments on the vegetation parameters, total yield and fruit quality of eggplant were determined. Investigation results cleared that, the application of high rate (6.5t/fed.) of vermicast + organic liquid (vermitea) 4 times as a soil drench lead to significantly increased on vegetative parameters e.g. plant height (157.67 cm. /plant), no. leaves/plant (141.6), no. of branches (9/plant), leaf area index (0.28), total cholorophyll (48.3 SPAD in leaves), no. of flowers (4.67/plant), no. of fruits/plant (4.67), fruit length and diameter (14.53 and 24.5 cm., respectively) and shoot dry weight (1511.2 g/plant) as an average of both sites compared to control plant. Quality nutritional status of eggplant fruits and green shoots biomass by using the high rate of vermicast (6.5t/fed.) + Vermitea (4 times) as an organic liquid on soil drenches (T1) more than other treatments. Significant increases in N (1.68), P (0.39) and K (3.45 mg/g) uptake of shoots, as an average of both sites at T1, but the lowest significant means were (0.88, 0.21 and 1.81 mg/g) of NPK uptake in shoots in the treated plants with R100% of NPK chemical fertilizers. T1 = high rate (6.5t/fed.) of vermicompost + fourth soil drench of vermitea gave the highest values in the chemical components of fruits. Significant increases of the percentage of N (3.5), P (0.40), K (2.1) and the highest significant amount of anthocyanin was 516.7 mg/g in fruits by treated plants with T1. Although, the lowest significant means were (1.8, 0.21 and 1.4 %) of fruits at T7 (=the recommended doses of NPK chemical fertilizers). As well as, this article revealed that, the high concentrations of vermicast and vermitea must be for improving plant health, protection growth and provides the optimum eggplant production.
Keywords
Main Subjects
)
View on SCiNiTO