Biochemical Changes and Residues of Silver in Onion Plants Infected with Sclerotium Cepivorum and Treated with Green Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by Neem Extract and Trichoderma reesei Compared with some Fungicides.
Sclerotium cepivorum poses is danger disease to onion production, leading to considerable yield and financial losses. This study examined the effectiveness of bio-synthesized silver nanoparticles synthesized using Trichoderma reesei (T. reesei Ag-NPs) and Neem extract (Neem_Ag-NPs). It also evaluated the associated biochemical changes, including enzyme activities, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and protein content. The results showed that treatment with T. reesei Ag-NPs or Neem Ag-NPs reduced disease incidence and increased both fresh and dry weight, along with higher levels of phenolic compounds compared to the control. Moreover, the activities of peroxidase (PO), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and chitinase were elevated in treated plants relative to the untreated control. The effect of (Ag-NPs) synthesized by Neem extract and T. reesei on PAGE of protein-infected onion plants with the white rot pathogen under greenhouse conditions revealed that onion bulbs contain 12 protein bands with molecular weights ranging from 122 to 11 kDa. The data indicates that all bands have appeared only in plants treated with T. reesei Ag-NPs. However, the band with 120 kDa was absent from all treatments except T. reesei Ag-NPs and control. In contrast, the 18 kDa band was absent from plants treated with Flumid 24% and control. The increased intensity of the induced protein was found in T. reesei Ag-NPs and Flumid 24% treated plants. Amounts of silver nanoparticles were identified with minimal residue in onion bulbs below permissible levels.
Aboelmagd, H., A. Mahdy, H., & G. Hassan, N. (2025). Biochemical Changes and Residues of Silver in Onion Plants Infected with Sclerotium Cepivorum and Treated with Green Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by Neem Extract and Trichoderma reesei Compared with some Fungicides.. Alexandria Science Exchange Journal, 46(2), 433-445. doi: 10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2025.434622
MLA
Heba Elewa Aboelmagd; Hala A. Mahdy; Naeema G. Hassan. "Biochemical Changes and Residues of Silver in Onion Plants Infected with Sclerotium Cepivorum and Treated with Green Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by Neem Extract and Trichoderma reesei Compared with some Fungicides.", Alexandria Science Exchange Journal, 46, 2, 2025, 433-445. doi: 10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2025.434622
HARVARD
Aboelmagd, H., A. Mahdy, H., G. Hassan, N. (2025). 'Biochemical Changes and Residues of Silver in Onion Plants Infected with Sclerotium Cepivorum and Treated with Green Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by Neem Extract and Trichoderma reesei Compared with some Fungicides.', Alexandria Science Exchange Journal, 46(2), pp. 433-445. doi: 10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2025.434622
VANCOUVER
Aboelmagd, H., A. Mahdy, H., G. Hassan, N. Biochemical Changes and Residues of Silver in Onion Plants Infected with Sclerotium Cepivorum and Treated with Green Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by Neem Extract and Trichoderma reesei Compared with some Fungicides.. Alexandria Science Exchange Journal, 2025; 46(2): 433-445. doi: 10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2025.434622
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