Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Cotton Pesticides Evaluation Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, El-Sabhia, P.O. Box 21616, Alexandria, Egypt
2
Cotton Pesticides Evaluation Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, El-Sabhia, Alexandria 21616, Egypt
3
Cotton Pesticides Evaluation Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, El-Sabhia, Alexandria 21616, Egypt.
Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) is an invasive deleterious pest that causes huge economic losses to various crops, especially maize worldwide. Therefore, the insecticidal and antifeedant activities of lemongrass, Cymbopogon citratus, and peppermint, Mentha piperita essential oils (EOs) against the third larval instar of S. frugiperda were tested under laboratory conditions to find safer alternative approaches to managing S. frugiperda. The impact of sublethal concentrations (LC10 & LC30) of tested EOs on the biological parameters and the activities of detoxifying enzymes of S. frugiperda were also evaluated. Their chemical composition was identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The major compounds in C. citratus EO were d-limonene (45.06%), β-citral (10.30%), and α-citral (9.90%); whereas, in M. piperita EO were menthol (32.03%), menthone (30.18%), and p-menthan-3-one (11.53%). Bioassay results revealed that C. citratus (LC50= 725.2 mg/L) exhibited more toxicity on S. frugiperda larvae than M. piperita (LC50= 1024.2 mg/L) after 48 h of exposure. Both EOs revealed remarkable antifeedant effects, with the feeding deterrence index ranging from 30.67-43.06% against S. frugiperda. Sublethal concentrations of the tested EOs resulted in prolonged larval and pupal durations, reduced pupal weight of females and males, and decreased pupation and adult emergence percentages, compared to the control. The activities of carboxylesterases and glutathione S-transferase enzymes in S. frugiperda were dramatically suppressed, compared to the control, with dose-dependent effects. These results suggest that M. piperita and C. citratus EOs may be used to manage S. frugiperda.
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