Evaluation of Some Olive Genotypes Cultivated in Iraq using Molecular Markers

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Plant production, Faculty of Agriculture, Saba-Bacha, Alexandria University

2 Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

3 Department of Plant production, Faculty of Agriculture, Saba-Bacha, Alexandria University.

4 Department of Plant production, Faculty of Agriculture,Saba-Bacha, Alexandria University.

Abstract

The olive tree belonged to family Oleaceae is an ancient woody crop with more than 46,000 years of cultural history, and is mainly distributed around the Mediterranean area. Molecular markers have become increasingly important in plant molecular biology in its relationship to plant breeding, plant systematic and plant evolution. Eight olive cultivars grown in Iraq with 18 RAPD and 8 SSR markers have been developed during current study. The number of amplification fragments differed from cultivar to the other one with RAPD markers. The highest number was recorded to cultivar Manzenllo by 157 fragments followed by cultivars Qaysi and Labeeb by the same number 138 fragments. Also, cultivar Qaysi and Nepali showed the same amplification fragments (132 fragments) followed by cultivars Khdier and Sorani by 126 and 129 fragments, in respect. The lowest cultivar was Shami by 114 fragments. The data indicated that from 1068 amplification fragments there were 28 unique fragments were recorded to cultivars Labeeb (7 unique fragments), Shami and Manzenllo (5), Shami (3 unique fragments), Sorani and Nepali (2 unique fragments) and finally Dahkan (1 unique fragments). While for the eight microsatellites (SSR) a total of 136 specific amplification fragments were detected among the cultivars, 71 fragments were polymorphic and 65 were monomorphic. Form the previous data we can concluded that based on the RAPD and SSR markers it could be helpful for calculate the genetic diversity between the eight-olive growing in Iraq.

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