An Economic Study of Wheat Production in The Old and New Lands in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate

Income estimates are among the important indicators that assist the state in  planning and setting agricultural and economic policies to develop this sector, which will be reflected in the increase of the national product. And the import problems that the state faces to bridge the deficit. On the other hand, the research aims mainly at an economic study of the wheat crop in the old and new lands of Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate. In achieving its objectives, the research relied on the use of descriptive and quantitative analysis and cost functions. The curve encapsulation of the data and the Farrell and search method were based on the raw data of a stratified random sample collected during the 2020/2021 productive season using a personal interview questionnaire of 45 farmers evenly distributed over the old. And new lands in the Hamoul Center in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, as well as on the published and unpublished data issued by the Ministry of Irrigation and Water Resources, the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, and the data of the Central Agency for Public Affairs. Mobilization and statistics, in addition to the use of some studies and research related to the subject of the research                                                                                                                          The most important search results were as follows:
The optimal volume of production that achieves production  capacity in the old and new lands was estimated at about 27.26 and 18.52 ardibs, equivalent to about 1.50 and 1.32 feddans. By estimating the profit-maximizing product by equating marginal costs with marginal revenues in the old and new lands, it was found to be about 83.50 and 35.70 tons, respectively, which are equivalent to about 4.64 and 2.55 acres, respectively. And by estimating the elasticity of supply for the old and new lands, it turned out to be less than the correct supply, that is, the supply is inelastic, and this indicates that the best policy to increase wheat production is to reduce production costs, By estimating the technological efficiency in the old and new lands, it was about 0.852 and 0.953, respectively, and by studying the price efficiency in the old and new lands, it was about 0.830 and 0.855, respectively. As for the economic efficiency in the old and new lands, it amounted to about 0.707 and 0.815, respectively. As for the capacity efficiency in the old and new lands, they were about 0.894 and 0.988 for each, respectively.