Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Nematology Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
2
Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
Crude ethanolic extracts of dried rhizomes of Alpinia officinarum and leaves of Laurus nobilis and Solenostemma argel at the concentrations 100, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm significantly inhibited egg hatching of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita under laboratory conditions. The maximum inhibition (82.06%) was achieved by S. argel (1000 ppm), while the minimum one (29.11%) was recorded for L. nobilis (100 ppm). The probit analysis of all tested plant extracts revealed that the inhibitory concentration of egg hatching by 50% (IC50) was 238.4, 346.2 and 141.8 ppm for A. officinarum, L. nobilis and S. argel, respectively. Thus, extract of S. argel was the best one in inhibiting egg hatching, followed by extracts of A. officinarum and L. nobilis, respectively. The possible application of all tested plant extracts at the concentrations 500 and 1000 ppm as soil drenching following nematode inoculation, comparing to the nematicide Carbofuran 10% in controlling M. incognita on tomatoes cv. Marmande was studied under greenhouse conditions. All plant extracts and Carbofuran significantly reduced nematode infection as compared to the nematode check plants. Extract of S. argel (1000 ppm) achieved the highest reduction in numbers of root galls (80.6%), egg masses (91.0%) and reproduction factor of nematode, Rf (91.4%), while extract of L. nobilis (500 ppm) gave the lowest ones (59.1, 79.6 and 77.8% in galls, egg masses and Rf, respectively). Plant growth criteria of tomatoes were significantly increased as influenced by the application of plant extracts as compared to the nematode check plants, where extract of L. nobilis provided the highest increase (90.1 - 100%), followed by extracts of A. officinarum (37.5 - 65.8%) and S. argel (39.0 - 46.1%). Extract of S. argel recorded a high relative nematicidal efficacy to Carbofuran 10% ranged from 81.6 - 112.7%, followed by extracts of A. officinarum (68.4 - 84.8%) and L. nobilis (48.2 - 62.7%).
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