Genetic Parameters for Some F1 Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Crosses

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

National Wheat Res. Dept.; Field Crops Res. Institute, ARC, Egypt

Abstract

A one-way diallel cross among five common wheat genotypes were evaluated in F1 at Etay El-Baroud Agricultural Research Station during 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 seasons to study some genetical parameters. Mean squares of genotypes were highly significant for all characters in F1. Parents vs crosses mean squares, as an indication to average heterosis overall crosses, were found to be highly significant for number of spikes/ plant, number of grains/spike and 1000-kernel weight. (GCA) and (SCA) mean squares were highly significant for all studied traits. Also, GCA/SCA variance ratio were found to be greater than unity for all traits except grain yield /plant. The additive variance (D) was significant for all studied traits except number of kernels/ spike and grain yield/ plant. Dominance components of variation (H1) and the dominance effects associated with gene distribution (H2) were highly significant and greater than (D), for all characters. The overall dominance effects of heterozygous (h2) were significant for number of spikes/plant and number of kernels/ spike. The covariance of additive and dominance (F) was significant for heading and maturity dates. (H1/D) ½ showed the presence of overdominance for most traits. Low heritability narrow sense values were detected for all characters. Therefore, selection would be more effective in postponed to the advanced generations.

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