Delayed Effects of Some Plant Extracts on Some Biological Aspects of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae)

Document Type : Original Article

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King Abdul-Aziz University, P.O.Box 19516, Jeddah, 21445 Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

The present study was conducted to evaluate  the effects of LC50 concentrations of ethanolic plant extracts, Artemisia herba alba (Compositae), Matricharia chamomilla(Compositae), and Melia azedarach(Meliacae), which were 1.807, 0.505, and 1.035 mg/L, respectively (after 24 h exposure), on  the 3rd larval instar of Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). Delaying effect of the LC50 were followed up on the life cycle of the insect. The results showed that the concentration used led to a prolongation of the 3rd  larval stage as: 23.20± 1.009 and 23.10±1.006 days for each treated group of A. herba alba and M. chamomilla, respectively, while those  treated with M. azedarach complate larval stage after 26.3 ± 1.004 days, the untreated larvae  10.78±0.25 days ,and affected proportions entering the pupal stage and developing to pupal stage 20% and 26.6% compared to the control ( 86.49%). It had an impact on female longevity, where females lived longer than males, as well as on sex ratios, with more males than females. These results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of these extracts to influence the life cycle of this insect. Plant extracts apparrentally acted as a growth regulation and suppressed the develping of  the Cx.quinquefasciatus thereby impeding the natural growth of the insect and reducing its damage.

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