The Role of Chemical Fertilizers and their Importance in Egyptian Agriculture (Case Study in Assiut Governorate)

The research discusses the inadequacy of the quantities of chemical fertilizers, especially Nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers supplied to the Ministry of Agriculture by factories produced to meet the needs of agriculture despite the existence of a surplus in production from these factories, Therefore, the research aims to study the development of chemical fertilizers in Egypt, sources of access to chemical fertilizers, study the relative importance of costs and statistical estimate of the production countries and costs for wheat and maize crops, study the Psychometric analysis to show the impact of chemical fertilizers, and study the problems and solutions proposed for them. The research hlghlighted many results, the most important of which is that the amount of Nitrogen fertilizers issued by the Agricultural Society represents 55.3% of the wheat crop , while representing 36.3% of the maize crop of the total amount needed by the two crops. The study of the relative importance of costs shows that chemical fertilizers came in fourth place where they represent 7.3% of the total costs, while they came in second place for the maize crop where it represents 17.4%, The study also found that one of the most important factors affecting wheat production is the number of workers, the amount of seeds, pesticides dissolved in water, effective nitrogen units, and effective phosphate units, as by increasing these factors by 10%, production increases by 3.63%, 0.0. 95%, 0.02%, 0.99%, 0.02% respectively, while the maize crop had machine labor, human work, effective nitrogen units, effective phosphate units, and municipal fertilizers With an increase of 10%, production increased by 0.82%, 2.29%, 0.53%, 0.02%, 0.04% respectively during the 2020/2021 agricultural season in Assiut Province. The psychometric analysis study also showed that the impact of chemical fertilizers on the two crops of the study showed that the productive, export, importive, administrative and distribution aspects are the most influential on the two study crops, The study of the problems suffered by farmers also found two problems: the lack of the quota prescribed by the Agricultural Society and the disbursement of nitrogen fertilizers from the scheduled time by the Agricultural Association came in the first place, and from the study of the most important solutions proposed shows that the disbursement of fertilizers in the right quantity and price is one of the most important solutions and came in the first place, and therefore one of the most important recommendations of research is giving more attention to productive aspects, the most important of which is the providing of azote fertilizers at the right time and at the right price.