Economic Re-Allocation for the Use of Nitrogenous Fertilizers in Egyptian Agriculture

Nitrogenous fertilizers are of great importance in increasing agricultural production, but the excessive use of them beyond optimal quantities leads to environmental pollution of soil, groundwater, plants and humans, which contradicts the state's tendency to preserve the environment from pollution risks and reduce emissions, In addition to the increase in production costs, a significant and clear increase, especially in light of the escalation of the problem of not providing fertilizer needs at the level of Egyptian agriculture, whether because the industry did not meet those needs or because the industry wanted to increase its exports abroad.
The objectives of the research were to study (1) production and consumption indicators and indicators of foreign trade of nitrogenous fertilizers, (2) production of nitrogenous fertilizers according to the producing companies, (3) factors determining the demand for nitrogenous fertilizers, (4) parameters and indicators of the actual crop composition and the most important resources used in its production Primarily nitrogenous fertilizers and water resources, (5) a proposal for a crop composition that was successful in minimizing the nitrogen fertilizer needs in an attempt to reduce the quantities used of those fertilizers in Egyptian agriculture.
The study of the determinants of the demand for nitrogenous fertilizers showed a significant effect of the production of nitrogenous fertilizers, as the elasticity was estimated at about 0.76 and indicated that an increase in production by 10% leads to an increase in the demand for nitrogen fertilizers by 7.6% and vice versa. Nitrogenous fertilizers, where the elasticity was estimated at -0.85 and indicates that the increase in prices by 10% leads to a decrease in demand for them by 8,5%, which indicates that the demand for nitrogenous fertilizers is inelastic demand and this is due to the fact that they are necessary for agricultural production, so they can be reduced, but by a percentage It does not affect the production of agricultural crops.
It was also found that the most appropriate crop composition according to the minimum nitrogen fertilizer needs achieved its goal, as it achieved a saving in the use of nitrogenous fertilizers estimated at about 44,000 tons, a decrease of 4.5% compared to the nitrogen fertilizers used in its actual counterpart, and achieved savings in the use of phosphorous fertilizers estimated at about 8 ,6 thousand tons, with a decrease of about 2.7% from the phosphate fertilizers used in the actual crop composition, and a slight savings in the use of potassium fertilizers amounted to about 1.78 thousand tons.
It was also found that the net return of the most appropriate cropping installation was estimated at about 79.73 billion pounds, an increase of about 90 million pounds, with an increase of about 0.11% over its actual counterpart. It also achieved savings in water resources estimated at about 3.3 billion m 3, which decreased by a decrease It amounted to about 8% of the actual counterpart. The number of working days used for the proposed cropping installation was estimated at about 776 million working days, a decrease of about 35 million working days (95 thousand workers), with a decrease of about 4.2% compared to its actual counterpart.