Effect of the Economic Policy on the Investments in the Egyptian Agricultural Sector

Investments are considered one of the most important means of implementing sustainable economic development programs in Egypt, especially in the agricultural sector. Agricultural investments are the primary tool for achieving agricultural development in Egypt. The Egyptian agricultural sector represents one of the main pillars on which the national economic structure is based, hence the state was established in early 2015. To developing investment laws with the aim of increasing their contribution to economic development.
It also carried out many agricultural economic policies, but we are facing an existing problem, which is the low and low percentage of agricultural investments in relation to total investments, which is reflected in the gross domestic product, and the research aims to study the current situation of agricultural investments in particular in light of the economic policies pursued by the state during the period (2000 - 2020) and find ways to amend the directions of the Egyptian agricultural investment policy towards increasing the contribution of agricultural investments to achieving real sustainable development in the agricultural sector, as well as studying the efficiency of agricultural investments on the growth rates of the agricultural sector in Egypt.
The results of the research indicated that agricultural investments in the public sector have taken a general decreasing trend at a statistically significant annual rate of about 171.4 million pounds, representing about 4.34% of the average agricultural investment in the public sector, which amounted to about 3945.5 million pounds during the period (2000). -2020), agricultural investments in the private sector have also taken a general, increasing trend at a statistically significant annual rate of about 35.36 million pennies, representing about 0.42% of the average agricultural investment in the private sector, which amounted to about 8513.4 million pounds during this period. It became clear that the most influential factor in private agricultural investments in Egypt during the period (2000-2020) is the interest rate on agricultural loans, where a 1% decrease in the interest rate leads to an increase in private agricultural investments by 0.824%, and it has been shown that about 66.8% of the changes In private agricultural investments, it is due to the interest rate on agricultural loans, and that the value of agricultural savings, the exchange rate of the pound in dollars, and the interest rate on agricultural loans explain about 67.2% of the changes in private agricultural investments.
The results of measuring the efficiency of investment in the Egyptian agricultural sector during the period (2000-2020) using some criteria that are used to measure the efficiency of investment also showed the inefficiency of agricultural investments in the public sector throughout the years of the research period, as the value of the rate of public agricultural investments to the gross domestic product in the sector The agricultural year is more than the correct one in all the years of that period, and the return on these investments was better than its counterpart in the agricultural public sector