Social Stability of Graduats in the New Land in Kafr Elsheikh Governorate: A Comparative Study between Males and Females

The research aimed mainly to identify lavels of social stability of male and female graduates, to test the differences between males and femals on six indicators of social stability, identify the reasons which motivate males and femals settle in the new land, to identify the relationship between certain independent variables and social, as well as to identify the most important  problems facing males and famales in new communities.    
The research was conducted in three villages selected randomly from the new land in KafrelSheikh governorate, these are; Khalid bin Alwaleed, Alzhraa, and Alfyrooz. Arandom sample of 215 respondents representing 20% of research population was drawn.
      Data were collected by using personal interviewing questionnaire Frequencies, percentage, T test, simple correlation coefficient of Pearson, and Chi-square test were used in data analyses.
The most important results were as follows:
1- There were significant differences between males and females in favor of males with regard to participation in matters concerning the local community, adhering with the new community,length of stay, and the overall social stability, while there are no significant differences between the two categories with regard to the rest of the indicators.
2– Males have higher stability scores than females.
3- The variables of housing condition, family ownership of agricultural land in the old community, and security had positive correlations with the social stability of male graduates. while the rest of the independent variables are not associated social stability of males.
4- The variables of aspiration, housing condition, neighborhood, effect security, and satisfaction with the old community have significant positive correlation social stability of females, while the rest of the independent variables are not associated social stability of females.
5 - The reasons that prompted the two categories of graduates to be owners of the reclaimed land and residence in these new communities are: lack of employment opportunities in old communities, un employment, to raise standards of living, to improve the income, and the desire to own agricultural land.
6 - The most important problems facing more than 75 % of  male graduates are: difficulty of marketing of agricultural crops, lack of sanitation, lack of recreational places, poor educational services, and lack of schools, shortage of irrigation water, and the shortage of bread and poor quality.
7 - The most important problems facing more than 75 % of female graduates are: the lack of security, difficulty of marketing of agricultural crops, rising prices of production inputs, shortage of irrigation water, nonexistence an ambulance or fire's car, and the pollution's of drinking water.