Social and Cultural Impedimentsto Integrating Bedouincommunities into The Local Community South Sinai Governorate

The main aims of the study are; to distinguish the characteristics of the respondents in the study area, to identify the most important social and cultural impediments that hinder the process of social integration, to determine the degree of social integration of Bedouin communities in the study area, to identify the relationship between the characteristics of the respondents and the degree of social integration in the study area, and toidentify the most important suggestion to improve the social integration of the respondents in the study area.
Data were collected through personal interviews using a questionnaire form prepared for this study, from a sample consists of (100) families from Bedouin communities (Ras Sidr– AlTor - and Saint Catherine). The Bedouin guides have helped the researcher in specifying the number and locations of Bedouin families in these communities to choose a regular random sample.
Descriptive statistical methods; frequency and percentages were used. The simple Pearson correlation coefficient was also used to identify the nature of the potential correlation between the degree of integration of the respondents and the variables of the study. The study was concluded with a set of recommendations and suggestions to raise the level of Bedouinsintegration.
The most important results show that half of the respondents fall into the age group (35 to less than 50 years), and more than half of the respondents (86%) are married and subsist.It was found that 78% of the respondents have an average standard of living,one third of the sample(37%) work in tourism.Less than a third of the respondents (27%) have preparatory education, about half of the sample (53%) have littleinformal participation in society, and 71% of the respondents have a strong tribal affiliation.
The social impediments are high for about 56%, while 27% are medium and low to 17%. The mean is 25.0300, and the standard deviation is 7.444. These results indicate the sample’s dissatisfaction with the current situation. This is due to the lack of services, whether educational, health, electricity, water, drainage, as well as the difficulty of the roads to reach these gatherings. Also, the Bedouins feel injustice by the state. The cultural impediments are high for about 53%, while 34% are medium and low to 13%. The mean is 41.4700, and the standard deviation is 12.556.
This demonstrates the strength of adhering to ancient traditions in Bedouin communities than in urban societies. As the Bedouins cling to the ancient and the heritage and are proud of it. Nearly half of the Bedouin (48%) had a weak integration degree, 33% have an average degree and 19% strong. The mean is 17.3700, and the standard deviation is 10.1619.
This shows that the degree of integration of Bedouin communities into the local community is weak. This confirms the existence of social and cultural obstacles that hinder the integration of these communities, as well as the lack of confidence in the executive local. There is an inverse relationship at the level of 0.01 between the level of social integration and the following variables: age, degree of tribal affiliation, social and culturalbarriers.
The values ​​of the simple correlation coefficient are respectively, -0.699**, -0.522**, -0.708**, -0.578**. The presence of eight variables that contribute of 62.1% in explaining the total degree of social integration. These variables are: social obstacles, which contribute by 36.1% in explaining the total variance, cultural obstacles contribute by 18.3%, the degree of satisfaction with services contribute by 6.2%, the societalparticipation contributes by 5.7%, the acquisition of projects contributes by 4.5%, the educational level contributes by 2.2%, the income contributes by 1.5%, and comes in the last order the practical status, which contributes by 1.2%.
Therespondentsput many suggestions to facethe social and cultural obstacles that limit their integration into the local community. These suggestions are the establishingof the basic infrastructure, facilities and vital services for Bedouin communities. They ask to solving the problem of legalization for Bedouin homes, the existence of development projects suitable for the nature of their cultural heritage, in addition to paying attention to health and educational services in Bedouin communities.