2024-03-29T08:21:49Z
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=6935
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Application of Encapsulation to Improve Viability of Bifidobacterium Bifidum DSM20082 in Zabady Containing some Herbs
Sobhey M.S.
Ghaly
Nabil M.
Safwat
Hamid M.
Ziena
Abeer M.
Abd -Elhamid
Eman T. A.
Yousef
The objective of this research is to incorporate microencapsulated Bifidobacterium bifidum DSM20082 in zabady. This fermented dairy products containing 2% cold or hot water extracted clove and cinnamon , in order to study the different effects of these extracts on chemical , microbiological , rheological and organoleptic properties of zabady during storage at 6 ± 2.0°C for 15 days. Extrusion technique was used to produce microencapsulated Bifidobacterium bifidum DSM20082 using three different carrier material (1.0 % k-carrageenan , 0.05 % xanthan gum and 2.0 % gelatin) in the presence of 2% sodium alginate and 0.5% inulin as a prebiotic source . The results showed that the addition of 2% cold or hot water cinnamon and clove extracts resulted in better compactness of viability of Bifidobacterium bifidum DSM20082 ( free or encapsulated ). Which increased significantly bacterial counts compared to control ( 0%) but viable counts of Bifidobacterium bifidum DSM20082 were slightly decreased at 10% compared to control (0%) . The titratable acidity of the examined treatments of zabady increased during the storage period with simultaneous decreasing trend of the pH values. Total viability of Bifidobacterium bifidum DSM20082 was higher in zabady samples containing cold extract of clove and cinnamon, and encapsulated cells showed better viability in comparison with non encapsulated. Coliform bacteria were not detected till the end of storage period in all treatments. Viable counts of Streptococcus thermophiles and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus declined approximately ( 1.3 - 1.8 log10 cfu/g ) after 15 days of storage period, but in all treatments viable cells remained above (106 cfu /g). Regarding organoleptically and instrumentally evaluated textural attributes, significant differences were observed among all zabady treatments. The total scores of organoleptic properties slightly decreased in all treatments. The treatment (x4) containing encapsulated Bifidobacterium bifidum DSM20082 with 0.05% xanthan gum and 2% cold water extract of cinnamon had the highest total scores point 95.81 (after 5 days) and 92.49 (after 15 days) of storage period.
zabady
bifidobacterium bifidum
Cinnamon
clove
2019
09
30
391
405
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_44625_12307b65c4cb3cb41a9643305c34fc2c.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Using Fennel Seeds and their Oil as a Preservative and Functional Food to Produce Some Food and Drink Products to Alleviate Cough Symptoms
Jehan I.
Saber
Dalia H.
Eshra
Fennel seeds and their aromatic oil contain ingredients which are biologically active with high nutritional value, as well as their antimicrobial and fungal effects and alleviation of some disease symptoms. The aim of this research was to determine the chemical properties of fennel seeds, their aromatic oil, effect on the growth of microbes and alleviation of respiratory disease symptoms such as cough and sore throat. Drinks of fennel seeds and their aromatic oil were prepared with different ratios and used to treat a group of individuals suffering from cough and compare them with the control group. In addition, biscuits containing different ratios of fennel seeds and their aromatic oil were prepared. The results of this study showed that fennel seeds contained a high percentage of protein, Crude fiber, carbohydrates and minerals. The results also showed that fennel seeds and its aromatic oils contained substances, which had an effect in relieving cough and sore throat. Methanolic extract from fennel seeds had antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. This study also showed that biscuits containing fennel seeds and its aromatic oil could be stored for longer periods than biscuits without fennel seeds and its aromatic oil. No change in sensory properties or microbial growth during storage was observed. Therefore, we can use it as a natural preservative. In addition, biscuits prepared containing the different percentages of fennel seeds and their aromatic oil were accepted by the panelists when they were stored. Its sensory properties were well maintained. The results also showed that drink of fennel seeds and their oil had an effective effect in the treatment of cough.
Fennel
foods products
Antibacterial activity
fennel oil aromatic
2019
09
30
406
414
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_44629_4475eed808db17d8d207ca5001409b66.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Detection of Milk Clotting Enzyme Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Fermented Food
Mohamed
Ahmad
Zaiton
Hassan
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are known to produce extracellular enzymes that could be exploited for use in the dairy industry. Two LABs isolated from fermented foods (paste shrimp) were evaluated for extracellular proteinase production, milk clotting activity (MCA) and proteolytic activity (PA). The two isolates were identified by (API 50CHL) as Pediococcus acidilactici SH, and Lactobacillus paracasei CF1. These LABs showed proteolytic activity using skim milk agar as indicated by the visible clear zones developed in skim milk agar. P. acidilactici SH showed highMCA 50 SU/ml with PA 1.9 U/ml while L. paracasei CF1 showed MCA 44 SU/ml) with PA 3.5 U/ml using trypticase peptone as a nitrogen source in enzyme production media. MCA was not observed when the LABs were grown in MRS broth. This study indicates the possibility of exploiting LAB from food sources for the production of milk-clotting enzymes for dairy production.
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are known to produce extracellular enzymes that could be exploited for use in the dairy industry. Two LABs isolated from fermented foods (paste shrimp) were evaluated for extracellular proteinase production
milk clotting activity (MCA) and proteolytic activity (PA). The two isolates were identified by (API 50CHL) as Pediococcus acidilactici SH
and Lactobacillus paracasei CF1. These LABs showed proteolytic activity using skim milk agar as indicated by the visible clear zones developed in skim milk agar. P. acidilactici SH showed high MCA 50 SU/ml with PA 1.9 U/ml while L. paracasei CF1 show
Lactobacillus paracasei
Pediococcus acidilactici
Milk clotting enzyme
proteolytic activity
2019
08
01
415
418
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_46830_3b65e76a7a61341b17b8bf97a581f77f.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Sugar Beet Yield and Quality As Affected by Growth Regulators, Mineral and Bio-Fertilization in Nubaria Region
Gomaa
Abd El-aziz
Essam
Kandil
Hassan
Yousif
Two field experiments were carried out at Nubaria Region during 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons, to study the effect of mineral, biofertilizer and growth regulators on sugar beet plant var Kowemira. Two field experiments were conducted at a split plot design in three replications, where the main plots were assigned to growth regulators (water, Gibberellin, Kainten, Indole acetic acid=IAA), while the mineral and biofertilizer treatments were distributed at random with the sub plots i.e., (100% mineral-N (T1), 75% mineral- N + Cerealine(T2), 75% mineral N + Nitrobine(T3), 50% mineral N + Cerealine + Nitrobine (T4)). The results showed that there was significant effect of growth regulators, combination mineral and biofertilizer and their interaction. The results demonstrated that using growth regulators (IAA or Kainten) as foliar application with combination with 50% mineral fertilizer and biofertilizers (Cerealine and Nitrobine) or 75% mineral fertilizer with biofertilizer (Nitrobine) achieved the highest yield, yield components and quality of sugar beet crop.
Sugar beet
growth regulators
Mineral
biofertilizer
yield
2019
08
01
419
426
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_46963_ee6c7fe8e5431088d71c46dbfb24a163.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Evaluation of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Cultivation Using Different Organic Substrates
Aisha M.
Elattar
Shimaa
Hassan
Sherin F. A.
Awd-Allah
Mushrooms can be considered as functional foods that can provide health benefits beyond the conventional supplements they contain. In the current study, oyster mushroom was grown using various agricultural wastes, including wheat straw (WS), rice straw (RS), saw dust (SD) and water hyacinth (WH), either single or mixed with wheat straw (RS+WS, SD+WS and WH+WS) at a ratio of 1:1 (w/w), in order to determine their significance on growth, composition and consumer acceptance. The experiments were conducted during the winter season (September to December and January to April) 2017/2018 at Agricultural Research Center, El-Sabahia, Alexandria governorate, Egypt. The results revealed that, combinations of (RS+WS) and RS alone produced the highest mushroom yield from the harvesting periods (7600 g and 6650 g, respectively). For freeze-dried powder, both chemical and nutritional values were examined, comparing between treatments mentioned above. The product grown on a mixture of (RS+WS) had the highest yield score. It showed to be a rich source of protein, minerals and fibres. It could be approved that oyster mushroom developed on blend of RS and WS is nutritious as well as a rich source in natural-pharmaceutical-type products. In this study, an attempt to recognize the alternative or mixture of substrates from various agricultural wastes and to evaluate the yield and quality of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) were studied. Using the best mushroom extract as prebiotic in fermented dairy products is recommended as trend that could contribute to innovative functional foods.
Agriculture wastes
biochemical tests
oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus)
yield
2019
08
01
427
440
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_49370_67cdda51ebe2ddc7d411e7574257aae6.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Monitoring Irrigation Water Pollution of Nile Delta of Egypt with Heavy Metals
Saad
Abdelrazek
The present work attempts to study the distribution of heavy metals in some drainage and canals located in Northern part of Egypt. Eight metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Co and Ni) were determined in water. Metals concentrations in water varied between in different years and were, Fe (0.18 -117.11), Mn (0.01 -58.98), Zn (0.01 -90.56 ), Cu (0.005 -65.70), Pb (0.016 -36.64), Cd (0.000 -14.69), Co(0.002-89.72), Ni (0.019 -73.22) mg/l respectively. Concentrations of heavy metals in water are compared with many guidelines to predict status of water pollution (Guideline for water irrigation agricultural FAO, 2017 and Specifications of fresh water, according to Law 48 of 1982 ,Article 60 of the Regulations). The results showed that all canals in this study are considered as sources of worst water for irrigation, and also all drains and mixed canals are considered above division of increasing salinity problems of irrigation water. Finally, the main drains are considered highly saline for irrigation and classified as salinity problems, So causing adverse impact on soil properties and productivity. The concentrations of heavy metals, pH and salinity are pollutants in all canals, and are still above the critical limits and could not be used for irrigation. This study recommends effective implementation of laws and regulations, removal of encroachments and buildings on the canal's borders and waterways, Nile River ,raise awareness and Provide the necessary resources to separate the waste of human activity from the biological and non-biological systems (biotic and a biotic).
Irrigation water pollution
Heavy metals
Legislative approaches in Egypt
North Egypt
2019
08
01
441
450
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_50350_62d62e3c368680fbe6ae2e3ae8e4ca23.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Magnetically Treated Brackish Water New Approach for Mitigation Salinity Stress on Sunflower Productivity and Soil Properties under South Sinai Region, Egypt
Mahmoud
Mahmoud
Sahar M.
Ismail
Amany
Abd El-Monem
Mohamed
Darwish
Application of low quality irrigation water is compulsive in facing water scarcity. Magnetized water is an attractive approach to overcome this challenge as considered eco-friendly physical pretreatment of brackish water. The objectives of this study are to: i) Investigate and compare the effect of two different magnetic intensities for treating brackish water to alleviate water and soil salinity stresses on sunflower growth, yield production under constructed gated pipe and drip irrigation systems, and ii) Determine the changes in soil properties due to the application the magnetically treated brackish water in Ras-Sedr, South Sinai Governorate. The study was conducted at the Agricultural Experimental Station of Desert Research Centre, Research Station of Ras-Sedr region, Egypt. Two magnetized-brackish water (BW1; with magnet gauss strength of 1200 and BW2; with magnet gauss strength of 3850) and untreated brackish water were applied under gated pipe and drip irrigation systems. The two tested factors were laid out in split-plot design with three replications where the two irrigation systems and the three irrigation water-treatments were allocated in main and sub-plots, respectively. The results showed that concentration of soil soluble cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and Na+) and anions (Cl-, HCO3- and SO42-) at soil depths of 0–30, 30–60 cm was decreased when the soil treated by magnetized water compared to control and more decreasing occurred with higher magnetic strength. Also, the results showed that, the soil concentrations of available N, P, K as well as CEC, SAR, CaCO3, bulk density and available micro-element contents in the magnetized-water treated soil were lower than those with non-magnetized irrigation water treatment at the two depths. Soil surface samples were investigated using Energy Dispersive X-ray spectral (EDX (and Scan electron microscope (SEM) images and specific surface area (SSA) analysis to identify the particular elements and their relation proportion for soil aggregations. Magnetized water treated-soil gave higher soil aggregations than control. Irrigation of sunflower plants with magnetically treated brackish-water under gated or drip irrigation systems led to improved Chlorophyll concentrations, accumulated dry matter in plant organs and macro-element contents in leaves at 60 DAS. The changes of dry weight in stem and leaf and plant height were significant (LSD0.05). Seed and oil yield (%) also were improved significantly compared to the irrigation with BW under both irrigation systems. Average N, K and Ca contents in sunflower leaves increased with magnetized-BW2 treatment under the both irrigation systems compared to those in BW1 and control treatments. Plant height and plant seed and oil yields were significantly increased with both magnetized water treatments.It can be conclude that the irrigation with magnetized water could be a promising technique in the agriculture with soil and water under salt stress conditions using gated pipe or drip irrigation systems.
magnetized water
brackish water
Drip irrigation
gated irrigation
Sunflower
soil characteristics
Ras-Sidr
seed and oil production
2019
08
01
451
470
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_50351_23494ca4346a0cb8a8bd5d4ef8f34594.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Minimizing Hazards of Heavy Metals in Vegetable Farms using Phytoremediation Technique
Sherine
Shehata
Sahar
Ismail
Alaa
Zaghloul
Two techniques were applied in this work to minimize the hazards of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in three contaminated soils namely; chemical remediation represented by rock phosphate (PR) with phosphate dissolving bacteria (PDB), Montmorillonite modified clay mineral (MCM) and mixture of both chemical remediated materials, and intercropping technique represented by Radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) and Turnip (Brassica rapa). The selected soils suffered from different sources of pollution and varied types of heavy metals emitted to the agricultural ecosystem. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants as an important economic agricultural crop in the studied region were taken in this work as an indicator to evaluate the applied techniques to remediate heavy metals pollution in soils textured from sandy clay loam to clay. The obtained results imply all techniques significantly decreased the concentration of Pb, Cd, Ni, Zn and Cu in the soils, however, chemical remediation technique especially the mixture between the two treatments (T3) were more effective in decreasing the hazards of pollutants in the studied soils. Different mechanisms between both used techniques and heavy metals were discussed.
Phytoextraction
Heavy metals
Intercropping
Tomato
Radish
turnip
2019
08
01
471
486
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_50352_115884046f5cbb2a688e01a7f596e3a3.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Redistribution and Desorption Kinetics of Some Heavy Metals in Biosolids Treated Soils Amended with Water Treatment Residual Nanoparticles
Mohamed L.
Moharem
The study was designed to demonstrate the effect of water treatment residual naoparticles amendments for 0.3% biosolids treated calcareous and sandy soils on Cu, Pb, and Ni fractions change and release during 60 days incubation period; included five wetting drying cycles regime. The redistribution of studied metals fractions for control soil (0%WTR) depended on soil and metal type. There was a pronounced decrease in metal-residual fraction at the end of the incubation period (60 days); while other fractions were occupied with these residual fraction- released metals. Application ofnWTR to both soils substantially reduced the non-residual fractions (NORS) of Cu and Ni and simultaneously increased residual (RS) both metals fractions. Furthermore,both Pb-oxides and RS fractions were increased as a result of nWTR addition. The metals forms transformation for nWTR amended soils as the incubation time prolonged from 30 to 60 days was studied. The Cu-forms transformation remained relatively unalteredwith slightly increase of RS Cu versus decrease of exchangeable and carbonate Cu. With respect to Pb and Ni, residual fraction was increased significantly and this increase was arisen from either the decrease of all fractions of Ni- NORS or Pb-organic fraction. The amount of desorbed Cu, Pb, and Ni from both soils using DTPA extraction was significantly decreased after application of nWTR within the five wetting drying cycles. All the kinetic data were well expressed using both intraparticle diffusion and Elovich models due to the high coefficient of determination (R2) and low standard error (SE) values. The final results indicate the ability of nWTR to reduce heavy metals mobility in biosolid treated calcareous and sandy soils.
Biosolid
water treatment residual naoparticles
incubation period
fractionation
desorption kinetic
2019
09
30
487
501
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_52032_f54b6bcc085c54089132432f42c02372.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Effect of Organic Phosphorus on Pre-Harvest and Post-Harvest Traits of Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum) Grown Under Field Conditions
Muhammad
Yasir
Anum
Khalid
Muhammad
Musa Khan
Muhammad
Sajid
The study was designed to assess the effect of organic phosphorus on the growth, yield and post-harvest fruit traits of tomato. Plants were fertilized with five levels of fertilizers (containing 20% organic mineralized P2O5, 30% decomposed organic matter and 2% organic nitrogen) with the rate of 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg ha-1 accompanied with a control. Results showed that Maximum survival percentage, No. of picking/plot, fruit weight, plant height, number of branches, maximum yield was also obtained from the plots treated with 60 kg ha-1 fertilizer. Plots with 60kg ha-1 of organic phosphorus required less days to produce 50% flowering and 50% fruit setting. Fruit maturity duration and No. of defective fruits were also minimum in the plots where fertilizer were applied with the rate of 60 kg ha-1. Results of post-harvest analysis of fruits also revealed that different levels of organic phosphorus (organic phosphorus as a source) have no significant effect on fruit firmness but with the increase in storage time firmness decreases significantly. Total soluble solids were also reduced with the increased level of fertilizer, with the increase in storage time increased the total soluble solids in fruit. Ascorbic acid was found with higher concentrations in high levels of fertilizer which was reduced significantly with the passage of storage time. Fruit juice had maximum pH value in the control treatment which was significantly reduced with the increase of fertilizer level. However, pH started to increase when fruit was stored for more than 12 days. From the results it can be concluded that fertilization with 60 kg ha-1, tomato plant can response better during pre-harvest and post-harvest period.
ascorbic acid
Fruit firmness
Morphological traits
shelf life
total soluble solids
2019
09
30
502
510
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_52548_6850ef16b480f28961e7544690f6ecfd.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Comparative Susceptibility of Four Olive Cultivars For Infestation by The Olive Psyllid, Euphyllura straminae Longnova in Burg El-Arab Area, Alexandria, Egypt
Hassan
Mesbah
Khadiga
Mours
Saad
Masry
Magda
B. El-Kady
Nadia
Hassona
Yasmine
El-Motelb
The present study was carried out on four olive cultivars to determine the susceptibility of each cultivar for infestation by the cotton olive psyllid, Euphyllura straminae during three successive growing seasons (2014-2016) in the Experimental Farm of City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications), Burg El-Arab area. the obtained data revealed that tophahy cultivar is the most susceptible one to infestation with E. straminae, followed by the picual cultivar, while shemlali and kalamata were less susceptible to infestation with E. straminae. By estimating the effect of cardinal directions of the grown olive trees yard on average rate of infestation for each of four inspected cultivars; it was revealed that the highest infestation was detected for the grown tophahy cultivar in the Southern direction of the yard, followed by the grown picual trees in the Northern direction; then shemlali trees in the Southern direction; and the growing kalamata trees at the Eastern side of the plantation yard.
Olive (Olea eropaea L.)
Euphyllura straminae
susceptibility
cardinal directions
2019
09
30
511
516
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_52576_f95ae1da6979096940cc02fb0dbd192b.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Amelioration of Some Physical Properties of Saline Sodic Soil in El-Tina Plain- North Sinai Area
Hoda
A.Elia
The objective of this work was to investigate the influence of using each of rice straw (RS), agricultural gypsum requirements (AGR) and combination of them on improving soil physical and chemical properties. A sample of saline sodic, sandy clay loam soil, from the surface layer (0-30 cm) was taken from village 4 El-Tina plan, northern Sinai governorate – Egypt. A greenhouse experiment was conducted, during winter of 2018/2019, three rates of RS was used: 0.5, 1 and 1.5%, also 6.8, 8.2, and 10.2 ton.fed-1of AGR after calculating the AGR to reduce the ESP for the control sample to 50, 60, 75%, respectively. In addition to combine of 0.5 % RS + each of 6.8, 8.2 and 10.2 ton.fed-1 AGR, each treatment was mixed with soil 30 cm depth in pots. The soil was incubated for one month before cultivation, with Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea, L), in 1st December, 2018 as a guide crop. The amount of irrigation water was determined by weighting each pot to keep the moisture content at the field capacity of each treatment plus 15% as a leaching requirement of applied water. The obtained results indicated that, the adding (RS) or / and (AGR) led to increase the soil's ability to retain soil moisture content, porosity, water holding pore and H.C. Meanwhile, decreases soil bulk density, penetration resistance (PR), EC, ESP and pH in compared to control. The superior effect on improvement of these parameters was resulted in combine RS+AGR. Also effect of the treatments on these properties in 0-10 cm soil depth > 10-20 > 20-30 cm soil depth. The results revealed that the values of field capacity (FC), available water (AW), H.C, quickly drainable pores (QDP) and water holding pore (WHP) increased significantly by increasing the rate of RS and GR. Moreover, combine RS + each of 6.8, 8.2 and 10.2 ton.fed-1 AGR was increased highly significant effect on, FC , AW, H.C, QDP and WHP as compared to treated by RS, AGR alone or control. Also, it was decreased significantly on PR, bulk density and fine capillary pore. ESP valuesdecrease by leaching control was not considerable andthe soil remained sodic with highly ESP values. However, the final ESPobtained after leaching with amendments gave the highest decrease percent in ESP values by using combine 0.5% RS + each of 6.8, 8.2 and 10.2 ton. fed-1 AGR. Also, the fresh yield of Spinach was higher in soils receiving with increasing rates of AG amendment as compared to RS. The highest shoot spinach yield was, obtained by treatment by combine of 0.5% RS + each of 6.8, 8.2 and 10.2 ton. fed-1 AGR.
saline sodic soils
agricultural gypsum
soil physical and chemical properties
reclamation
rice straw compost
2019
09
30
517
533
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_52643_0e004d5ccaaa9be1418e59440404ba85.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Effect of Irrigation Methods and Nitrogen Application Rates on Yield and Yield Components of Onion (Allium Cepa L.) Grown under Russian Environmental Conditions
Ashraf E.
Elnamas
Field experiments were conducted to study the influence of three irrigation methods and nitrogen fertilization rates on yield and yield components of onion (Allium Cepa L., cv. Creole Red) grown under Russian environmental conditions during the growing seasons of 2012 and 2013. The three applied irrigation methods were the rain fed (RF), surface drip irrigation (SDI) and subsurface drip irrigation (SSDI) in which placement depths of drip laterals were 10 cm. Nitrogen fertilizer , as ammonium sulfate, was applied at three rates of 0 , 90 and 180 kg N.ha-1. The experiment was implemented in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Plant height, number of leaves/plant, Bulb dry matter, bulb diameter and bulb weight of onion (yield components) were measured and consequently crop yield and water use efficiency (WUE) were determined for all treatments. The obtained results indicated that surface drip irrigation or subsurface drip irrigation with 90 kg N/ha resulted in higher yield and yield components. The highest values of plant height, number of leaves/plant, and neck diameter were obtained by SDI + 90 kg N/ha treatment while the lowest values belonged to RF treatment with zero (0.0) rate of Nitrogen. The fresh crop yield was the highest (38.0 t ha-1) with SDI + 90 kg N/ha treatment, while RF treatment with 0.0 nitrogen produced the lowest value of crop yields (20.5 t. ha-1). The highest WUE (0.89 t. ha-1 cm-1) was obtained by the SDI + 90 kg N.ha-1 treatment while the lowest value of WUE was obtained through RF treatment with 0.0 nitrogen. It can be concluded that SDI + 90 kg N.ha-1 treatment was found to be the most effective irrigation method and nitrogen application rate in improving WUE and increasing the yield and yield components of onion grown under Russian environmental conditions.
surface drip irrigation
subsurface drip irrigation
water use efficiency
Onion yield
Nitrogen fertilization
2019
09
30
534
549
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_53810_8157f9ee68346997c148e8468c3cced8.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Effect of Bioactive Compounds of Avocado (Persea Americana) Fruit Powder on Hypercholesterolemic Rats: Biological and Biochemical Studies
Amal N. Z.
Nasef
Asmaa. H.
Ahmed
This study was conducted to show the effect of different concentrations of avocado powder on some biological and biochemical parameters of hypercholesterolemic rats. Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats weighing between (180 ± 20g B.Wt) were divided into two main groups . The first main group (6 rats) was fed on basal diet as (control negative group –ve), while the second main group (24 rats) was classified into four groups (6 rats each) was fed on 1.5 % cholesterol plus 10% sheep tail for 15 days to induce hypercholesterolemia. One of these group was considered (control positive group +ve) and the other groups were fed 10% ,15% and 25% avocado powder , respectively, for 28 days. The chemical composition and bioactive compounds of avocado fruit were determined. The biological parameters as (BWG, FER, and FI and weight of internal organs) determined and biochemical parameters as (lipid profile, liver function, kidney function) and histological examination of heart, liver and kidney were performed. The results indicated that there was a significant increase in lipid profile except HDL, liver function and kidney function in the control (+ve ) group . It can be noted that all treatments of avocado powder improved the previous parameters. The best treatment was observed in the group fed on 25% avocado powder.
Avocado- Hypercholesterolemic– biological
biochemical parameters- lipid profile- bioactive compounds
2019
09
30
550
559
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_53811_5faa3822857488dceff2d3b54756f052.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Economics Efficiency of Egyptian Agricultural Bank
Mahmoud A.
Al-Shafey
Mahmoud M.
El-adl
Mohamed A.
Fath Alla
Ahmed T.
Ghareeb
This study aims to compute the Economics efficiency by using Stochastic frontiers analysis (SFA). The study used balance sheet (2005-2016) and income statements. The input factors are current assets, total assets, investments and wages. the results showed that weakness managements throw the period (2005-2016). The economic efficiency was 22% only.
economic efficiency
Egyptian Agricultural Bank
Stochastic border analysis
2019
08
01
229
238
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_126938_0748f6f4f56d1ff796f8b5d0ca5c0938.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
The main objectiveof the research is to measure the effectiveness of the treatment of laboratory plaques used in the medical field by calcium silicate in improving the protection properties through the following procedures
Azza I.
Aly
Safia A.
Saroukh
Doaa A.
Komal
Nahla E.
Abd- Ellfttah
1- Study the physical, mechanical and chemical properties as well as the tissue structure of the platypus used in some medical specialties (surgery, teeth and children).
2- Studying the histological structure of the doctors' lattice (surgery, teeth and children).
3- Detection of the microbial load of used doctors before and after washing.
4 - treatment of medical pallets with calcium silicate.
5- Measuring the microbial load of calcium silicate treated before, after use and after washing.
The most important results:
1. The results of the analysis of the samples were 55% of the samples. There is no infection and bacterial bacteria. 45% of the samples have bacterial bacteria. 28% of the samples have Staphylococcus, 9% of the samples have Escherichiacoli and 8% of the samples have pathogenic bacteria Others were candida, klebsiella
2. After taking a swab of the infected doctors and analyzed by laboratory counting counting method, the results showed that the presence of staph bacteria in the sample was 1195 * 10
5
cfu / 2cm
2
and this ratio is large and pathogenic.
3. After washing the traditional method in the washing machine at a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius was the result 60 cfu / 2cm2 and this ratio is very simple and not considered a nurse
4. Washing the sample with calcium silicate and the sample was infected with staph. The result was 3.15 * 10
4
in the sixth tissue, 1 * 10
3
in the chilled tissue, that the chilled tissue retained more silicate residues and the proportion of bacterial pathogen less than the sixth after washing the treated tissue.
5. After the analysis of the tissue we find that the treatment of calcium silicate does not have any significant effect on the apparent change in the characteristics of the fabric and this is a feature of the use of resistance to bacteria
Medical petticoat
Materials resistant to microbial pollution
Protection Properties
2019
08
01
239
246
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_126939_58f8110303d2b24d94027dd305143234.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
The Desired Level and the Actual Level of Consumption of Agricultural Pesticides and Their Impact on the Environment in Egypt During the Period (1995-2016)
Abd El -Latif A.
El-kak
Shehata M.
Qassem
Saad Z.
Soliman
Yasser W. E.
El-Bakry
The study examined the estimate of the desired level and the actual level of consumption of agricultural pesticides and their impact on the environment in Egypt, where the desired or targeted level of consumption of pesticides, fungi, weeds and total in Egypt during the period 1995-2016 was estimated and the most important factors were identified Specific to the desired or target level, and to compare the desired level with the actual (current) level to determine the extent of the disparity between them, the desired level of local consumption of pesticides, fungi and weeds was estimated to be significantly lower than the actual level in each of them, which indicates that The presence of a great overuse of agricultural pesticides in the Egyptian agricultural sector, and the accompanying negative effects on the environment, human and animal as the study also addressed the impact of the consumption of agricultural pesticides on the environment in Egypt by explaining this effect on water, soil, crop production Vegetables, fruits, fish ,animal products, and human general health.
by reviewing the share of the acre planted in total consumption of agricultural pesticides during the period 1995-2016 to increase both globally and for Egypt, found that the average annual share of the acre planted in the total The consumption of agricultural pesticides reached about 0.3 kg worldwide during the period 1995-2016, while about 0.92 kg for Egypt during the same period, a very significant increase from the world average of about 302.23%, which clearly indicates a significant overconsumption Pesticides in Egyptian agriculture
2019
08
01
347
258
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_126940_b64a051b02bf6902d05bd2c0f836af3f.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Utilization of Why Milk in Preparation of Some Products High Nutritional Value Products
Khadija Nasr El-Din
Mohamed Mostafa
Naglaa Abdel Fattah Abdel
Haleem Hassan
Gehan Ibrahem
Saber
The results of the chemical analysis of whey showed the high content of protein, fiber, ash, minerals and the concentration of essential amino acids, as well as low carbohydrate and fat. While the amount of protein, moisture, ash, fiber and minerals in the samples produced and beverage were increased comparing the control samples, also observed the low percentage of carbohydrates and fats in the baking products comparing by the control sample.It was also noted that the bervage produced increased the amount of elements estimated in all samples and reduced the amount of carbohydrates and fats by increasing the percentage of replacement.
For the sensory properties of whey milk products were superior of the control samples in many properties for the arbitrators. This indicates that whey can be used to supplement and produce many foods with high nutritional and health value.
The main objective of the study was utilizated of whey milk in the preparation of some highly nutritional value foods, It chosen was a nomail sample of those who heard about milk straw from families residing in Alexandria governorate (50 households) as urban area, (50 households) as rural area. The research data were collected using a questionnaire. The questionnaire which included some social and economic characteristics of the research sample and their information on whey milk, nutritional value, health, production. The whey milk was used in the preparation of bakery products which including (cake, biscuit, pizza, tortillas) by replacing the liquid used with whey milk 100% and beverages with replacement percentages of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The chemical evaluation of whey milk and products in content of protein, fat, fiber, ash, carbohydrate and it’s of some minerals.
Results indicated a decrease in the percentage of female respondents who knew the nutritional and health importance of whey and also decreased the percentage of females who did not use milk straw in the preparation of food products.
: whey milk
nutritional value foods
Bakery products
beverages
Chemical analysis
sensory properties
2019
08
01
259
281
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_126941_e0a58d2b292eaab70836d512848969d9.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Effect of Locations and Seedbank Depth on the Germination and Differentiations of Weeds
Tayeab Farag
Hesian
Zahra Ashour hamad
Abdsalam
A study to investigate the seed bank weed densities at the Studied Six Locations [ EL- Goygab, Shahaat, EL – Faydia , EL-Baida , EL-Maraj and Solooqe ] due to the soil depth [ 0 – 5 ,5 – 10, 10 – 15 and 15 – 20cm from the soil surface]. Number of the grasses and broad leaved weeds in autumn 2016 by 3 samples from each Loation distribute in the woody sequare 0.5 m2 and with height of 2.5 cm and irrigated as needed. Seedlings of both weeds type recorded during January 2017 . The experiment analysied by split plot design with three replicates, Where Locations represent the main plots and the soil depeth the subplots. The results showed a significant difference in seedling densities regarding to the Locations, the greatest of grass weeds seedling number 19.32 was from EL-Baida and 33.32 of broad leaved weeds seedling from EL-Maraj meanwhile, the least Number (2.68 and 5.32) of grasses and broad leaved weeds seedlings respectively resulted at Shahaat. The depth 0 – 5 cm recorded the highly significant increase of seedlings count of both weeds type ,29.76 and 30.44 seedling per sample of grasses and broad leaved types, respectively, comparing ed with to the least from the depth 15 – 20 cm. The interaction of situations depth effect showed highly significant differences in both weed types, the highest density 49.32 of grass weeds resulted from 0 – 5 cm depth in EL-Baida and of broad leaved weeds 66.60 seedling in the same depth in EL-Maraj, However, to the least of both weed types in all locations 15 – 20 cm depth
weed densities
seed band depth
situation of seed
2019
08
01
282
285
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_126942_6773fb3bb312f98cbe8f1c8d210dae45.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Effect of Foliar Fertilizer NPK on Growth and Yield of Barley (Hordium vulgare L.) under Dry Farming System at EL-Gabal EL-Akhdar - Libya
Fatma A.
Faraj
A del. A.
Saleh
Idris. H.
Bubaker
A field experiment was carried out during the winter growing season of 2016 - 2017 to study the effect of complete foliar fertilizer CIFOUMIC (10:10:10 NPK). on growth, yield and yield components of barley (Hordeum vulgare) (variety. TESSA) under EL – Baida, AL Jabal AL –Akhdar conditions, Experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replication, three fertilizer treatments (complete foliar fertilizer, control (Conventional fertilizer recommendation) and foliar fertilizer + 50% Conventional fertilizer recommendation) were applied.
Fertilizer treatments showed a significant effect on most traits. Data showed that treatment with foliar fertilizer + 50% Conventional mineral fertilizer recommendation gave the highest value for all growth characteristics, the highest dry weight (2.74 g), flag leaf area (27.5 cm2), chlorophyll content of leaves (0.061 mg / g) and the highest average growth rate (2.70 g/ day) plant) haight (79.7 cm),number of spikes /m, (117.3), spike length, (7.00 cm), number of spikelets / spike, (52.3) grain, biological, Straw yields (1.298, 5:15. 3.85 t/ ha-1), respectively and 1000 grain weight (48.3 g)
foliar application
growth and yield components
Barley crop
2019
08
01
286
292
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_126943_a2a2d5c6d6796b7089e69042c154acc3.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Effect of seeding depth, kernel size on germination% and seedling differentiation of barley crop (Hordeum vulgare L)
Najah. S.
Ali
Idris.H.
Bubaker
A pot experiment was carried out in the winter season of 2016/2017, to study the effect of depth of seeding (3,6 and 9 cm) and kernel size (small, intermediate and large on germination percent and vigor, seedling characteristics including seedling length, root length ,seedling fresh weight and growth stages of seedling represented by days to unfolding of first, second and third leaf, in addition to leaf area and relative growth rate in barley cultivar Rihan-3. The experiment was laid out as factorial in randomized complete block design of three replicates. The results indicated a significant superiority of the 3 cm depth, compared to the other depths, in initiation of germination and the characteristics of seedlings where it gave the least number of days to emergence (6.78days), highest germination percentage (77.8%), seedling length and fresh weight (6.67 cm and 1.611 g, respectively), highest germination vigor (844) and highest relative growth rate (1.504 g/ day).The results also showed that large-sized kernels gave the highest values for germination percent (78.9 %), least time for differentiation of first, second and third leaves, longer seedling shoot and root lengths (13.33, 7.67 and 5.56 cm, respectively), heaviest seedling fresh weight (1.756 g) and seedling growth vigor (1051) in addition to highest values for relative growth rate (1.776 g/ day) and leaf area (192.5 mm2). Results showed the highest values with the use of the large size of the grains. Germinant %( 78.9) differentiation time 0f 1sd-2nd-3rd leaf ,relative growth rate (1.776 g /day) and seedling fresh weight(1.756g), and also length seedling and root (5.56, 7.67, 13.33 cm), and the leaf area (192.5 mm2).
seeding depth
kernel size of barley crop
2019
08
01
293
299
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_126944_6d7b8b933bc81f4f2f4f85ec43f46231.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
Factores Related to Adjustment Among Students in Alexandria University Dormatories
Samira. A
kandil
Laila.M.
El-khodary
Neven M..
hafez
Nesma.E.
Abd El Fattah
The main objective of this study was to study factors related to student's adjustment among a sample from Alexandria University dormatories.
The sample consisted of 119 male and 123 female students who were in the first and fourth level in college. Data were collected using questionnaire. It included: personal and family characteristics ,problems facing students, facilities and service offered, lonely feeling, family unity, self esteem, and student's adjustment.
Data were analyzed statistically. Result indicate that 16.1% of the sample had weak family unity, fair family unity was among 63.6% .
64.5% of the students had fair self esteem to wards them selves.level of adjustment was high among 13.6% and fair among 74.8% of the sample. 97.1 %of the students were satisfied about services offered.
2019
08
01
300
327
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_126945_e30863ae8c8c5d0c64c6ba430b7672c3.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2019
40
July-September
The Farmers' Awareness of The Irrigation Water Scarcity in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate
Hamza H.
Abdullah
Mona F.
Salama
Ahmed M. A.
Amer
This research was conducted in Kafr El-Sheikh governorate to identify the level of the respondents' awareness of the scarcity of irrigation water, as well as the effects of the scarcity of irrigation water from their point of view. Sidi Salem and El-Ryad districts were selected randomly to collecting data. Two villages were selected randomly from each district. The choice was made for the villages of Daoud El-Faki and Tedah in the district of Sidi Salem, the villages of al-Said Khalil and El-Amdan in the district of El-Ryad. A random sample of 198 respondents representing 10% of the total number of 1980 farmers. The data were collected using a questionnaire form by personal interview of the sample. The statistical methods used to data analysis and presentation of results were: frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation.
The main results should be as follows:
- A low level of awareness among respondents of the irrigation water scarcity, where 84% of the respondents show their level of awareness between low and medium.
- 83% of the respondents were aware of the problem of water shortage in Egypt, while it was found that more than half of the sample know that one of the reasons for the water scarcity problem are the stability of Egypt's share of Nile water since the 1950s, the farmers don’t follow crop rotations' systems, the absence of the extension role in raising awareness of the importance of irrigation water for farmers, farmers' careless about main canals maintenance, and misuse of agricultural drainage and recycling, while it was found that more than 60% of the respondents know how to overcome the problem of water scarcity through: the maintenance of irrigation canals, land leveling using the Laser technique, and expanding the cultivation of water-saving crops.
- The respondents identified 16 effects of the irrigation water scarcity, and the most important were: irregular rotation of irrigation schemes (64.6%), the decrease in the productivity of some crops (63.6%), the increase in the soil salinity (63.1%), low farm incomes due to low production and high costs of agriculture practices (60.1%), and irrigation with drainage water (56.6%).
2019
08
01
328
342
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_126946_91fd722f6f4acc461cfb090787fccb59.pdf