2024-03-29T12:40:25Z
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=558
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
General Characteristics and Storage Stability of Beef Burger Containing Citrus Wastes Mixture
Samia
A. Keshk
Amal
M.Abd El-Razek
Wafaa
A.Amin
The Effect of adding 2% mixture of (Raw, steamed and water blanched) dried free seeds citrus wastes on the chemical composition, storage stability at -18°C for 90 days, sensory properties and microbiological quality of beef burger patties were studied. Such addition caused a slight reduction in moisture and protein, a noticeable rise in carbohydrates, fat retention, WHC, pH and energetic value of beef burger patties. On the other side, frozen storage of such products led to rise in fat retention, WHC, pH, TBA values and a reduction in count of total viable, Psychrophilic, Enterobactereaceae and Coliform bacteria. The evaluation of sensorial attributes of beef burger patties free and containing 2% mixture of free seeds citrus wastes showed nearly closed acceptability before and after frozen storage. Addition of the formentioned waste led to product with low fat and high and antioxidant content.
2008
12
30
208
216
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3200_058f62b694101ac9b464aaeace1aec12.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Improving Yield and Quality of Some Olive Cultivars Using an Integrated and Balanced Fertilization Program Grown in Calcareous Soil
A.I.
Rezk
O.A.
Nofal
A. B.
El-Nasharty
Four olive cultivars 10-years old with different production purposes (oil, table-and double purposes) which grown in calcareous soils under drip irrigation system at North West region of Egypt were evaluated for their responses to an Integrated and Balanced Fertilization program (IBF) comparing with normal farm fertilization (NFF) during two successive seasons (2006, 2007).Results showed that remarkable and significant differences between cultivars in leaf-macro and micronutrients contents, olive yield and both oil and total acidity percentage as a result of using (IBF). Correlation coefficients cleared that there are high positive relations between leaf nutrients contents and olive yield. They reached to highest values with potassium (r=0.63)and both nitrogen and copper (r=0.58).With respect to oil percent, positive relations were also observed with potassium (r=0.38),copper (r=0.26), calcium (r=0.24) and phosphorus (r=0.18). Otherwise, negative relations were found with total acidity , particularly potassium (r=- 0.72) and copper (r=- 0.55) and to a less extent, with phosphorus (r=-0.51),calcium (r=-0.49),magnesium (r=-0.48),nitrogen (r=-0.38) and iron ( r=-0.33).It is clear that potassium and copper had the most effective role on olive yield and its quality. There were also found positive relation between olive yield and its oil content (r=0.20) and in contrast, negative relations between each of them and total acidity (r=-0.48 and-0.14), respectively. The olive yield of the four cultivars and their oil contents were increased as a result of using (IBF) program where the increasing rates ranged from 23-30% and from 13-26%, respectively. But the total acidity was decreased by rates ranged from 12-33%. In accordance, the highest olive yield was 28.9 kg/tree with 20.7% of oil and 0.7% of total acidity for the double-purpose cultivar (Picual) and the lowest one was 20.6 kg/tree with 7.7% of oil and 0.8% of total acidity for the table-purpose cultivar (Egazy, local cultivar). It can be concluded that, the addition of macronutrients as soil application through the drip irrigation system and micronutrients as foliar application in an integrated and balanced fertilization (IBF) program to the four studied cultivars, has effective role for improving olive yield and its quality.
2008
12
30
217
222
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3201_a72d1f6e46db91ab5bc03028f6339cc4.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Detection and Elimination of Certain Insecticide Residues from Tomatoes and Green Peppers Fruits
Sulaiman
A. A.
A.
Kmel
D.H.
Al-Rajhi
Residues of three common insecticide used lately in greenhouses were determined; pyriproxyfen (insect growth regulator and guvenile hormone), fenitrothion (an organophosphate), and spinosad (a biological insecticide). Degradation of these insecticides was followed on tomatoes and green peppers grown in greenhouses. The residue of each insecticide was also determined after cooling and cooking the fruits after one day of application. Results showed that initial deposits of pyriproxyfen on tomatoes and green peppers were 2.89 and 6.71 mg/kg respectively. Gradually with time the percentage of disappearance reached 84.14% on tomatoes and 88.08% on peppers after 14 days of application. The half life time (t 0.5) was 5.41 days on both tomatoes and peppers. The results also show that cooling resulted in 15.92 % and 15.35 % loss, while cooking of fruits resulted in 65.4% and 77.35 % loss of pyriproxyfen from tomatoes and peppers, respectively. Regarding fenitrothion, the results showed that the initial deposits on tomatoes and green peppers were 3.48 and 3.37 mg/kg; respectively. Gradually with time the percentage of disappearance reached 97.13% on tomatoes and 98.81% on peppers after 14 days of application. The (t 0.5) was 3.5 days on tomatoes and 1.5 days on peppers. Cooling process resulted in 9.48% and 25.52 % loss, while cooking reduce 93.1 % and 82.79% of fenitrothion from tomatoes and peppers, respectively. Initial residues of spinosad were 0.52 and 0.23 mg/kg on tomatoes and green peppers. The loss reached 84.62% on tomatoes and 47.83% peppers after 7 days of application. The (t 0.5) was 3.5 days on tomatoes and 7.5 days on peppers. Cooling process resulted in loss of spinosad residues by 44.23% and 39.13 % while cooking reduce 50% and 56.52% from tomaoes and green peppers, respectively.
detection
elimination
Insecticides
residues
Tomatoes
Peppers
2008
12
30
223
229
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3202_eacd5e221e908833399a8ac4f6e19003.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Effects of Sub-Lethal Doses of Pyriproxyfen, Fenitrothion and Spinosad on Certain Biochemical Systems of Male Albino Rats
Sulaiman
A. A.
D.H.
Al-Rajhi
A.
Kmel
Toxicological effects of sub-lethal doses (1/10th of LD50 and initial residues) of pyriproxyfen, fenitrothion and spinosad were studied in male albino rats. The ratio of certain organ to body weight, some blood components and enzyme activities(plasma cholinesterase and alkaline phosphatase) were determined. One tenth of the LD50 of the three insecticides showed a significant decrease in the weight of kidneys, and spleen of the tested animals with respect to the total weight, while there was no significant change in the weight of the liver with respect to the total weight. Regarding the initial deposits of the three insecticides, the results showed that there was no significant difference on the ratio of liver to total body weight for spinosad and fenitrothion, while the initial deposit of pyriproxyfen showed a significant decrease in the weights of liver, spleen and kidney with respect to the total body weight. One tenth of the LD50 had insignificant effect for the insecticides fenitrothion and spinosad mostly on the number of red and white blood cell counts, while the dose of pyriproxyfen significantly reduced the number of white cells from 13 x 103 cell/ml in the control treatment to 4.3X103 cell/ml. The three insecticide treatments showed a significant increase in hemoglobin in comparison to the control. There was no significant effect for both doses of 1/10th the LD50 and the initial deposit on Hematocrite concentration and the average volume of the red blood cells, except for the doses1/10th of the LD50 of spinosad and initial deposit of fenitrothion in which there was a significant increase in the average volume of the red cells in comparison to the control. The two doses of insecticides showed a little inhibition of cholinesterase activity which ranged from 9.61 to 38.46% for both doses of the three insecticides. A significant increase in the activity of the enzyme alkaline phosphatase was recorded. Creatinine level was increased when animals were treated with both doses of pyriproxyfen. Fenitrothion treatment showed a decrease in creatinine level. The treatment of 1/10th of LD50 of spinosad did not affect the level of creatinine, while the initial residue of spinosad showed a significant increase with respect to the control.
hematological parameters
male Albino rats
alkaline phosphatase
Cholinesterase
2008
12
30
230
236
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3203_e3013cd98efc52e197dcc339755286a2.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Response of Sweet Potato to Mycorrhizae and Irrigation Treatments Under Drip Irrigation in Sandy Soils
Attia
M.M.
Rmadan
Abdel Aty
M.
El Moursy
Two field experiments were conducted at Aly Mubarak experimental farm, El-Bustan region during 2006 nd 2007summr seasons to study the response of sweet potato to two mycorrhiza, vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi treatments (w= inoculation with VAM and w0= non VAM) and four irrigation treatments (irrigation with amounts of water equals: I1=120%, I2=100%, I3=80% and I4=60% of crop evapotranspiration ETc ).Results revealed that there were significant effects due to the interaction between the tested mycorrhizae and irrigation treatments on the production of sweet potato through the two growing seasons. The highest yields of sweet potato tuber were 10.742 and 10.425 ton/fed. in the two growing seasons, respectively, that obtained by inoculation with mycorrhizae and irrigation with amount of water equals to 80%of ETc. Also, the inoculation with mycorrhizae and irrigation with amount of water equals to 80% ETc (I3) gave the highest values of tuber sweet potato (number/plant, tuber weight, tuber length, tuber diameter and TSS. But, the inoculation with mycorrhizae and irrigation with amount of water equals to 120% ETc (I1) gave the highest values of leaf area, foliage weight and tuber phosphorus content of sweet potato.The total amounts of applied irrigation water for the 80% ETc irrigation treatment of sweet potato were 65.0 and 67.3 cm. in the two growing seasons, respectively. The highest water utilization efficiency (WUtE) values were 3.93 and 3.69 kg tuber sweet potato per m3 irrigation water, in the first and second seasons, respectively, that obtained by inoculation with mycorrhizae and irrigation with amount of water equals to 80%ETc.
2008
12
30
237
243
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3204_217933966c26e05e2574fd45377f639b.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Response of "Grandnain"Banana to Humic Acid, Potassium and Magnesium Fertilization
Mohamed
Ragab El-Shenawi
Hoda
S.H. Aly
Badran
A. F. Mohamed
This study was carried out in a private orchard, at Kafr El-Dwar, El-Behera Governorate, on "GrandNain" banana plants (Musa cavendishii Lamb.) during the 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 growing seasons. Twelve treatments of different Humic acid (HA), potassium (K) and Magneisum (Mg) HA:K:Mg ratios were applied. The results indicated that there were great effects on growth aspects, yield, physical and chemical properties and leaf mineral content with varying HA:K:Mg ratios. Since increasing HA:K:Mg rates from 0 to 10 gm/plant, K from 0 to 300 gm/plant and Mg from 0 to 150 gm/plant/year caused a remarkable promotion on all studied parameters. Leaf potassium and magnesium contents were increased with increasing the applied potassium and magnesium fertilizer rates. On the other hand, results did not show a constant trend due to different treatments in respect with phosphorus, but did not affect nitrogen content. The best treatment was obtained with using (HA:K:Mg) at rate of 10 gm/plant Humic acid, 300 gm potassium sulfate and 150 gm magnesium sulfate for all studied parameters.
2008
12
30
244
251
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3205_c646bd6cb22be1cafdd22610af22a101.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Effect of Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) Spray on Yield and Fruit Characteristics of Zaghloul Date Palm
Abd El-Kader
A. M.
F.B.
El-Makhtoun
Hoda
S.H. Aly
K.A.
El-Roby
The experiment was carried out through 2005 and 2006 seasons on "Zaghloul" date palm of about 50 years old grown in loamy soil at El-Kanater Horticulture Research Station, Kalubia Governorate, Egypt. The effect of NAA at (20, 30, 40 and 50 ppm) were sprayed on bunches, within two weeks after pollination time, in each season. Results indicated that NAA spray at different concentrations tended to decrease bunch weight than the control due to reducing fruit number/bunch as a result of fruit drop. Fruit and flesh weights, fruit dimensions, total soluble solids, sugar content were significantly higher under all treatments. While the acidity content and tannins in fruits were significantly lower in comparison with control. From the present study at is conducted that spraying NAA at 40 or 50 ppm on "Zaghloul" date bunches after two weeks from pollination time was a beneficial treatment to ensure fruit thinning and improve fruit quality under such conditions.
Thinning
NAA
date palm
fruit quality
yield
2008
12
30
252
256
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3206_1b89e0083894f864579d8ff161a2f649.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Water Productivity of Cucumber and Tomato Crops as Affected by Different Cultural Substrates under Greenhouses Conditions at Bustan Area
Mahmoud
M. R.
Tarek
A. El-Ragal
M. A.
Sayed
Greenhouses are considered as one of the feasible technologies for improving and propagating vegetables productivity per a unit of soil and water as well as for off-season productivity with higher net returns to the farmer. Two successive experiments were conducted at Abdel-Monem Reyad Village at El-Bustan area in 2005 and 2006 seasons to study the effects of using different agricultural media on water productivity of cucumber and tomato and the economics of their production. The objective of these experiments was to study the effect of polyethylene ditches (30X0.3X0.2 m ditch dug in the soil, coated with polyethylene film and filled with fertile compost), the polyethylene beds (close polyethylene film and contain fertile compost with the dimensions of 3.0X0.3X0.2 m. and punched for cucumber or tomato on 0.3m. and 0.5 m.) and the polyethylene bags (bags from polyethylene each with the capacity of 4 kg of fertile compost on applied water, vegetative parameters and economical factors of cucumber and tomato under greenhouse conditions. Also, to find a solution to avoid using chemicals for sterilizing seedlings bed such as methyl bromide in sterilizing the soil, which is costly and a source of environmental pollution. Results revealed that: v There were some significant differences between the used treatments and the control on leaf area and dry matter parameters. v Soil ditches Treatment had the highest significant yield for both cucumber and tomato crops. v Applied water for both cucumber and tomato was measured and it increases with the vegetative growth increasing till the physiological maturity stage then decreased. v Water productivity reached the highest value for polyethylene ditches treatment for cucumber and tomato greenhouse production. v The net income for polyethylene ditches treatment reached 73.2 fold more than the traditional treatment for tomato, while, it reached 11.5 fold for cucumber.
2008
12
30
257
264
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3207_33eb3f1d9f92b4ac6b1a3291694499d2.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Harvesting Time Influences Bruising Susceptibility, Quality and Storagability of Swilling Peach Fruits
Nermeen
I. EL- Naggar
The present study was carried out during 2006 and 2007 seasons on Swilling peach fruits. Five harvests were performed at two days intervals during the commercial harvesting season. During each harvest, bruised fruits percentage, the number and the diameter of the bruised areas were determined. Sound selected fruits of each harvest were stored at 0°C. There was a significant increase in the bruised fruits percentages during the harvesting two seasons correlated with the increase in the number of bruised area per each fruit. This number increased at the third harvest then declined which may be due to the attachment of the bruised areas where the diameter of those bruised area increase significantly with the progress of the harvesting season. The 50 cm height was the most effective one on the sound fruit susceptibility to bruising. It caused clear bruised areas and watery symptoms appeared on the peel and flesh with faster changes to brown color at RT. In both seasons, the first and second harvests of peach fruits had the significantly highest weight loss during the storage period. Flesh firmness decreased significantly at the last harvests. Fruits of all the harvests lost its flesh firmness with the advancing of the storage period. At harvest time and during cold storage, the fruits of the earlier harvests had the significant lowest SSC values. The later harvest time the lowest acidity and total phenols and the highest water soluble pectin percentages. Peach fruits must be picked, packed and transported gently to avoid bruising and marketed, then consumed within three weeks to avoid mealiness or firmness loss.
2008
12
30
265
275
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3208_6d4504873dcc03702e947387a0a2f99b.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Effect of Some Mineral Oils Alone and Their Mixtures with Cyhalothrin on The In Vitro Activity of Adenosine Triphosphatase Enzyme (ATPase) Extracted from Spodoptera Littoralis Larvae Brain
Ismail
Seham M.
Nader
Shaker
The toxicity effects of three Mineral oils (Folic; Kemesol and National oil) alone and pretreated with Cyhalothrin (Pyrethroid) insecticide on the fourth larval instars of laboratory and field strains of Spodoptera littoralis have been evaluated. The results showed that Folic oil was the most potent against both two strains followed by Kemesol and National oil showed to have less toxic effect. The effect of LC50 of the tested oils and the interaction of Mineral oils with Cyhalothrin on the in vivo inhibition of ATPase from Spodoptera littoralis brain was investigated. Results proved that pretreated of Folic oil with Cyhalothrin incressed the percentage inhibition which found that to be 95.8 and 90.7% for lab and field strains respectively, while the percentage inhibition found by pretreated the Kemesol oil with Cyhalothrin were 90.5 and 88.6% for lab and field strains Spodoptera respectively, in the other hand the percentage inhibition found by pretreated the National oil with Cyhalothrin were 76.2 and 71.3% for lab and field strains Spodoptera respectively. The results emphasized that I50 and Ki values decreased when Folic and Kemesol oil pretreated with Cyhalothrin, so there were significant differences among the chemical combinations, which caused more reduction effect than signal treatment, and they affected enzyme activity by the same trend so results proved that ATPase was sensitive to the Folic and Kemesol oil. The present study open gate that physical toxicant can play important role to increase pesticide toxicity. Generally, Mineral oils pretreated with Cyhalothrin produce a new trend will lead to reduce the field dose of the Pyrethroid insecticides, enhance the role of beneficial insects and reduce the cost of pest control.
2008
12
30
276
282
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3209_416d30f6456a26e648704db546305745.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Efficiency of Inorganic and Organic Nitrogen Fertilization on Cauliflower (Brassica oleraceae var. botrytis, L.) Curds Quality
Abdel-Razzak
H. S.
T. H.
Gamel
A. B.
El-Nasharty
Two experiments were established at the Experimental Station Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University in two winter seasons of 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 to evaluate the effects of application three levels of inorganic N fertilizer (40, 80 and 120 kg N fad.-1 as ammonium nitrate) and control treatment (without addition, soil N), three rates of chicken manure (5, 10 and 15 m3 fad.-1) in addition to control treatment (without application chicken manure) as well as their interactions effect on curd quality of cauliflower "Amshiry" cultivar. The results showed positive effects of using either inorganic or organic N fertilizers on cauliflower curds quality characters. The inorganic N form was more effective in the presence than in absence of organic fertilizer concerning curds quality. The application of high level of inorganic N fertilizer (120 kg N fad.-1), significantly, increased curd weight, phenolic compounds, concentrations of Ca and Mg of curds, and significantly decreased inflorescence stalks length of cauliflower curds. However, both medium and high levels of inorganic N form (80 and 120 kg N fad.-1) augmented curd diameter, dry matter content, protein nitrogen, true protein, non protein nitrogen as well as concentrations of some macro and micro-nutrient (N, P, K, Na and Zn) of curds compared with other treatments. Chicken manure at the highest rate (15 m3 fad.-1) reflected clear superior in all curds quality characters under consideration. Positive changes in all studied parameters viz. curd quality characteristics and nutritional value were obtained in response to the collaborative effect of both inorganic and organic N fertilization. The results of the current study indicated that combination of inorganic N level (80 kg N fad.-1 as NH4NO3) with chicken manure rate (15 m3 fad.-1; i.e., 72 kg N fad.-1) gave the superior curd quality characteristics with high nutritional values for cauliflower "Amshiry" cultivar under the study region conditions.
Key words: Cauliflower
chicken manure
curd quality
N fertilizer
nitrate content
Phenolic compounds
2008
12
30
283
297
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3210_c3322401d3c732d7f074332d0f2825dd.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Improving Barley (Hardeum Vulgare L.) Tolerant to Herbicides Injuries Using Two Methods of Safener Application
Amel
A. Houssien
In greenhouse, barley seeds (Hardeum Vulgare L) were treated with 1,8 naphthalic anhydride safener using two methods of application. The first method, seeds were coated with naphthalic anhydride (NA) by tow rates (0.5 and 1.0% w/w), and the second were soaking for two hours in potassium salt of naphthalic anhydride (KNA) at concentration 20 and 30 mM in K-phosphate buffer to compare the two methods against the toxic effect of post-emergence application of imazapic (oraban) and fenoxaprop-ethyl ( furour) compared with fenoxaprop-p < /em>-ethyl which have safener in its formulation (puma super) at one field and one and half of field rate. All naphthalic anhydride concentration increase glutathione content, glutathione-s-tansferases activities and total chlorophyll determined 30 days after herbicides application. On the other hand all herbicide rates caused significant decrease in all determined parameters. Naphthalic anhydride succeeded to protect barley seedlings from herbicides injuries and the seedlings still alive even with 1.5 F of field rate. Fenoxaprop-p < /em>-ethyl ( at the ready made formulation) with one field rate gave an increase in all parameter but the rate of increase were less than that with naphthalic anhydride and its safener failed to protect barley seedlings from its high rate.
2008
12
31
298
306
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3211_4f5cd3555f2e26bf3e8e882a4defdc94.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Anthropometric Measurements, Hematological Indices & Intelligence Quotient of Homeless Adolescents, Dar El Tarbia in Giza
Ghada
M. I. El-Kllerbawy
The anthropometric measurements (height/age, weight.«’age& body mass index‘ (intelligence quotient (IO score) and some Hematological indices (I-Ib, TIBC& serum iron) were assessed for fifty male adolescents residents aged 12-16 years of Dar El-Tarbia in Giza. The study revealed that about two third (68%) of cases were stunted.l Meanwhile, 34% of them were under weight. None of the adolescents were above the‘ normal height /age or weight/age according to the used standard reference (WI-IO, 1995)The majority of the adolescents under study (84%) had normal BMI. Concerning hemoglobin concentration, the results obtained were relatively close to reference Hb value (mean Hb level=11.8 g/dl). The majority of the adolescents (90&94%) had normal levels of TIB Candserum iron, respectively. The mean of standard deviation and IQ scores estimated to be 95.28+1502 that considered close to the norm for IQ l test. There are significant correlations between time of residence in rehabilitation center and each of Hb concentration &serum iron (p < 0.05).
2008
12
31
307
314
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3212_43b33a76b1239d3089cb3d6f3e8bee46.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Utilization of Food Industries Wastes for The Production of Single Cell Protein by Yeasts
A. I.
Khalil
M. S.
Hassouna
R. H.
Zaanon
To study the potential of producing single cell protein (SCP) from waste materials to decrease the protein gap and to reduce the environmental pollution, five yeast strains (Candida blankii, Candida rugosa, Pichia anomala, Kluyveromyces lactis and Rhodotorula glutinis)were used. The results of growth of the tested strains on four types of food industries wastes (cheese whey, orange peel, beet pulp and rice husk) as indicated by their protein and nucleic acids content, showed that Kluyveromyces lactis and Candida rugosa grew well on whey, while Candida blankii, Rhodotorula glutinis and Pichia anomala grew better in orange peel. The highest value of protein content was obtained with Kluyveromyces lactis on whey (6.78 g/l)followed by Candida blankii on orange peel (6.01 g/l). On the other hand, the lowest values of protein content were found when rice husk and beet pulp were used for growth of these strains. Nucleic acids content followed the same trend of protein content and the highest value was obtained with Kluyveromyces lactis on whey (1.05 g/l) and then Candida blankii on orange peel (0.88 g/l), whereas rice husk and beet pulp gave the lowest values. Heat shock at 64 oC for 20 min caused a reduction in nucleic acid contents ranged from 65.2 to 88.8%, whereas the reduction by ribonuclease (RNase) enzyme reached over 99.0 %. It is concluded that SCP could be produced from some food industries wastes providing the appropriate strain of yeast is used. Nucleic acids content can be reduced to the required limit.
2008
12
31
315
324
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3213_aa76c915e8f92b77ee704d49beb61576.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Vegetative Growth and Yield Potential of Cauliflower (Brassica oleraceae var. botrytis, L.) Plants as Affected by Inorganic and Organic Nitrogen Fertilization
Abdel-Razzak
H. S
A. B.
El-Nasharty
Two field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Station Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University in two successive winter seasons of 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 to follow up the influences of different levels of inorganic N (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg N fad.-1 as NH4NO3) and organic N (0, 5, 10 and 15 m3 fad.-1 as chicken manure), as well as their collaborative effects on cauliflower vegetative growth characters and chemical composition of leaves. In addition, determine both maximum (total and marketable yields), and minimum (non-marketable one) of cauliflower "Amshiry" cultivar were considered.
The results showed that the application of medium and high levels of inorganic N fertilizer (80 and 120 kg N fad.-1) increased significantly most of the vegetative growth characters such as plant fresh weight, plant height, leaves number, leaves and stem dry matter content, and stem diameter. Increasing significant values for both total and marketable yield of cauliflower were, also, recorded for the same two levels. On the other hand, the non-marketable yield reflected pronounced decrease as a result of application the same two levels. Significant increases of macro- and micro-nutrient concentrations in leaves of cauliflower were obtained by raising N levels.
Application of chicken manure rates up to 15 m3 fad.-1 revealed significant increases in vegetative growth parameters, concentrations of macro- and micro-nutrient in leaves, and yield characters during both seasons.
The best treatment combination appeared to be that of the highest levels of inorganic and organic N fertilizers (120 kg N/fed.-1 as NH4NO3 + 15 m3; i.e., 72 kg N/fed.-1 of chicken manure) followed by (80 kg N/fed.-1, NH4NO3 + 15 m3, chicken manure). Application of the last treatment gave maximum marketable yield as well as total yield, and at the same time lowered non-marketable yield of cauliflower. It can be concluded that the use of chicken manure can decrease the used quantity of inorganic N fertilizer and, consequently, improves the economics of cauliflower production as well as reduces the unfavorable effects on the environment under the study region conditions.
Cauliflower
chicken manure
Inorganic N
leaves nutrient contents
marketable yield
loose and buttoned curds
2008
10
01
325
339
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_156919_20c674d6648b2861eccca90eb215404b.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Educational Effects of an Extension Training Program on Training of Trainers for the Members of Farmer’s Development Associations in Upper Egypt
Hoda
Mohamed Maher
The central purpose of this study was to identify the educational benefits of an extension training program in the field of training of trainers for the members of farmers and their families’ development associations in upper Egypt. Two approaches were used in this study. First, the learning measurement approach was used to identify the degree of educational benefits the trainers gained, in terms of knowledge and skills, from the offered training program which was revealed by 45 educational items. Second, the reaction measurement approach was used to identify each of the following: (1) Trainees opinions related to the important dimensions of reaction measurement process of the studied training program. (2) Trainees opinions related to the future
improvement of the training program. (3) Trainees opinions related to their training needs. Data were collected from 64 trainees participated in the studied program. Main statistical methods used for data analysis included: frequencies, percentages, means, and range. By comparing the knowledge and skill educational items before training with the knowledge and skill educational items after training, it was clear that the studied training program was very effective in increasing the trainees’ knowledge in the field of training of trainers when compared with trainees’ skills in the field of training of trainers. The results of this study should be regarded as a basis for designing and implementing similar programs in the future.
2008
10
01
206
219
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158778_b42cc0400e7b7429745ecd1febd6f876.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Effect of Some Pesticides on Soil Microorganism Grown in Soil with Organic Matter
Ababutain
M.Ibtisam
Barakah
F.N
Heggo
A.M.
Use of large quantities of pesticides in Saudi Arabia could entail harm effects on the soil environment as well as on the non-target organisms, especially the essential microbial groups related to soil fertility. Soil content of organic matter affected pesticides role in soil, for that, an experiment, was designed to study the effect of different organic amendments such as glucose and clover at 1 % on the behaviors of soil microorganisms in the present of pesticides (lannate or Diazinon). The mixed soils were incubated at 28 ± 2 ºC with 70 % WHC. Samples were taken periodically after 0, 1,2, 3, 4, 5 weeks to estimate the microorganisms groups (Total bacterial colony counts, fungi, actinomycetes, aerobic cellulose decomposers, phosphate dissolving bacteria,Azotobacter and Azospirillum), organic carbon and total nitrogen contents in soils (clay loam and sandy) were also determined. Data Showed that, the addition of organic matter substance of glucose or clover at the rates of 1 % to both soils types examined in this study weakened the inhibitory effect of lannate and diazinon, especially when using the doubled dose. The use of clover was better than the use of glucose as an organic substance in both soil types. Most frequently the inhibitory effect of diazinon on the soil microorganisms was decreased in the presence of organic matter substance. While it was increased in case of lannate with the doubled dose in particular. Carbon consuming was decreased due to pesticides application , also nitrogen quantity in soil was affected at the end of experiment
2008
10
01
220
236
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158779_be2c18f22fad8ac7205f6235b4576626.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Field Study of Dermatological Problems Ralated to Clothing in Sharkia Goveronorate
Fatma
Mohamed salem
The present research aimed to study dermatological health problems caused by clothing. The sample consisted of 200 patients A questionnaire was used as a research tool and was collected through personal interviews. Percentages frequencies, relation coefficient, chi square, statistics were used to analyze the data.
The most important results in the following types of dermatitis. Most cases examined in this study suffered from dermatitis caused by bacteria and molds (35.5 and 25%) Mean while there were 17%, 10.5% and
5.5% sample examined suffered from allergy or irritation parasites and viral dermatitis respectively in addition to 6.5 % had hair diseases. It was found that the majority of the patients were females children and youths, More cases were found in rural areas than urban ones. Types of Dermatitis were caused by infections (bacteria- molds, parasites, and viruses), chemicals in fabrics and synthetic fabrics. There were significant relation between types of Dermatitis related to clothing and sex, age groups, and educational level of both mothers and fathers ).
2008
10
01
237
252
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158780_d8d8e1f75a63b5a23fc2759ab5b46095.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Measurement of Administrative and Economic Efficiency of Dates Factories in Kingdom Saudi Arabia
Raga Manahi
El-Marzoki El-Bakmi
The paper examines the reality of factories in Saudi dates to determine the extent of economic and administrative efficiency using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The data were collected from 45 factory. Data sample was divided into large factories and small factories, and the whole sample has been used to measure the efficiency. The study concluded that economic and technical efficiency of plants dates are efficiency of the problem and the problem lies in marketing and advertising.
2008
10
01
253
266
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158781_0c05240f64e6ef0f8ebcebfadde537ba.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Dumping Effect on Poultry Industry in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Osman
bin saad al-nashwan
Adel
Mohamed ghanem
Adel
gomaa
This study aims at recognizing dumping and negative impact on poultry industry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. For achieving its objectives, the study adopted the economic quantitative analysis, particularly concentration measures such as, dumping measures ad dumping margin, In its analysis of the impact of dumping , the study relied on Analysis of partial equilibrium in accordance with the primary data for the projects of production of poultry meat.
The study has a group of results with the following most important conclusions:
1. Most imports of Poultry meat to the Kingdom come from Brazil, France and USA with relative importance of imports for each in sequence are 57.8%, 36% and 1.43%.
2. Market share of Brazil increased from 70.52% in 1986 to around 32.09% in the year 2004, while average price of imports from Brazil declined by 5.1% annually. Hence, Brazil has dumping trends and motives.
3. Dumping is considered the most important problem for the poultry meat industry in the Kingdom as the
dumping percentage or probability was between 76.86% as a minimum level and 83.1% as a maximum level. The characteristics of the Saudi market are considered factors encouraging dumping practices.
4. Dumping has a clear impact on poultry industry and national economy through affecting the surplus of producers and consumers, net losses in production and consumption besides the net impact of the change in governmental expenditures which increased from SR 803.46 million during the period 1992-1997 to around SR 1.56 billion during the period 2000-2004.
Based upon the results of this study, the researcher recommends the following:
a) Resisting dumping through the system of production and merging among the industrial and commercial sectors.
b) Giving importance for renewing adoption of the standards measures for the poultry meat in the kingdom.
c) Training the workers in the field of external trade to know more about the dumping phenomenon.
2008
10
01
267
276
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158782_008cba079b35834d8a5cf54ecbec94ca.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
The Relationship between Agricultural Extension and Agricultural Rural Organizations As Seen by Agricultural Extension Workers in Kafrelsheikh Governorate
Hussein
Ali Hagras
Allam
Mohammed Tantawi
The main objective of this research was to identify the relationships between agricultural extension and agricultural rural organizations as seen by agricultural extension workers in Kafr Elsheikh governorate. The agricultural rural organizations were: Agricultural Cooperative Association, veterinary unit, and the village’s Bank.
Data were collected by a personal questionnaire from two random samples consisting of 152 agents at the village’s level, and 66 from the extension workers at the the extension Centers level in Kafr Elsheikh governorate Sample Size was decided according to Krejcie and Morgan tables. Percentages, frequencies, and the arithmetic means were used for analysis data.
The most important research findings are:
1- More than one third of all respondents mentioned weakness of the relationship between the agricultural extension and the rural agricultural organizations be week. The Two groups of Sample mentioned that the strong relationship has been absent Approximately.
2- Agricultural Cooperative Associations occupied the forefront of strength of the relationship between the agricultural extension and the studied rural agricultural organizations from point of view of all respondents, followed by village banks and veterinary units .The order was slightly different for in the other village level and extension centers level respondents.
3- The official form is the prevailing form in most dimensions of relationship of agricultural extension and studied agricultural rural organizations.
- The major constraints that limit the effectiveness of the relationship between agricultural extension and the studied agricultural rural organizations were: lake of coordination & the cooperation between the agricultural extension and rural agricultural organizations, complexity of the procedures needed for exchange information& resources between agricultural extension and rural agricultural organizations, nonexislack of effective channels of communication between agricultural extension and rural agricultural organizations, and the weakness of the available possibilities for the agricultural extension and agricultural rural organizations, in general.
5- The major suggestions of the respondents to increase the effectiveness of relationship between agricultural extension and rural organizations were: simplifying procedures for the exchange of information,and resources and between agricultural extension and agricultural rural organizations, informing the officials and the workers in the organizations with the importance of cooperative relationship with the agricultural extension; encouraging the workers in the agricultural organizations and agricultural extension to consolidate cooperative relationships among themselves, supporting programs among villages level organizations, and to take enough measures to support cooperative relationship between agricultural extension and agriculture rural organizations.
2008
10
01
277
294
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158783_0ac38c7aba19a7bc780012a45e2c1497.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Perception of Cattle's Breeders Concerning Shared Diseases between Human and Animal, and Protection Methods from It in Kafr EL-Sheikh Governorate Hussein Ali
Emile
Sobhy Mikhaiel
Zaghloul
Mohamed Sakr
The main objectives of this study were to determine perception level of the cattle breeders concerning shared diseases between human and animal, also determine perception level of the respondents concerning protection methods from shared diseases between human and animal, as well as determine the independent variables affecting perception levels both shared diseases and protection methods from it, besides identify the respondents information sources regarding shared diseases.
Six villages were selected randomly from three districts in kafr el-sheikh governorate. A random sample consisted of 190 respondents were chosen from cattle breeders whom own three and more from cattle, Data were collected through personal interview pre-tested questionnaire, Arithmetic means, simple correlation coefficient, and multiple correlation & regression analysis (step-wise) were used to analyze data, in addition to frequencies, percentages and weighted Means.
The results revealed that the perception level of 33,7% of respondents was low, 43,1% was moderate concerning shared diseases between human and animal,as well as 33,7%, 33,15% from respondent's perception levels were low and moderate respectively regarding protection methods from shared diseases.
Findings of multiple correlation & regression analysis showed that five independent variables significantly affected respondent's perception degree concerning shared diseases between human and animal and explained 57, 4% from its variance which were: respondent's knowledge degree with the healthy characteristics of animal, respondent's participating degree(informal) in the developmental projects, respondent's attitude degree towards protection from shared diseases between human and animal, degree of respondent's education, and size of farm animal holding According to step- wise there were three independent variables significantly affected respondent's perception degree concerning protection methods from shared diseases and explained 63,7%% from its variance which were: respondent's perception degree of shared diseases between human and animal, degree of respondent's exposure and benefit from information sources, and degree of respondent's wife education.
There were fifteen information sources could be ranked in descending order according to degree of benefit from it by respondents (self estimation) as follows: veterinary office (clinic), governmental veterinary unities, friends & neighbors, cattle's market, senior breeders, cattle's examiner (checker), while agricultural extension agent and animal production specialist were come in late order.
The main objectives of this study were to determine perception level of the cattle breeders concerning shared diseases between human and animal, also determine perception level of the respondents concerning protection methods from shared diseases between human and animal, as well as determine the independent variables affecting perception levels both shared diseases and protection methods from it, besides identify the respondents information sources regarding shared diseases.
Six villages were selected randomly from three districts in kafr el-sheikh governorate. A random sample consisted of 190 respondents were chosen from cattle breeders whom own three and more from cattle, Data were collected through personal interview pre-tested questionnaire, Arithmetic means, simple correlation coefficient, and multiple correlation & regression analysis (step-wise) were used to analyze data, in addition to frequencies, percentages and weighted Means.
The results revealed that the perception level of 33,7% of respondents was low, 43,1% was moderate concerning shared diseases between human and animal,as well as 33,7%, 33,15% from respondent's perception levels were low and moderate respectively regarding protection methods from shared diseases.
2008
10
01
295
307
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158787_dbfeb4ccb3e875bb596026d1140ab057.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
The Economic Dimension for Tomatoes Production in Greenhouses in Saudi Arabia
khalid
Al-Rwis
This study aimed to identify the impact of growing tomatoes in greenhouses, and adopted the study in achieving its goals of economic analysis on the record. This study resulted in a series of results including:
1- Are growing tomatoes in greenhouses in five regions: Riyadh, the productivity of the eastern region, Assir, Qassim and Hail, since there by about 78.94% of the total area planted with tomatoes in greenhouses in 2006.
2- The area of cultivation and production of tomato crops in greenhouses growth rate of 8.17%, 4.16%, respectively, while productivity fell at a 6.1% decrease annually during the period 1990 2006.
There is a difference between the moral middle-cultivated area, production and productivity of each tomato crop of houses and crops protected open during the study period.
4- Entail the cultivation of tomatoes in greenhouses to increase crop production for the same rate of change of 4.6% compared to agriculture open.
5- The study recommends the following:
a) To provide agricultural loans for the expansion of greenhouses in various regions of Saudi production.
b) provide trained technical personnel to work in the greenhouses to increase production and take advantage of market opportunities to increase sales and profits.
2008
10
01
308
314
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158793_84e79bf509bf54aff01cfcab4177f8b9.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
A Proposed Scheme for The Development of Creative Thought in Knitting Skills for The Students at The Faculty of Specific Education. To Be Used in Making A Small-Scale Business
Nagda
Ibrahim Mady
Mona
Mousa Ghalib
Disability is the kind of job scenario in regular activities and is mentally disabled person under the average mental functioning due to genetic factors or environmental impact on the nervous system led to a lack of intelligence of that study was conducted on a sample of the mentally handicapped and the 20 individuals between the ages of 12, 17 are Rehabilitation in an institution (The community-based rehabilitation for people with special needs section of the draft hadra CBR) to train some of the work hand in the field of garments and textiles, which helps them to vocational rehabilitation and enable them to work providing them new jobs or setting up a small person not to become a burden on society, has been training and acquisition of many skills Knowledge and manual and economic fabric and clothing (such as Embroidery, the IT work Khaddadip, napkin, sewing
tools, types of fabrics, patterns Almbusip) has been used in training questionnaire to determine knowledge and skills they have and hand orientation Nhawwalmharrat that want to acquire with the application of a training program for the development of cognitive skills and their hand has been determining the level of Performance skill test using skill and Marafy tribal and after me card as well as manual skills assessment test and has introduced a range of specialized evaluation of the arbitrators. The field study indicated that all the mentally handicapped do not have any skills or knowledge in hand clothing and textiles, also found that the program has led to increased information and skills of disabled people in all the skills of clothing and textiles. The study Iqbal, the mentally handicapped to some skills Accessories such as beads and knitting.
2008
10
01
315
339
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158799_e214d36222feea66f4669645783eb937.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
A Study of The Effect of Some Extension Methods As One of Variables Correlated with Rural Women in Making Participation Decisions Related to Some Animal and Plant Products in Some Villages of Behaira and Gharbia Governorates
Laila
Tolba
Safaa
Faheem
This research mainly aimed to study the effect of some extension methods upon contribution of rural women in making decisions related to some animal and agricultural products, through the following sub - goals:
- Study of some characteristics of the respondents.
- Identify contribution degree in making marketing decisions.
- Identify the main extension methods displayed for rural women.
- Study of the effect of some independent variables upon the participation degree in making marketing decisions.
- Identify the main problems that affect upon the participation in making marketing decisions
- And finally the proposed solutions from the point of view of the respondents.
Data were collected from a purposive sample consisted of 180 rural women from some villages in Behaira and Gharbia Governorates.
The main findings are:
- There is a lake of contribution degree in making marketing decisions, as (38.3%) of the sample have a low degree of contribution, (41.1%) have medium degree, while (20.6%) only of the sample showed a high degree of contribution.
- The study founded that the main extension methods that displayed to the respondents to get the marketing knowledge and information are: visiting of the female agricultural agent to houses of rural women, meeting with the agricultural agent, directed rural T.V and Radio programs, demonstrations, visiting the developing projects, and finally the extension prints.
- The study founded a significant descending relation between the contribution degree in making marketing decisions and each of: displaying of some extension methods, information resources, age of the respondents and plant and animal products.
2008
10
01
340
353
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158800_2b8472b46b1d2adbc6e98c1635bd7c18.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
The Expected Role of The Scientific Systems and The Social Organizations for Solving The Loaf of Bread Problem Case Studies in Alexandria and Matrooh Governorates
Sawsan
A. Nour
The main objective of this study is to identify the expected role of the scientific systems and the social organizations for solving the loaf of bread problem. It analyzes the dimensions of the problem, trying to grasp any opportunities for enhancing their role. The study leans upon four concepts: the social construction of gender and environment, small farmer group association, science and citizenship and context and process evaluations. Data were collected using case studies, simple observation, personal and group interviews, consulting experts, studying successful systems, monitoring significant events, scanning for developmental researches, using a questionnaire to interview five groups of board directors of three cooperative agricultural societies and two NGOs. Results revealed the following: - The consequences of the production and consumption activities of representatives of the problem could be gathered, notably; Decreased surface area cultivated with wheat, decreased productivity per feddan, increased consumption of wheat, increase of the subsidy burden, loss of small farmers, and emergence of the problem of bread in Egypt. However, there are opportunities worthy of attention from the most important power in the northwest coast of Egypt to grow more than 100 thousand acres of wheat with the possibility of increasing production per feddan up to eight Ardeb. There was a lowered perception of two groups of board members of associations examined, on how to select the member for the position. Also, there were lowered awareness of other groups of the importance of the rotation of leadership, gender, and sound scientific basis for assessment and the required transparency of the vitality of the organizations. Furthermore, it turns out that most of the members stopped contributing to the funding and this is an indication of reduced confidence in the organization. - It was found that the most important factors leading to the repetition of the problem of bread by the groups examined, were "reduced the area under cultivation of wheat in recent years" and "the transformation of farmers to grow crops giving higher income than wheat" and "a loss in storage" and "the spread of bakeries sell subsidized bread in villages" and "the difficulty in obtaining the agriculture inputs" and "high world of wheat price”. - A study of two successful organizations; one of the Republic of Mali, and the second is a mosque in the city of Alexandria. - Several proposals to resolve the problem have been evaluated: 1- Take benefits from the successful systems in the light of the re-evaluation of the values of society. 2– Perceive the scientific role of the media in the transfer of agricultural science and technology to people. 3- Proposals of experts. 4- Awareness of the importance of integrating gender and the environment. 5- Proposals for the study.
2009
10
01
126
144
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158962_380bf077274c1029146afae1c55193ea.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Behavior of The Farmers Related to Conservation Farm Land and Irrigation Water in Kafrelsheikh Governorate
Mohamed
Mohamed Heedak
Allam
Mohamed Tantawy
The research aimed mainly to determiningthebehavior of the farmers with regard to land and water conservation in Kafrelsheikh governorate. The research was conducted in the three districts of Desouk, Kafrelsheikh, and Seedy Salem. From those districts the three villages of Abu Zeyadah, Es-haka and Boureed were selected. The population size was (951 farmers) the sample size was decided according to krejcie and Morgan tables to be 274 farmers representing 29% of the population.
Personal questionnaire was used to collect research data from the interviewees. correlation coefficient, simple & multiple linear regression coefficients in addition to frequencies were used to analyze data.
The most important results may be summarized as follows:
1-The mode of the distributions of respondents accounting knowledge, attitudes and implementation of conservation practices of farm land and irrigation water were all in the medium category. 2- The top practices implemented by the respondents to conserve farm land and irrigation water were: plowing and good tillage for land before planting each crop, good leveling of the land save water and facilitates irrigation. 3- There were positive and significant correlation relationships at level of 0.01 between knowledge about conserving farm land
and village satisfaction, size of animal holding, and vailability of community facilities.
The variables of education, development participation, agricultural innovativeness and size of animal holding had positive and significant correlation relationships at level of 0.01 with knowledge about conservation of irrigation water. 4- There were positive and significant correlation relationships at level of 0.01 between attitudes towards conserving of farm land and development participation, agricultural innovativeness and village satisfaction. While the relationship was positive correlation at level of 0.01 between attitudes towards conserving of irrigation water and sources of obtaining of environmental information, development participation, availability of community facilities, and agricultural innovativeness. 5- The implementation of respondents for the practices of conserving of both farm land and irrigation water correlated with education, sources of obtaining of environmental information, and membership of social organizations, development participation, availability of community facilities, agricultural innovativeness and size of animal holding. 6-The ten independent variables together explain 10.2%, 45.9%, 5.00%, 70.9%, 16.6%, and 27.5% of the variation explained in the total degree of the components of behavior about conserving of farm land and irrigation water.
2009
10
01
145
159
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158963_497efc9a2a196170558d6b5eeb3c2e9b.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Agricultural Training Needs Among Extension Workers in Some Districts in Beheira Governorate Related to Some Environment Extension Activities
Z.M.
El-Zarka
A.A.
Fayed
This research aims mainly at studying agricultural needs among extension workers in some districts in Beheira governorate related to some environment extension activities. A random sample consisted of 165 respondants was slected and the research data were collected through personal interview questionnaire prepared for this purpose. Several statistical methods were used in analyzing and presenting data such as: percentages, repeating tables, simple correlation,and regression analysis .
The most important findings are as follows:
1- Task analysis results: The descending order of extension activities according to the priority of implementation shown by task analysis are related to
the follows: soil protection, water protection ,air protection against pollution.
In general, the extension activities included: communicate information ; demonstration and problem solving.
2- Gap analysis result: The result showed that the gaps between the present and supposed extension agents are related to the same order of extension activities in task analysis .
3- 53.9٪ of the respondents have low and moderate environmental congnitive levels .
4- There is a significant correlation between the environmental congnitive level and two independent variables i.e. educational level ,attitudes levels.
2009
10
01
160
176
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158964_7a9e45614ffebb075f96d490800f36b2.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Determinants of The Efficiency of The Collection of Agricultural Loans, Saudi Arabia
Othman
Saad Al-Nashwan
This research aims to measure Altheselip efficiency for agricultural loans and to identify the most important factors specific economic efficiency and propose policies to improve Altheselip efficiency the various branches and offices of the Agricultural Development Fund. This research was adopted for economic analysis and descriptive statistics, in addition to data published secondary and primary data collected through the questionnaire.
The result of this study group of the most important results include:
1- Qaseem occupied the first rank in Altheselip efficiency to total loans, hence the collection rate of about 82.4% during the period 1410-1428 e, followed by the regions of Tabuk and the Eastern collection rate reached 79.3% each, and then the Aseer area by 77.6%, and then by Hail 73.7%, then the Makkah by 71.6%.
2- Altheselip efficiency of loans determined by of economic factors including: number of staff of the collection, inadequate safeguards, the number of production cycles for the broiler chicken, it was found
that an increase in these variables by 10% lead to higher Altheselip efficiency rate of 6.1%, 1.2%, 0.7% respectively
3 - Altheselip efficiency of agricultural loans require the adoption of several policies, notably the need to obtain adequate guarantees real, activate binding procedures for payment by the executive and the judiciary, the availability of sufficient and accurate information on the financial status and behavior of borrowers, to ensure that realistic studies of technical and economic feasibility and include on the environmental dimension, activating the process of supervision and monitoring of agricultural projects since the beginning of construction until the end of the loan, review the policy of lending to agricultural development fund through the collection and broaden the base of a ceiling on the Fund's contribution of capital investment for agricultural projects, which should not exceed 50% of the Total investment costs for the project.
Agricultural development fund
gricultural loans
Altheselip Efficiency
2009
10
01
177
187
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158965_c288d2fcfefa0bcad80b2fabb91ece28.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
The Pattern Evaluation of Daily Food for Female Students, King Saud University
Amal
A. S. AL-Hussain
The study was conducted to evaluate the dietary intake for Saudi female students at College of Food Science and Agriculture and College of Science, King Saud University using 24 hour dietary intake method. Data were collected through reliable and valid questionnaire. A simple random sample of 313 Saudi female students representing 25% of the study population were selected. Percentage, mathematical means, t-test were used to analyze the data using SPSS Program.
Results revealed that most of the female students obtained three major meals a days 98.7% had breakfast, 98% Lunch and 95.8% dinner. 79.9% of the participants had a meal in between breakfast and lunch. while the percentage of meal consumed after dinner 52.6%.
The finding indicated that the students' daily nutrients intake exceeded significantly the dietary reference intakes (DRI) for protein, carbohydrate and
significantly insufficient for energy, iron, potassium, fat, manganese of Women's College of Food Sciences and Agriculture and the vitamin (a) for students of Faculty of Science.
Result showed that most the daily nutrients intake for female students at College of Food Sciences and Agriculture were significantly higher when compare with the daily nutrients intakes by students from College of Science, especially for protein and vitamin (c), and vitamin (a), and magnesium. It was recommend that balanced diets should be maintain by food service department at King Saud University that meet the body requirement and nutritional need. More attention should be gives to nutritional education for the university female students.
The daily Food
Female Students
King Saud University
2009
10
01
188
196
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158966_1e6b81d6d6abb78c98717ed28346775c.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Educational Impacts of The Project of Integrating Environmental and Population Educationin Agricultural Extension in The Field of Sustainable Agriculture in Ariamon Village, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate
Asmaa
Hamed Shalaby
Emile
Sohby Mikhael
The main objective of this research was to study the educational impacts of the project of integrating population and environment education in agricultural extension in the field of sustainable agriculture in Ariamon village, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, through achievement the following specific objectives: (1) Determining knowledge levels of respondents related to sustainable agriculture practices, (2) Determining the respondents implementation level of sustainable agriculture practices, (3) identifying the obstacles facing respondents regarding implementation sustainable agriculture practices, (4) Studying the correlation and regression relationships between knowledge degree of the respondents and the studied independent variables, (5) Studying the correlation and regression relationships between the respondents implementation degree and the studied independent variables.
A well prepared and pretested questionnaire was used to collect data of this research through personal interviews from two systematic random samples, one of them amounted to 120 respondents from Ariamon village (the project was implemented in) and the other amounted to 96 respondents from Taifa village (outside the project).
Percentages, frequencies, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient, multiple correlation and regression analysis (step-wise) were used to analyze data statistically.
The most important findings of this research were as follows:
The knowledge level of respondents in the project was higher than the knowledge level of respondents outside the project.
There were significant differences between the two samples under study (in the project & outside the project) at 0.01 level of significance which reflect the knowledge effect of the project.
The implementation level of respondents in the project was higher than the implementation level of respondent outside the project.
There were significant differences between the two samples under study (in the project & outside the project) at 0.01 level of significance. Which reflect the implementation effect of the project.
The main obstacles facing the respondents regarding implementation of sustainable agricultural practices were: lack of knowledge about the practice, lack of requirement, and lack of extension information about practices.
All the independent variables of this research explained about 23.2% of the variation in the knowledge degree about sustainable agriculture.
The results indicated the importance of sources of information, and attitude towards barriers of using pesticides as the more effective variables in the knowledge degree about sustainable agriculture
The main objective of this research was to study the educational impacts of the project of integrating population and environment education in agricultural extension in the field of sustainable agriculture in Ariamon village, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, through achievement the following specific objectives: (1) Determining knowledge levels of respondents related to sustainable agriculture practices, (2) Determining the respondents implementation level of sustainable agriculture practices, (3) identifying the obstacles facing respondents regarding implementation sustainable agriculture practices, (4) Studying the correlation and regression relationships between knowledge degree of the respondents and the studied independent variables, (5) Studying the correlation and regression relationships between the respondents implementation degree and the studied independent variables.
A well prepared and pretested questionnaire was used to collect data of this research through personal interviews from two systematic random samples, one of them amounted to 120 respondents from Ariamon village (the project was implemented in) and the other amounted to 96 respondents from Taifa village (outside the project).
Percentages, frequencies, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient, multiple correlation and regression analysis (step-wise) were used to analyze data statistically.
2009
12
01
197
214
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158968_c86296adad646eca23a67174448dea32.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Knowledge Level and Opinions of University Youth About Multipurpose Functional Furniture Units Goodness in Furnishing Limited Area House
Magda
kh. Gaballah
The main objective of this research was to identify knowledge and opinions for sample of university youth concerning goodness of multipurpose functional furniture units in furnishing limited area house to overcome of its problems, this through consultation their opinions about its characteristic goodness in meeting usage, aesthetical, social, cultural, and economical needs for them and their families, according to practical using of these units. Also, consultation their opinions about using them. In furnishing their today rooms and future houses. A prejudice simple random sample consisting of 138 students (male and female) in the university, education stage, from Academic colleges of Alexandria University, their ages ranges from (17-30) years old, and they live in their family houses and are not married. A questionnaire by personal interview was used to collect research data and catalog of some multipurpose functional furniture units to consultation opinions about them. Percentages, averages, standard, division,. Correlation coefficients and multiple regression were used as statistical means through SPSS program.
The most important results concluded from this study were:
- knowledge Level of majority (73%) male students and two third approximately (63%)of female students was medium, and there wasn't significant statically difference between them in this level.
- There were not any multipurpose functional furniture units used in furnishing for over half of houses (52%, 54%) for male and female students respectively.
- Total numberof multipurpose functional furniture units used was ranged from (2-5) units for majority (73%) male students against (61%) for female students, and there wasn't significant statically difference between them in this number.
- The evaluation degree of characteristic goodness for multipurpose functional furniture units in meeting functional needs of university youth and their families, was medium for the most majority (86%) of male students against the majority (71%) of female students, and there was not significant statically difference between them in this evaluation degree.
- The most majority of research sample (95%, 93%) from male and female students respectively prefer using multipurpose functional units that made of natural wood in furnishing their today rooms and future houses.
- The most majority of sample (94%, 96%) from male and female students respectively referred to existence problems concerning using multipurpose functional furniture units in furnishing in Egyptian society, the most repeated problems mentioned were, the units do not exist plenty in the markets, their designs, colors and finishes aren't suitable, limitation of their types and aesthetic is less than classic furniture. The last problem was mentioned by female students more than male students.
- There was a positive significant correlation between each of the head family and housewife age as two independent variables and knowledge level of male students as a dependent variable.
- There was a negative significant correlation between rooms number as an independent variable, and the knowledge of female students as a dependent variable.
- There was a negative significant correlation between each of the head family age, marriage years number of two parent, ages average of brothers and sisters, rooms number, of the house as independent variables, and goodness degree of furniture units characteristic as a dependent variable. Also, there was a positive significant correlation between the last variable and the number of family members as independent variable, and that was present in the case of male students.
- There was a negative significant correlation between each of the head family and house wife age as two independent variables, and goodness degree of furniture units characteristic as a dependent variable. And there was a positive significant correlation between the last variable and the housewife educational level, as an independent variable. Also there was significant relationship between goodness degree of furniture units characteristic and each of the house wife work status and furniture type used in the house, as two independent variable according to chi-square values, and that was presented in the case of female students.
-There was a positive significant correlation between each of the head family age, marriage years number of two parents, and ages average of brothers and sisters and their educational level, as independent variables, and furniture units total number used as a dependent variable. Also, there was a positive significant correlation between the last variable and each of the number of family members and crowdedness average (personal/ room) as two independent variables. In addition, there was significant relationship between furniture units total number used as a dependent variable, and each of the house and furniture type used as two independent variables, and that was presented in the case of male students.
- There was a positive significant correlation between total number of furniture units that used in furnishing, as a dependent variable, and goodness degree of their characteristic, as a medium variable and that was presented in the case of female students
-Two variables explaining (23%) of variance in the knowledge level of male students were, the head family and housewife age.
- One variable explaining (6%) of variance in the knowledge level of female students was, the rooms number of the house.
- Two variable explaining (76.8%) of variance in the goodness degree of furniture units characteristic was the housewife educational level and that was presented in the case of male students.
- One variable explaining (63.2%) of variance in the goodness degree of furniture units characteristic was, the housewife educational level, and that was presented in the case of female students.
-Three variables explaining (73.4%) of variance in the total number of furniture units using in furnishing were, their characteristic goodness degree, rooms number of the house and average ages of brothers and sisters and that was presented in the case of male students.
-Two variables explaining (62.5%) of variance in the total number of furniture units used in furnishing were, their characteristic goodness degree and furniture type used, and that was presented in the case of female students.
The most important recommendations that the research achieved were spreading an awareness among respondents by using multipurpose functional units in furnishing limited area house through audio visual and reading media, also through periodical furniture exhibitions. In addition, interesting to increasing the goodness of furnisher units which are produced in the local Egyptian markets. Also connection between preferences of youth and industrialization of furniture in integrally with policy housing of projects which are building for that youth in the new cities.
2009
12
01
215
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https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158969_6454ecd4a378d548656e891a1669e0c8.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2008
29
October-December
Monitoring the Quality of Groundwater Resources at Tajouraa, Lybia
Abdulaziz
A.M
Ekhmaj
A.I
Abokhder
S. A
This study was conducted in Tajoura area. It is aimed to identify the effect of some pollutants on groundwater quality and to evaluate its suitability for drinking and irrigation. The results of this study were compared with those obtained by previous one which was carried out 10 years ago for the same wells and also with the standard of Libya 1992. To achieve the objectives of the study, 35 samples of groundwater were collected from wells within the selected area during April 2008. For comparison purposes, one sample was taken from the wastewater treatment plant lagoon. Many chemical and biological analysis have been performed. The chemical analysis was carried out to determine the Electric conductivity (EC), pH, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Na+ , K+, Ca+2, Mg+2, Cl-, HCO3-, SO4-2 , NO3-, Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) and Residual Sodium Carbonate ( RSC). Heavy metals like, Pb ,Cr, Fe, Cu , Zn , Ni and Cd were also determined. The biological analyses were also performed
to investigate the presence of Total Coliform andEscherichia coli in the water samples.
The results showed that most of the study area is highly affected by the wastewater and seawater intrusion. In addition, the results proved that the concentration of Total Dissolved Solid increases towards the north whereas it reached to more than 3400 mg/l in some water samples. It has been noted that some water samples are chemically suitable for drinking and irrigation usage. On the other hand, the highly presence of Total coliform and Escherichia coli in the water indicated that the wells were exposed to sanitation which emerged from wastewater. The water samples which taken from Bir Austa Milad area were found to be suitable for drinking and irrigation according to Libyan standards 1992.. Such results revealed that Bir Austa Milad area located quite faraway from the indicated pollution sources.
2009
12
01
260
280
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158970_133f9cefd9a35dc188a18d05947e477a.pdf