2024-03-28T14:13:41Z
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=409
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
Physiological Response of Gladiolus Plants to Amino Acid Tryptophan and Mineral Fertilization in the New Reclaimed Lands
A. H.
El-Naggar
Z.A.
Abd El-Hafez
Two field experiments were carried out during two successive seasons of 2008/09 and 2009/10 for evaluating the response of gladiolus plant (Gladiolus gandavensis cv.Rosesupreme) to four concentrations ofamino acid "tryptophan" at 0.00, 50, 100 and 200 ppm as pre-soaking of corms for 24 hr and four rates of mineral fertilization NPK (19:19:19) at 0.00, 0.25, 0.50 and1.0% at three times as foliar spray. The obtained data showed that pre-soaking of gladiolus corms with tryptophan alone and/or in combination with different rates of mineral NPK, stimulated the vegetative growth characteristics, flowering parameters and production of corms and cormels. The best results of studied parameters were obtained by using 200 ppm of tryptophan treatment with 0.50 and/or l.0% foliar fertilization NPK (19:19:19). Moreover, the results indicated that amino acid "tryptophan" at 200 ppm with mineral fertilization at 1.0% gave the highest values of chemical composition parameters( the total chlorophyll (a+b), mineral contents of leaves and total carbohydrates in the new corms).
flowering bulbs
amino acid
tryptophan
foliar fertilizers
mineral fertilizer
Gladiolus
2011
09
01
275
287
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_157846_afbd75e90c52b0ecaf752ea209fbd121.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
Postharvest Application of Ozone and Calcium Chloride to Control of "Anna" Apple Fruit Mold during Cold Storage
Naglaa
M.Yassin
Diaa
O.EL-Ansary
Enas
A.Tayel
Awad
M. Hussein
The present study were carried out on"Anna" Apple fruits in two successive seasons 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of postharvest treatments CaCl2 dip for 2 min, O3 application in storage conditions of 4°C and 85-90% RH on fruit decay. It was found that ozone treated fruits had higher weight loss than that of the control. However, but the differences were not significant. Skin color improved as the anthocyanin pigment concentration increased, O3 treatment significantly changes fruit skin color. CaCl2 a treated fruit was the firmest and had the highest soluble solids content. Generally, fruit acidity decreased during storage period. O3 and CaCl2 treatments reduced decay in apple fruits.
2011
09
30
288
294
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2632_5c4b7a4205cf734b9cc7737fcabd526d.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
Protease and Lipase Activities of Pseudomonas Spp. Isolated from Pasteurized Milk
Hoda
Mahrous
Raw milk deteriorates in only a few days even when stored under refrigeration temperatures. Moreover,pasteurized and refrigerated milk has a shelf life of 7 to 10 days. Psychrotrophic bacteria have been recognized as a recurring problem in refrigerated storage and distribution of perishable food products. This study was performed to isolate, characterize and evaluate the prevalence of Pseudomonas spp. in pasteurized milk. Thirty five pasteurized milk samples were collected aseptically from different dairy shops, supermarkets and groceries in different areas in Sadat city, Menuofiya Governorate, Egypt and analyzed for total viable count and Pseudomonas spp. occurrence. Pseudomonas aeruginosa found to be the predominant from the Pseudomonas spp. followed by Pseudomonas fluorescens. The total viable count ( cfu per ml) average ± SD were 3.50× 104 cfu /ml ± 0.085. Out of ten Pseudomonas species isolates were examined to its proteolytic and lipolytic activity, two isolates had proteolytic activity, while three had lipolytic activity and five isolates had both.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas fluorescens
proteolytic and lipolytic activity
2011
09
30
295
299
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2633_5e74836b2d4d0398b06416e06d6961e5.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
Histopathological Changes Induced by Metaldehyde in Eobania vermiculata (Müller 1774)
Yasser
Abo Bakr
Metaldehyde is a specific molluscicide for terrestrial snails and slugs. Histopathological changes induced bymetaldehyde in the terrestrial snail E. vermiculata were investigated by light microscopy in order to study itscellular toxicity. Alterations in digestive gland included cellular infiltration, destruction of intertubular connective tissue, and extensive vacuolation in the cytoplasm of digestive cells. Degeneration and necrosis in the lining epithelium of the digestive tubules were also noticed. Irregular thickening in the outer covering muscular layer, thinning of basal layer, atrophy and degeneration of mucous cells were the most observed changes in dart gland. The histological alterations in the kidney were degeneration of nephrocytes, and an increase in the number and size of concretions in nephrocytes. Metaldehyde showed cytotoxic effects in all tested organs, that in turn leads to failure of the digestive, reproductive and excretory systems.
metaldehyde
Eobania vermiculata
Digestive gland
dart gland
kidney
2011
09
30
300
310
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2634_227272fc510f3c5d630bcbc2daeb41b3.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
Effect of Pulse Trickle Irrigation on Soil Moisture Distribution Patterns, Irrigation Efficiencies and Sunflower Productivity in Sandy Soils
Allam
Kh. A.
Mahmoud
H. M.
M.Y.
Adly
Two successive growing seasons of sunflower production were conducted at Yashaa village Al-Intlaq, West Delta, Egypt during 2009 and 2010 for evaluating either soil moisture distribution patterns or sunflower yieldunder pulse irrigation technique. The split plot design with 4 replicates was used to achieve the study objectives, main plots were frequency treatments (daily "D1", every 2 days "D2" and every 3 days "D3") and subplots as times events were pulse (P) (10 min on 10 min off) and continuous (C) irrigation treatments.Results indicated that the average amount of water was 3033.31 m3/fed for both treatments. Also there were no significant differences between the two irrigation techniques and the three irrigation period on saving applied water. The pulse trickle irrigation gave a good distribution of moisture content within the root zone, especially with irrigation every two days (D2) before and after irrigation during the different stages of plant growth. The pulsing trickle irrigation had the highest yield, and yield components. Also the lowest performance was obtained by the continuous treatment. The trend obtained indicates that every 2 days trickle irrigation might improve yields and yield components. The results revealed that the water use efficiency increased as the irrigation frequency increased from D1 to D2 with percent of 12.3 % thendecline for D3 with percent of 27.0 %. The results indicate that the application of pulsed irrigation led to improve the water storage efficiency in the effective root zone compared to the continuous irrigation,although the continuous irrigation led to improvement of efficiency in the depths away from the root zone and horizontal distances not far to the emitter. The results refer that there is no significant differences between daily irrigation D1 and irrigation every two days D2 but water storage efficiency, significantly decreased with irrigation every three days D3 under both pulsed trickle irrigation and continuous irrigation.
frequency
performance
Water requirement
yield components
storage efficiency
2011
09
30
311
325
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2635_746da3526955748be87f0456573af7e5.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
Regulating of Ripening and Maintaining the Quality of Banana Fruits Treated with 1- Mcp Exogenous Ethylene and Storage Temperature
Naglaa
M.Yassin
Enas
A.Tayel
Banana fruits Musa spp. were exposed to 1-MCP (1- methylcyclo propen) (0.01, 0.5, 1 ppm) treatments at 20°C for 24h and stored at 13°C and other banana fruits were exposed to 1-MCP (0.01,0.5, 1 ppm) treatments at 20°C for 24h with ethylene application and then stored at 20°C. Color, firmness, acidity, total soluble sugars (SSC) were determined. Fruits which treated with MCP (0.01, 0.5, 1 ppm) at 13°C and at 20ºC and those treated with MCP ethylene application had higher significant firmness. In the first season, the total soluble solids (SSC) showed in the fruit pulp were significant differences between fruits treated which MCP (0.01ppm) at 13°C and those treated with MCP (0.5 ppm) and ethylene and stored at 20°C and other treatments. MCP treated fruits (0.01, 1 ppm) and stored at 13°C had lower acidity in comparison with the other treatments. Moreover, fruits which treated with MCP and stored at 13°C and those treated with MCP and ethylene and stored at 20°C had higher total sugars as compared with the untreated fruits (control). Concerning reducing sugars, the fruits that treated with MCP (0.01 ppm) and stored at 13°C or 20°C in both seasons had significantly higher values, in the second season, the fruits which treated MCP(0.01, 0.5, 1 ppm) and stored at 13°C or 20°C had significantly higher values. In the meantime, the fruits which treated with MCP (1 ppm) and stored at 13°C and those treated with MCP (0.01, 0.5 ppm) and stored at 20°C, showed higher significant values of non-reducing sugars. Color index was obvious in the fruits which treated with MCP and ethylene at 20°C after 40 days of storage but fruits treated with MCP and stored at 13°C changed to yellowish after 50 days of storage and control fruits were changed after 20 days of storage.In both seasons, firmness and acidity no well decreased by the advancing of storage and non-reducing sugars decreased after 30 days of storage. While, weight loss, SSC, total sugars, reducing sugars, color were increased by the end of the storage at 13°C or 20°C.
2011
09
30
326
336
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2636_a737f2be8185959c969f0b7006bc985c.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
Composition and Acaricidal Activities of Rosmarinus Officinalis Essential Oil against Tetranychus urticae and Its Predatory Mite Phytoseuilus persimilis
Hany
K. Abd-Elhady
El-Zahi
S. El-Zahi
Searching for pesticidal activity of plant extracts with some known medicinal attributes could lead to thediscovery of new agents for pest control. The essential oil (EO) was extracted from aerial parts of Rosmarinus officinalis by hydrodistillation method and tested for its toxicity against adult females of two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) and its predatory mite Phytoseuilus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) under laboratory conditions. Exposure periods were 24, 48, and 72 h. The results indicated that adults of T. urticae were more susceptible to EO( LC50 ranged from 10.70 to 17.30 ml/L) than P. persimilis (LC50 ranged from 28.05 to 42.09 ml/L). Laboratory bioassay results indicated that the EO caused high mortality of spider mites with high fumigant and repellent activities. EO with the highest used concentration (10%) caused no phytotoxicity to some host plants of T. urticae (greenhouse-grown cotton, bean, tomato and cucumber). The chemical composition of hydrodistilled essential oil of R. officinalis was identified through GC/MS. The main constituents of the oil were 1,8-cineole (39.74%), camphor (22.76%), cis-ocimene (8.89%) and camphene (7.01%) which may provide the acaricidal properties against T. urticae. Results of the present study suggested that Rosmarinus officinalis entiaessl oil could be useful in promoting new agents for mite control from the medicinal plants.
Rosmarinus officinalis
essential oil
Acaricidal activity
Phytoseuilus persimilis
Tetranychus urticae
Chemical composition
2011
09
30
337
345
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2637_5a17b383dbd322b3dc299691256ff988.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
Efficiency of Mass Selection on Improving Characteristics of Native Radish (Raphanus sativus L.)
Abd-Allah
S. A. M.
Moussa
S. A. M.
This investigation was carried out at Sabahia Horticultural Research Station, Alexandria, during the winter seasons of 2007 till 2010. The genetic materials used in this study were three ecotypes of white balady radish; which were collected from Alexandria, Kafr El-Sheikh and Sohag governorates; to study the efficiency of two cycles of mass selection on the general behavior of some of their important characters. Moreover, some important genetic parameters were calculated for the studied characters; as well as the genotypic correlation coefficients among the studied characters; which would be helpful to plan an appropriate selection program. Wide differences were noticed among and within base populations of the used three balady ecotypes of white radish in most of the studied characters. The coefficients of variation values were higher than 25% in base populations of the three ecotypes for most characters. Mass selection was found to be effective on enhancing the studied character of the three ecotypes of white balady radish. Furthermore, mass selection method appeared also efficient in reducing coefficients of variation and the detected ranges of most of the characters became narrower. Mean squares of genotypes were found highly significant, only, for the three characters number of leaves, leaf shape and hairiness. The genotype × year component of variance did not reach the significance level in all studied traits. The insignificance of this componentindicated that the selected genotypes successes to posses the same general performance in all years of the test. The partitioning of the estimated variances into its their various components revealed that a large portion of variances of most studied traits of used radish ecotypes would be attributed differences in their genotypes. The estimated broad sense heritability values of the various studied characters reflected generally high estimates (> 80%) in most studied traits. Concerning genotypic correlation coefficients among the studied traits of the three radish genotypes, it was found that root weight was positively correlated with all other studied characters, except root shape index. Meanwhile, foliage weight was positively correlated with foliage length, number of leaves and root weight.
Radish
Raphanus sativus L
Mass selection
broad-sense heritability
correlation coefficient
2011
09
30
346
353
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2638_214c077168a6ea5cdb44c5bdf2dcf75e.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
Effect of Composted Organic and Mineral Fertilizers Mixture on Some Important Characters of Potato Plants Grown in Desert Land
Hala
Ahmed Abd El-Aal
Two field experiments were conducted at the Research Farm of the Environmental Studies and ResearchInstitute, Menoufiya University, Sadat City, Egypt; during the two winter seasons of 2006/2007 and 2007/2008. The objective of this investigation was to study the effects of two methods of composite of organic and mineral fertilizers mixture through , two systems of fertilizing, i.e., external compost with mineral fertilizers, external compost with bio-fertilizer; internal compost with mineral fertilizers; and internal compost with bio-fertilizer as well as the control; on some characters of potato tubers ofDiamont local cultivar. The obtained results indicated generally that the most important findings were as follows:- Plant height had the significantly highest value for the external compost with mineral fertilizer.-The four treatments under study did not vary significantly regarding plant fresh weight being significantly higher than the control.-Treatments of the external compost with mineral and biofertilizer and internal compost with bio-fertilizer gave highly significantly increment in tuber weight as compared to the control.-The significantly highest total yield (ton/fed) was achieved by treatment of external compost with mineral and bio-fertilizer.-Treatments of the external compost with bio-fertilizer and internal compost with bio-fertilizer gave significantly the highest tuber dry matter (%).- Starch and sugar content of tubers exhibited significantly different values due to the treatment applied and the season of growth.In conclusion, despite the superiority of the four treatments to the control, the treatment of externalcompost with mineral fertilizers was the best in terms of improvement the vegetative and yield properties. This treatment was followed by the treatment of external compost with bio-fertilizer.
2011
09
30
354
362
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2639_cc5e7cd6d5cafdaccb6dce4c165c0721.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
Effect of Folicote Antitranspirant and Irrigation Water Regime on Growth Characters of Sweet Potato(Ipomoea batatas, L.)Plants Grown In Sandy Soil
Hala Ahmed
Abd El-Aal Ahmed
Two field experiments were carried out on sweet potato plants (Beauregard cv.) during two successive growing summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 at the newly reclaimed area, at Sadat City, of the Environmental Studies and Research Institute Farm, Minufiya University, Minufiya Governorate, Egypt. The experiments were designed to evaluate the effect of 4 concentrations of the antitranspirant (Folicote), 4 rates of irrigation level and their interaction on some characteristics of sweet potato crop. The rates of irrigation level were 100 % (control), 85%, 70% and 55% of potential evapotranspiration. The concentrations of Folicote were 15%, 10%, 5% and 0% (v/v). The results obtained showed that tuber root yield/plant and total tuber root yield decreased gradually with decreasing the amount of irrigation rates. The same trend was also recorded regarding tuber root yield with the Folicote concentrations. The interaction between irrigationrates and Folicote concentrations was highly effective on tuber root yield character only in the first season. Water use efficiency exhibited the highest value at 85% and 70% irrigation rates in the first season of the study. Two vegetative characters, i.e. plant length and foliage fresh weight were affected by both irrigation rates and Folicote spraying concentrations. The interaction was significantly effective only in the first season of the study. Non-reducing sugars and starch percentages were positively affected by the interaction between the irrigation rates and Folicote concentrations during the second season of the study.In this respect, foliar spray with Folicote, at 15% level can be applied as a foliar three times to the growing sweet potato plants in arid or semi-arid areas to save 15% of the recommended irrigation water and to improve the productivity of the growing sweet potato crop.
2011
09
30
363
371
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2640_e85548a2400706a77903da99088f01d3.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
Effect of Mycorrhiza Inoculation on Phosphate Fertilization Efficiency of Soils Cultivated with Tissue Cultured Date Palm Trees
M. Almadini
M. Almadini
Ahmed
A. Al-Omran
The aim of this current study was to evaluate the growth and absorption of phosphorus (P) by tissue cultured date-palm offshot trees (cv. Khallas) grown in pots filled with cultivated soils inoculated with mycorrhiza (Mycorrhiza Glomus) and supplied with P from triple super-phosphate (TSP) or rock phosphate (RP) with control treatments (uninoculated and unfertilized).
The obtained results showed that the roots of the tissue cultures trees were invaded after being inoculated with the mycorrhiza strains of LPA21 and LPA22. Also, the mycorrhiza inoculation caused significant increases in growth traits of the inoculated tissure cultured date-palm trees represented by the length as well as the fresh and dry weights of both the stems and roots as compared to the uninocluated trees. Also, it was found that application of phosphate fertilizers caused significant increases in growth characters of these trees in comparison with the control treatment (unfertilized). The values of the length of stems and roots as well the fresh and dry weights of stem and roots were significantly higher with the application of TSP than with the RP.
The obatined results also showed that there were positive interaction effects between inoculation with both strains and appliaction of phosphate fertilizers on growth and phosphorus contents in the stems and roots of the tissue cultured date palm trees. The inocultaed trees absorbed more isotops phosphorus from the soils than the uninoculated trees. It can be recommended to take into considrations the appropriate selection of the mycorrhiza strain when used for inoculation in oredr to assure its utilization success for the tissue cultured date palm trees. Also, it is favorable to use of the more readily available phosphate fertilizers with the mycorrhiza inoculation particularly for cultivated soils characterized by its high P fixation capacity resulting from their high calcium carbonate contents as those in the Al-Hassa Oasis and KSA in general. Nonetheless, the use of RP is potentially feasible.
Myorrhiza
biological fertilization
phosphorus
triple superphosphate
Rock Phosphate
fertilization efficiency
date-palm trees
tissue culture
2011
09
01
146
161
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_152233_830e7a7b501f6e8d7a9ad03dfec53164.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
A Study of False Beliefs of RuralWomen in some Areas of Family Life in A Village- Gharbia Governorate
Abeer
Abd El Sattar Allam
The main objective of the study was identifying false beliefs of rural women in five areas of family life in a village, Gharbia Governorate.
Nawag village, Gharbia Governorate was chosen for field study A systematic random sample of rural women was selected – It was 216 respondents.
Data were collected by personal interview.
Frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, T– Test, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze data.
The main findings of the study may be summarized as follows:
1- level of faith of false beliefs of respondents was high or medium for each nutrition, envy, marriage, mother and child eare and for all areas. It was 95% , 80% , 50% , 60% , and 83%.
2-There were significant positive bivariate relationships between faith of false beliefs in each area of the five studied areas and the total areas and each of age, in formal social participation and leadership. But the relationships were negative between the dependent variables and each of level of education Urban contact, mass media exposures level of living, and level of aspiration.
3-There were significant differencies between respondents in faith of false beliefs in each area of the five areas studied and the total areas when they were classified according to marital status, work status and occupation. But when they were classified according to family type there were significant differencies between respondents in nutrition and marriage areas only.
4- Level of education made significant contribution in explaining the variance in the dependent variable in three areas and total areas. Age made significant contributions in explaining the variance in the dependent variables in three areas only Marital status made significant contributions in explaining the variance in the dependent variable in tow area and total areas. Each of occupation, urban contact, in formal Social participation and community made significant contributions in explaining the variance in the dependent variable in one area only and total areas.
Each work status, mass media exposure and leadership made significant contributions in explaining one area only.
2011
09
01
162
175
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_152237_84e47cd74082bf14c9303b3647b04777.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
An Analytical Study of Some Determinants of Age at Marriage of Females in Two Egyptian Villages
Amany
El-Sayed
Khaled
El-Feel
Amany
Eid El-Zagary
This study aimed mainly at identifying some of the variables affecting the age at marriage among rural women, through some sub-goals, which include recognition of the right age for marriage from the viewpoint of the respondents and age at marriage, and the relationships between each of them with some variables under study.
The study was conducted in two villages in Behira governorate, which are Psontway and Abu Kdhir in Abo Hommos district with a sample of 158 wives who represent about 25% of wives who are as young as 30 years old, 105 of them from Psontway And 53 from Abu Kdhir. Data were collected by a questionnaire through personal interview. Variety of statistical techniques were applied in data analysis and hypotheses testing.
Major findings of the study can be summarized as follows:
1- 27.2% of respondents considered the right age of marriage 14-18 years old, 65.2% of them considered it as 19-23 years old, while 7,6% thought it is 24-28 years old.
2- Results of correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between the educational level of the respondent and economic level of the family on
the one hand, and the right age for marriage on the other hand. Results also showed negative correlation between family size and the right age for marriage.
Results of regression analysis indicated that only variables of family size and economic level of the family had significant effect on the right age for marriage from the point of view of the respondents. They contribute to 14% of its variation.
3 - 81% of the respondents married at an age less than 20 years old, 16.5% were married at the age of 20-24 years, and only 2,5% were married at the age of 25-30 years.
4 - Results of correlation analysis showed significant relationships between each of educational level of the respondent, right age for marriage from her point of view, educational level of the father, profession of the father, educational level of the husband, profession of the husband, and the economic level of the family on the one hand, and age at marriage on the other hand. Results also showed the existence of a negative correlation between family size and age at marriage.
Results of regression analysis showed that variables of the right age for marriage from the view point of the respondents, profession of the husband, family size and economic level of the family had a significant effect on age at marriage and contribute to 28% of its variation.
2011
09
01
176
190
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_152239_c6504c7e2b1cd3ff594524d3fa19cf3a.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
A Study of Farmer’s Attitudes towards the Contract Faming In El-Bostan Area, -Al-Noubaria Region
Adel
El-Ghannam
Amir
Abdalla
The contract farming is one of the productive models that aiming to overcome the problems of traditional agriculture, specifically; the financial needs, the lack of technical experience, the availability of agricultural inputs and marketing risks throughout the insurance programs, long term marketing agreements, internal and external marketing opportunities and systems of risk management. Accordingly: the main objective of this study is to studythe farmer’s attitudes towards the contract faming at El-Bostan villages.
The study was executed in the El-Bostan area; El-Noubaria region, at Abass El- Akkad, Tawfik El-Hakim and Metwally El-Sharawy villages and the data were collected by personal interviews employing a designed questionnaire from 124 respondents randomly selected. To study the farmer’s attitudes towards the traditional agriculture, farmer’s attitudes towards the contract faming farmer’s attitudes towards the procedures of contract faming. The data were statistically analyzed applying the descriptive percentage, frequencies,mean and Friedman test
The main findings of this study were:
1- Concerning the traditional agriculture, the majority of farmers have negative to neutral attitudes towards both the agricultural marketing problems (91% from the studied farmers ), problems of traditional agriculture (90%) and the problems of pre farming of traditional agriculture (82% )
2- Regarding the contract farming, the majority of farmers have positive to neutral attitudes towards both the applying and ensuring the contracting procedures between farmer and the marketer (96% of the farmers), the procedures of the farmer rights (89%), and each of providing the technical experience and reducing the risks marketing (87% ).
3- In light of the studied results an applied framework was formulated including four dimensions as follows: securing the parties interests of contract farming, the services of technical and technological support, the improvement of agricultural marketing systems, internally and externally, and the accreditation standards of the agricultural production.
2011
09
01
191
205
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_152253_dfd9babd3735d0ea5af913337775408e.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
Work Constraints of Agricultural Extension Centers in Kafrelsheikh and Algharbieah Governorates
Hussein
Hagras
Mary
Mikhaiel
This research aimed to identify the work constraints of agricultural extension centers in Kafrelsheikh and Algharbieah governorates related to its abilities, equipment, extension workers, the targets of their work, their relationship with organizations involved in work, fields & activities of the work, and to identify significant differences between the average degrees of responses of the respondents in two studied governorates for each of these constraints, Data were collected during March and April 2011 by using personal interviewing questionnaire from random sample amounted to 113 respondents were determined according to table of sample of Krejcie and Morgan, they are 58 respondents from Kafrelsheik governorate and 55 respondents from Algharbieah governorate, from the population which amounted to157 of the extension workers in agricultural extension centers in Kafrelsheik and Algharbieah governorates. Several Statistical tools such as: the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and (T) test were used to explain data statistically.
The most important results of this study were as follow:
1) The most important constraints related to the possibilities and equipment in the agricultural extension centers: The absence of periodical maintenance of the installations of the extension centers, followed by the lack of advances for purchase manuals or some of the requirements of extension centers work, and absence of updated extension centers.
2) The most important constraints related to agriculture extensionists in the agricultural extension centers: non-motivate staff of agriculture extensionists in the agricultural extension centers, followed by weakness of the spirit of cooperation between the staff works in the agricultural extension centers, And misguided promotion opportunities available to staff works in the agricultural extension centers.
3) The most important constraints related to target from works of agricultural extension centers: The weak of economic situation of most farmers, followed by the need for farmers to focus on the demonstration and weakness of the Center's ability to meet it, then the reluctance of farmers about the extension centers his inability to provide some agricultural inputs.
4) The most important constraints related to relationship of agricultural extension centers with relevant organizations work on: the lack of coordination or cooperation between the agricultural extension and Irrigation Engineering of the work of extension programs, irrigation work, followed by lack of coordination or cooperation between the Centre and the Bank of the village to work programs, agricultural economic, and lack of coordination or cooperation between the center points of the provision of agricultural inputs .
5) The most important obstacles related to areas and activities of the work of counseling centers: lack of supervision and follow-up agricultural extension the activities of extension in agricultural societies under the scope of its work, followed by the scarcity of outreach activities for rural youth, and lack of supervision and follow-up agriculture extensionists in agricultural extension center workers in agricultural associations subject to the scope of work.
6) There was no significant difference between means of degrees of the respondents on both studied governorates in the constraints related to the following: The possibilities and equipment of agricultural extension center, And agricultural extensionists in agricultural extension center and the target of the work in agricultural extension centers, and the relationship of agricultural extension with relevant organizations work, and fields and work activities of agricultural extension centers.
2011
09
01
206
222
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_152256_5f3cbdd5d500ff3fb7e9414ec83beb78.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
Study the Effect of Ph Degree and Concentration of Copper Sulphate on Stevia rebaudiana Which Propagated in Vitro
Omar
A.A.
Barakat
A.
This research was conducted on Stevia rebaudiana which propagated in vitro to study the effect of pH on propagation, plant growth, rooting and to determine the optimum pH of the media.
The research aimed to determine the concentration of copper sulphate in the media after determining the best pH.
MS media (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) was used in all stages of the experiment and different pH (4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, and 5.8), in the second experiment used different concentrations of copper sulphate (0.10 µM, 0.15 µM, 0.20 µM and 0.25 µM), all the media were without hormones, the best media for the propagation, growth and rooting stevia rebaudiana was MS pH 4.5
Statistical analysis showed statistically significant superiority to the recipe the long of branches in MS pH4.5 the average of length was 8 cm also outperformed in the average number of branches and average length of roots. The study also demonstrated that the best concentration of copper sulphate in the media MSpH4.5 was 0.15 µM and statistical analysis showed that this concentration in the recipe the long and the number of branches and the number of roots at all concentrations has been shown that plant growth in MSpH4.5 and 0.15 µM concentration of copper sulphate was the best in all studied media that we get. The whole plant is ready for transfer and hardening in the greenhouse after 30 days of in vitro cultivation. All readings were recorded for both experiments after four weeks of in vitro cultivation in test tubes.
STEVA
MS
pH
CuSO
2011
09
01
223
230
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_152262_f2adbf673f312ed93838719d04f6ce8f.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2011
32
JULY- SEPTEMBER
The Role of Extension Leaders in Implementation the Participation Extension Approach in the Field of Rationalization Use of Irrigation Water in Kafrelsheik Governorate
Desoky
Alsaeedy
This research aimed to study the role of extension leaders in execution the participation extension approach in the field of rationalization use of irrigation water in Kafrelsheik governorate, through identifying performance of these respondents leaders for their roles in executing participation extension approach in the field of rational use of irrigation water, in addition to identification of associations relationship and influential between the independent variables studied and the degree of the performance of their roles in execution the participation extension approach in this field. To achieve the objectives of this research three districts were selected randomly. They are Riyad, Side Salem and Desouk from the governorate, from each of these districts it were selected three villages randomly too. Data were collected for this research through the questionnaire, personal interviews of random sample amounted to 114 of the local leaders representing 40% of the population research of these villages, who are amounted to 285 of rural local leaders. Some statistical methods were used in data analysis and interpretation of data, including: frequencies , percentages, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient of Pearson, coefficient of partial regression, and the model of regression analysis Multiple stepwise upward( step - wise) to determine more independent variables affecting in the dependent variable. The most important research results are as follows: 1- 56.1% of respondent's leaders were medium performance for their roles in execution the participation extension approach in the field of rationalization use of irrigation water There was an effect and significant correlation relationship between the studied independent and dependent variable at the level 0.01of significance, where the independent variable collectively explains 54.7% of the variance in the dependent variable. 3- The more independent variables effect on the dependent variable at level 0.01 of significance are: Number of training courses in field of rational use of irrigation water, degree of participation in the extension activities, Age of respondents, degree of the attitude towards the methods of rationalization use of water Irrigation and the degree of aspiration, where these variables alone explain 52.7% of the variance in the dependent variable. 4 - The results indicated that many of the problems facing local leaders, which limit their role in the field of rationalization use of water irrigation, the most important of them are: lack of interest of officials responsible for the water direction with the local extension leaders, and to involve them in solving problems related to the rationalization of the use of irrigation water, absence of coordination between agricultural extensionists and local leaders and farmers when doing the farmer to farmer extension in the field of rationalization use of irrigation water, lack of training courses for extension in local leaders in rationalization use of irrigation water ,and lack of knowledge the farmers with agricultural practices for rational use of irrigation water on the field level. Based on these results can be recommended to intensify training courses for leaders of local areas of research include how to implement the method of participation extension approach as one of the new extension entrances and approaches in the field of rational use of irrigation water through helpful the agriculture extensionists when implementation this method, in order to achieve communicate effectively among extension local leaders and farmers one the hand, on the other hand
2011
09
01
231
243
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_152263_ba8de56c87200e918f355b9ee2af8cb6.pdf