ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Assessment of Agronomic Traits and Sugar Content in Polyploid Plants of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
The present investigation was carried out at Sabbahia experimental station for sugar crops. The present investigation aims at inducing polyploidy in sugarcane (Sacharum officinarum) and to investigate its agronomic traits. Colchicine was used to produce polyploidy from three cultivars. These cultivars are: CP 36-13, CO 997 and POJ 287. Buds were treated with 0.05 % solution of colchicine. Treated segments were allowed to germinate until a shoot system length about 40 cm had reached. Plants were then transferred and allowed to grow in the yield. The growing plants were examined for polyploidy firstly by guard cells of stomata, chloroplasts, DNA content in leaves, and chromosomes from adventitious roots initiated in the laboratory. Physicochemical properties for chromatin and deproteinized DNA were estimated. Total soluble solids (T.S.S); plant height; plant diameters were estimated. The results showed that:- number of plastids in guard cells, vascular bundles shape, epidermal cells volume, physico chemical properties, and total soluble solid were proven that polyploid plants were obtained. The present study was capable in producing polyploidy in cultivar CP 36-13, and gave an average of 0.08 %, cultivar CO 997 gave 0.05 %, while for cultivar POJ 287 the study was not capable to produce polyploidy. Plastid number ranged between 9-16 plastids per each cell. The polyploidy plants had large cells, slow growth and large vascular bundles. Chemical composition analysis showed that, DNA, histones, non-histones from the polyploidy plants were increased while the T.m value for polyploidy plants was decreased at 260 nm whereas it was increased at 280 nm. It seems probable this difference was due to DNA under replication. Repressed fraction of genome was decreased in polyploid plants. So the active fraction of genome was increased in polyploid cultivars. With respect to agronomic characters an attempt was carried out to estimate some agronomic traits. Total soluble solids, plant height and plant diameter were increased in polyploidy cultivar. *The present study was capable to produce polyploid plants from cultivar CP 36-13 and CO 997, it was failed in producing polyploid plants from cultivar POJ 287.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2744_3524ce8f5e164aefc409ac6e82a97360.pdf
2013-03-01
1
8
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2744
Seehy.
M. A.
1
Genetics Dept., Faculty of Agriculture. Alexandria Univ.
LEAD_AUTHOR
A. E.
Khaled
2
Genetics Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha. Alexandria Univ.
LEAD_AUTHOR
H. F.
El-Wakil
3
Genetics Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha. Alexandria Univ.
LEAD_AUTHOR
M. A.
Ghoneima
4
Sugar crops Institute, Sabbahia, Alexandria. Agricultural Research Center.
LEAD_AUTHOR
A. M.
El-Sheikh
5
Sugar crops Institute, Sabbahia, Alexandria. Agricultural Research Center.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Laboratory Evaluation of Some Essential Oils against Immature Stages of The Filarial Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera:Culicidae)
The larvicidal activity of four commercially available essential oils were tested on the 4th larval instar of Culex quinquefasciatus in the laboratory. These were the essential oils of Cinnamomum osmophloeum (cinnamon), Matricharia chamomella (chamomell),Nigella sativa(nigela) and Sesamum indicum (sesame) oils. The toxicity index, LC50 values, LC50 values were 26, 32, 82 and 26 ppm for cinnamon, chamomell, nigela and sesame oils, respectively after 48 hrs from treatment. All tested oils, at high concentrations, had high larvicidal toxicity. Furthermore, the increase of concentrations was directly proportional to reduction in pupation rates and adult emergence. Significant decrease in pupation rate was observed by cinnamon oil at 65 ppm. Adult emergence was 100% inhibited in cinnamon oil was used, especially at concentrations 50 and 6were5 ppm. The number of eggs/ female and eggs hatchability were also decreased by the application of all concentration of the tested oils. In addition, the tested plant oils exhibited various morphological abnormalities on larvae, pupae and adult stages The result from this study demonstrated that essential oil of cinnamon was the most potent oil and was the major cause of malformation of both larval and pupal stages.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2745_79d2c4e1e1cb324b5cd1564c2b9b55c1.pdf
2013-03-01
9
16
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2745
Culex quinquefasciatus
Cinnamomum osmophloeum
Matricharia chamomella
Nigella Sativa
Sesamum indicum
larvicidal activity
Morphological abnormalities
Essential oils
Abir A.
Gad
abir_gad@yahoo.com
1
Department of Applied Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture,Alexandria University, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Genotoxicity of Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) Extracts Employing A Variety of Short-Term Genotoxic Bioassays
Several short-term screening bioassays have been developed to detect mutagenic / carcinogenic potentiality of a substances especially that used as a food additive and or as a pharmaceuticals. At last decade jojoba extracts were widely used in cosmetics and in food additive as well . This work was planned to detect the possible genotoxic effect of jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) extracts, defatted of jojoba seed meal (DJSM), defatted jojoba seed meal extracts (DJSE) and jojoba (JO) as well as the ability of DJSM and DJSE in reducing the body weight and the ability of JO as well as olive oil (OO) for reducing blood cholesterol. In order to achieve such a purpose, forty animals of albino mice (Mus musculus 2n=40) were used and divided into eight groups. The doses of treatments were, 3% DJSM; 0.2 ml and 0.1 ml DJSE; 0.2 ml JO; 0.1 ml JO; 0.2 ml OO and 0.05 ml JO + 0.05 ml OO in combination. Results showed that both 3% of DJSM and (0.2ml; 0.1ml) DJSE were effective in reducing body weight compared to untreated control. Jojoba seed oil significantly reduced both total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein for all tested doses of JO and OO. In addition the in vivo study demonstrated that no significant increase in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) in the bone marrow of mice treated with DJSM, DJSE, JO or OO. The results obtained showed that oral administration of jojoba seed extracts at all doses did not caused a significant increase in either the percentage of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in mice bone-marrow (MN test) or in the percentage of DNA aberration %. These findings might indicate that jojoba seed extracts does not induce damage for DNA in vivo, and so it has not any genotoxic effect. These results concluded that jojoba seed meal and its oil are safe for human usage at the level of the present work.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2748_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
2013-03-01
17
24
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2748
Masrry.
A. M
1
Professor of Genetics, Department of Genetics faculty of Agriculture Alexandria University.
LEAD_AUTHOR
M. A,
Seehy
2
Professor of Genetics, Department of Genetics faculty of Agriculture Alexandria University.
LEAD_AUTHOR
M. A. M.
Elsaedy
3
Professor of Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Pathology Faculty of Agriculture Alexandria University.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abd-El maksoud,
S. H. A
4
Consultant Engineer and Manager of Area of El-Helb Pesticides and Chemicals Company.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Influence of Urbanization on Water Quality of Wadi El-Arab Catchment Area- Jordan
This research paper deals with the hydrological and hydrochemical and bacteriological characteristics of Wadi El-Arab catchment area. The study area covers an area of about 267 km2 and lies between 208 –230 East, and 210230 North (Palestine Grid). The outcropping rocks in the area are sedimentary rocks of the Upper Cretaceous, Lower Tertiary and Recent deposits. The average annual rainfall in the whole catchment area ranges between less than 200 mm to more than 800 mm. The runoff ranges between 1.44 million cubic meters (MCM) to 72.89 MCM. A dam was constructed on Wadi El-Arab catchment area in 1987, with a total capacity of about 20 MCM to collect flood and base flow for irrigation in the Jordan Valley area. There are more than 20 groundwater wells were drilled in the catchment area and six major springs; most of the wells water are used for irrigation purposes. The average discharge of the springs ranges between 0.81m3/h and 592.2m3/h and the yield of the wells range between 3 m3/h and 6000 m3/h. Water samples from the six springs and seven wells have been collected to study the influence of Irbid Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) effluent on the groundwater quality and to classify the water of springs and wells quality according to their chemical composition furthermore, to study the quality of the springs and wells chemistry and bacteriologically. The results show that the chemical constituents and physical parameters of the studied springs and wells are within the permissible limits according to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Jordan Standards, and they are suitable for domestic and drinking water purposes. The classification of springs and wells water based on hardness: all springs and wells are classified as very hard water. According to the U.S Salinity Laboratory Classification, the springs and wells water were classified into two groups: Barruqa, Wadi Zahar Springs and Wadi El-Arab Well (6) are classified as C2-S1 while other springs and wells are classified as C3-S1. The bacteriological analyses indicate that the studied wells are non-polluted by total coliform and faecal coliform.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2749_90ca15f5ebaeea3be02c3fd991be62d1.pdf
2013-03-01
25
36
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2749
Hydrological
Bacteriological
El – Arab catchment
Groundwater
dam
Rakad A.
Ta&#;any
rakad.ayed@yahoo.com
1
Al-Balqa′ Applied University, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Dept. Water Resources and Environmental Management, Al-Salt, Jordan. Tel.: +962776361225 Fax: +96253530469
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Field Persistence of Some Novel Insecticides Residues on Cotton Plants and Their Latent Effects against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval)
New insecticides that exhibited high compatibility with environment components are very promising substitutes for control of the economic insects. Simi-field experiments were conducted on profenofos and four novel insecticides viz., spinosad, emamectin-benzoate, pyridalyl and indoxacarb to investigate their efficiency and the field persistence of their residues against 4th instar larvae of the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.), field strain via determination of Lt50 values. The recommended rates of these insecticides were sprayed on the foliage of cotton plants, var. Giza 86, in the field. Also, latent effects after feeding of larvae on sprayed leaves for 24 h were studied under laboratory conditions. Pyridalyl and emamectinbenzoate had significantly the most persistent residual activity with Lt50 values of 6.74 and 5.51days, respectively. Whereas, indoxacarb, spinosad and profenofos displayed inferior persistence periods translated in Lt50 values of 0.72, 1.33 and 1.55 days, respectively. The high efficiency of pyridalyl and emamectin-benzoate decreased gradually after spray causing 100, 100, 95, 87, and 72% larval mortality for pyridalyl and 100, 92, 88, 66, and 41% larval mortality for emamectin-benzoate after 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 days of spray, respectively. Two days post spray, the toxic effect of profenofos declined sharply recording 94, 60, 45, 30, and 10% larval mortality after 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 days of application, respectively. As the time after spray extended, the latent effects of the tested insecticides on survived larvae and consequent stages significantly decreased. Pyridalyl and emamectin-benzoate resulted in the superior latent effects even at the 6th day of spray; causing larval duration of 20.1 & 19.6 days, 20.4 & 42.6% normal pupae and 26.7 & 55.2% normal adult emergence, respectively comparing to the other treatments. These results indicated that novel insecticides had the potentiality to be promising substitutes of conventional toxicants for S. littoralis control under field conditions.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2750_8b4bd4035ddac35a84a60d9bfe212c09.pdf
2013-03-01
37
43
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2750
Cotton
Spodoptera littoralis
Novel insecticides
Field persistence
Residual activity
Latent effects
El-Zahi S.
El-Zahi
1
Plant Protection Res. Institute, Agricultural Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Monitoring P Efficiencies and Corn Yield by VAM and Sulfur Application in Calcareous Soils
Rare studies have been carried out on the use of Phytoavailability Soil Test (PST) using ion exchange resin capsules in calcareous soils. Resin capsules were used to monitor P efficiencies due to Vascular Arbscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) inoculation and sulfur application in calcareous soil. Surface soil samples (0-30 cm) were collected from Nubaria region. Corn was used as a test plant. The obtained data showed that RAQ-P (Resin Adsorption Quantity) value increased with increasing soil P supply. Generally, the highest concentration of available –P was obtained after 60 days of adding P. Also it is clear that the RAQ-P value decreased at the third time (after 45 days) relative to the first time (15 days). RAQ was higher in mycorrhizal corn plants than the non-mycorrhizal. Also increasing S levels significantly increased P-RAQ. The highest significant P-RAQ was recorded with the treatment of 100 kg P Fed-1 + O.M and 100kg S inoculated.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2968_39b5cc24cae1feee0fd5c9a5e6d0cb81.pdf
2013-03-01
44
54
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2968
Fatma K.
Sherif
1
Soil and water science dept. College of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
H.A.
El-Attar
2
Soil and water science dept. College of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hoda A.
Argeaa
3
Soil and water science dept. College of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Spiked Soils with Aflatoxin on Its Sorption and Bioavailability
The study was conducted to elucidate the sorption and bioavailability of aflatoxins mixture (B1, B2, G1, and G2) in two soils (clayey and sandy) differed in physicochemical properties under (un)treated soil with manure or urea fertilizer. Sorption and greenhouse experiments were designed for this purpose. Sorption isotherms were obtained using the batch equilibrium technique. The sorption isotherms fit the Freundlich adsorption equation according to the high R2 determination coefficients. In clayey soil, there was not detected aflatoxin concentration in soil-aqueous phase which referred to high sorption of aflatoxin in soil-solid phase, and all the aflatoxin disappearance from solution was referred to sorption reaction not for biodegradation. The high content of clay fraction in this soil could be the reason for this high sorption capacity. In sandy soil, the sorption isotherm data indicated high retention of aflatoxin in the soil. This sorption isotherm is characterized by H-type of Giles classification. When sandy soil was amended with manure, urea, or the both fertilizers, the amount of aflatoxin sorbed on sandy soil significantly decreased as expressed by decreasing Freundlich kd value which decreased from 774.46 to 9.00, 398.38, and 2.01, respectively. The results of sorption experiments showed that clayey soil rich in clay fraction can detoxificate this toxic compound in soil environmental system due to the high affinity between aflatoxin and clays. Greenhouse experiment showed undetected limit of aflatoxins in plant tissues of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and watercress (Eruca sativa) cultivated in the two studied soils.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2969_6a21fe3fe6cbff585a9c37c69e92464c.pdf
2013-03-01
55
62
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2969
Amel A.A.
Abo Hagger
1
Regional center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research center, Cairo, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamed L.
Moharem
mlmoharem@hotmail.com
2
Regional center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research center, Alexandria, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.A.
Atwa
3
Regional center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research center, Cairo, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
K.M.
Elmeleigy
4
Regional center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research center, Cairo, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prediction Soil Bulk Density and Moisture Constants Using Particle Size Distribution for Selected Libyan Calcareous Soils
The most developed Pedotransfer Functions (PTFs) for estimating the soil bulk density use data on soil texture and organic matter content as independent variables, as well as the majority published PTFs for predicting the soil moisture constants involved soil texture, bulk density, and organic matter as independent variables. On a regional scale as in Libya where the organic matter content is spare, as a result of the prevailed climatic conditions, the parameterization of these equations will be difficult. So, the objective of this work is studying the interrelations between soil texture and these parameters, and the possibility of access correlations for developing regression equations. For the purpose of estimating the bulk density and soil water constants from accessible routinely data such as soil texture as an independent variable, 46 soil samples were collected from Al Izzayat area ( Region of Al Jabal Al akhdar) as a training set , and 12 soil samples, as a test set from Mikilli area, which are characterized with the same environmental conditions to the training area. The obtained PTFs equations are characterized with highly satisfied predicted coefficients of determinations (R2p). The validation of these derived equations was done successfully with calculated coefficients of determination (R2). The R2 values were 93.8 % for field capacity, 92.2 %for bulk density, 91.3% for permanent wilting point, and 71.7% for available water capacity. These variations were more related to sand and silt contents rather than clay content in the investigated samples.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2970_f3e3016d3b0680a30270066f3ed9f6e1.pdf
2013-03-01
63
70
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2970
Ahmed Y.
Habel
1
Soil & Water Department, Faculty of AgricultureOmar Al Mukhtar University, El- Bieda - Libya
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Assessment of Self-Purification Capacity(Case Study: Mahmoudia Canal, Egypt)
The objectives of this paper are to study the effect of discharge of Zarqun drain into Mahmoudia canal on the natural self-purification along the canal stream and to suggest and simulate different scenarios to improve the water quality of the Mahmoudia canal system to safely discharge water of Zarqun drain into it. Natural selfpurification model based on oxygen sag curve introduced by Streeter and Phelps has been applied in two cases; the first is the current situation case, where no drainage water is discharging into the canal because of Edko Irrigation Pumping Station stops lifting drainage water from Zarqun drain into the canal. The second case provides additional safe reuse water through lifting drainage water from Zarqun drain into the canal using Edko Irrigation Pumping Station. The result of this case will determined the required canal length to achieve self-purification. Different scenarios will be designed to simulate different conditions of the water quality system improvement. The best scenario neeb aah stated and detailed and recommendations nave been done.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2971_bb7232231dbb044110aa06c9028f785a.pdf
2013-03-01
71
82
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2971
Mahmoudia canal
oxygen sag curve, dissolved oxygen deficit, natural self-purification
A.
Abukila
alaafg@gmail.com
1
National Water Research Center, Drainage Research institute, Egypt El-Qanater El-Khairiya post code:13621
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Geostatistical Analysis of Topsoil Clay and Hydraulic Conductivity Case Study from Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar Region
The present study aimed at applying cokriging to predict the values of the primary variable hydraulic conductivity, which is sparsely sampled and hard to measure, using the information content of topsoil Clay content, which is densely sampled and easy to measure, taking into consideration the fact that these two variables are correlated. Regression analysis of both clay percentage and hydraulic conductivity indicated a negatively highly correlated two variables, which satisfies the need to carry out cokriging analysis of hydraulic conductivity using the information content of clay %. The correlation coefficient for this analysis is -0.815. The semi-variogram for clay was fitted to the Gaussian model. While, the semivariogram for hydraulic conductivity was fitted to the Spherical model. The cross-semivariogram of clay and hydraulic conductivity is of the collocated type, which means that the estimation was performed using variables measured at the same location. The most important parameter in this estimation is the high R2 (0.76) obtained from the fitting process. This slightly high estimation regression coefficient comes helps in explain the spatial distribution of both variables. The advantage of cokriging over linear regression is that it takes into consideration the spatial variability of the surrounding points, rather than performing blindly the linear regression, which lacks this improvement.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2972_ad367db461d7fe7876d71d213dad3255.pdf
2013-03-01
83
92
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2972
geostatistics
semivariogram
cokriging analysis
Physical properties
spatial linear regression
Ahmed Y.
Habel
1
Soil & Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture – Omar Al Mukhtar University, El- Bieda - Libya
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Some Environmental Factors on Productive and Reproductive Performance of Egyptian Buffaloes
The study was carried out by the Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Saba Bache, Alexandria, Egypt. Buffaloes were reared at Trust Farm. The farm is located in Km 40 Alexandria-Cairo desert road after Ameria City. A trial was conducted to raise buffaloes in open sheds under routine managerial practice . The mean body weights of heifers at birth, weaning and first service, together with the high pre-weaning daily gain showed that the desert conditions did not exert adverse effects on it. The mean calving interval (403.6±2.6 days) was near to the ideal calving interval which permits nearly a calf every year. Total milk yield per lactation averaged 1600 ±11 kg. Such results indicated that the Egyptian buffaloes responded well to good managerial procedures. Year of calving affected significantly (P<0.001) first service weight, daily gain from weaning to first service and from birth to first service, days open and lactation period. Season of calving and parity effects were significant (P<0.001, 0.01 or 0.05) on most of the traits studied. Also, Dry period affected days open (p < 0.001), lactation length (p < 0.001) and total milk yield (p < 0.001), however dry period didn't significantly affect calving interval. Days open was the highest in dry period (121-150 and >150 days) and the lowest in dry period (< 60, 60-90 and 91 -120 days). Lactation length was the highest in dry period (60 -90 days) and the lowest in dry period (121-150 and >150 days). Total milk yield was the highest in dry period (60-90 days) and the lowest in dry period (>150days).
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2973_e6e58414564f7d7b0f09f8a7a5949001.pdf
2013-03-01
93
101
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2973
buffaloes
milk yield
reproductive performance
El- wakeel,
EL.A
1
Agriculture research center, Animal Research Institute, El-Dokki, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Eissa,
M.M
2
Agriculture research center, Animal Research Institute, El-Dokki, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abdelsalam
M.M
3
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby) Alexandria University.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ahmed,
M.H
4
Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha) – Animal Production Department, Alexandria University.
LEAD_AUTHOR
El -Rewany,
A.M
5
Agriculture research center, Animal Research Institute, El-Dokki, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impact of Certain Pesticides on Urease and Dehydrogenase Enzymes in Soil during the Cotton Bollworms Control
The present study was carried out on soil cultivated with cotton variety Giza 70 during the season of 2011 to determine the side effects of certain pesticides i.e.; chlorpyrifos, profenofos, cypermethrin and alphacypermethrin which were used against the cotton bollworms on soil enzymes of urease and dehydrogenase. Three sprays for each insecticide were done and the spraying is carried two weeks after the previous spray. The average of urease activity for the three sprays were expressed as unconverted urea to NH4-N (%).The results showed high enzyme activity in all treatments, while, the mean enzyme activity was significantly decreased after treatment with profenofos. For the average of enzyme dehydrogenase activity for the three sprays that expressed part per million (ppm) Formazan were determined. The results showed higher enzyme activity after application with chlorpyrifos, while, the activity was significantly decreased after application with Cypermthrin and profenofos, but, alphacypermethrin had mild effect on the enzyme. It concluded that profenofos reduced urease and dehydrogenase activities. While cypermthrin decreased dehydrogenase activity . On the other hand, chlorpyrifos increased urease and dehydrogenase activities.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2974_6517da241362bffecfb3528b050ff9e4.pdf
2013-03-01
102
105
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2974
EL-Naggar,
A.Z
1
Plant Protection Res., Institute Agric. Res. Center, Alex., Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Pedotransfer Functions for Estimating ESP & SAR for Arid Soils in the Eastern Region of Libya
Most of the applied methods to determine the Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) and Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) are time consuming and sometimes expensive, especially in calcareous soils, due to the dissolving of CaCO3 and Mg CO3 during the chemical analysis and then erroneously driving to an increase of Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) value. To work around these problems, many researchers have developed Pedotransfer Functions (PTFS ) as an attempt to estimate these parameters from easy-to-obtain some soil characteristics such as Electrical Conductivity (EC). In this work, linear regression models using the EC as a predictor for estimating the ESP and SAR were developed with high recommended determination coefficients. In order to validate these models, they were applied to estimate ESP and SAR from EC for 26 soil samples collected from AlJabal Al-Akhdar in the eastern region of libya. The paired samples t-test analysis of these compared samples showed no significant difference between the laboratory measurements and those estimated by the regression models.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2975_bc5086aedb10f11eb6f323d28714d61e.pdf
2013-03-01
106
112
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2975
Exchangeable Sodium Percentage
Sodium Adsorption Ratio
electrical conductivity
PTFS
Libya
Ahmed Y.
Habel
1
Soil & Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture – Omar Al Mukhtar University, El- Bieda - Libya
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Nutritive and Nonnutritive Sweeteners on the Quality of Biscuits
Biscuits were prepared by replacing sucrose with dietetic sweeteners fructose, sorbitol, mannitol and stevia. Physical studies of biscuits revealed that replacement of sucrose with mannitol decreased greatly the width from 5.10 cm to reach 4.95 cm. The thickness was increased from 0.40 cm in T1 (sucrose) to 0.48 cm in T5 (sorbitol). Maximum spread factor (13.15 cm) was obtained in T1 (sucrose), while the lowest spread factor was 9.71 cm in T5 (sorbitol). Sensory evaluation of the biscuits was evaluated at different time of storage (30, 60 and 90 days) to find the best treatment for commercialization. The results pertaining to sensory evaluation of biscuits indicated that the color, odor, texture and after taste gave the best score in T1 (sucrose) at 0 days and the taste have its high score after 30 days of storage, while the worst score of taste, odor and texture was in T2 (fructose) after 90 and 30 days of storage. The worst score in color and after taste was in T4 (mannitol) and T3 (stevia), respectively after 60 and 90 days of storage. The chemical analysis of biscuits showed moisture, crude protein, crude fat, ash and carbohydrates contents were ranging from 3.17 – 4.53%, 6.619 – 6.769%, 16.90 – 17.95%, 0.60 – 0.97% and 71.51 – 70.17%, respectively. The replacement of sucrose with dietetic sweeteners decreased the calorific value. Highest calorific value (474.67 Kcal/100g) was observed in T1 (sucrose), while the lowest calorific value (459.54 Kcal/100g) was attained by T3 (stevia).
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2977_0cb83ae0e8cbf4241eb1eb78c6117343.pdf
2013-03-01
113
120
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2977
biscuits
Quality
Sweeteners
Dietetic
Storage
Sally S.
El-Sayed
1
Nutrition. Dept., High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Neveen F.
Agamy
2
Nutrition. Dept., High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Estimation of Genetic Variance and Broad Sense Heritability for Sugarcane
The present study carried out at Giza Agricultural Research Station, Giza, Egypt during 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 seasons. Five sugarcane genotypes (G.T.54-9, G.84-47, G.74–96, G.98-28 and G.98-24) conducted for estimating the broad sense heritability, genetic, environmental and phenotypic variances for yield, yield components and some quality characteristics. The obtained results showed that G.98-28 genotype gave the highest value of stalk diameter, while G.84-47 genotype surpassed the other four genotypes in the number of millable cane/m2, millable cane length, cane and sugar yields/fed in both seasons as well as Brix, sucrose, and sugar recovery percentage in second season. Meanwhile, genotype G.98-24 recorded the highest values of Brix, sucrose, and sugar recovery percentage in 1st season. Broad sense heritability was found to be ranged from 91.1% for cane yield and millable cane diameter to 59.4 % for number of millable cane. The results revealed that the broad sense heritability shown to be high. The genetic variance ranged from 0.2 for millable cane diameter to 82.91 for millable cane highest. The genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV %) for the studied characteristics ranged from 3.84 calculated for millable cane highest to 28.67 for sugar yield. The phenotypic coefficient of variations (PCV %) ranged from 4.72 % for millable cane highest to 31.8 for sugar yield. Therefore, the improvement of breeding program for high number of millable canes, cane yield and sugar yield will be more effective than that for increasing cane yield. The present study suggests that sugar cane genotype improvement will have genetic advance in number of millable canes, cane yield and sugar yield than that cane yield.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2978_1426373691f97eb01492825540999e25.pdf
2013-03-01
121
127
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2978
Khaled,
K. A. M.
1
Genetic and Breeding Department, Sugar Crops Res. Inst., ARC Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
M. S.
Saleh
2
Genetic and Breeding Department, Sugar Crops Res. Inst., ARC Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
E.A.M.
Amer
3
Genetic and Breeding Department, Sugar Crops Res. Inst., ARC Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Some Pesticides, Sugarbeet Cultivars and Their Interaction on Population Density of Tortoise Beetle Cassida Vittata Vill and some Characters of Sugarbeet Cultivars at Nubaryia and Damanhour Region
The present study was conducted at the experimental farm Nubariya Agricultural Research Station, West Nubariya and Damanhour (Hafs village), Al Behera Governorate during the two successive seasons, 2010/2011 and 2011/2012, to study the susceptibility of seven sugarbeet cultivars three multigerms and four monograms to infestation with tortoise, beetle Cassida vittata Vill, and their yield and quality characteristics. The seven sugarbeet cultivars (four monograms Helsinki, Ravel, MK2134 and Sible and three polyograms cultivars Oscar poly, Gazella and Lilly) used in this study. Besides the of the three pesticides (Radiant SC © 12%, Mospilan© 20% SP and Dursban© H 48% EC) for reducing population density of beetle. The population fluctuations of C.vittata (larvae and adults) numbers were increasing whenever plants became bigger. Combined analysis over seasons and location demonstrated that the Helsinki cultivar was more resistant to larvae and adults of C.vittata. But Sible cultivar was more sensitive to tortoise beetle C.vittata (51 larvae and adults /plants). The seven cultivars can be arranged cultivars ascending order at harvest crop, according to attract cultivars of tortoise beetle as follow: Helsinki, Mk 2134 , Gazella, Ravel, Lilly, Oscar poly, and Sibel (49.7, 49.8, 50.3, 50.8, 51.3 , 52.4 and 55.9), respectively. In addition, Helsinki cultivar was superior in most yield characteristics such as root, top, and sugar yields and of sucrose percentage. Radiant SC © 12% exceed when spraying and interact with seven sugarbeet cultivars in all the studied traits except T.S.S. percentage. Radiant SC © 12% was more toxic against tortoise beetle, Cassida vittata Vill (Larvae and Adults) in two regions through two seasons.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2979_083fd2edb9df6453a6e98eb721c43bd0.pdf
2013-03-01
128
139
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2979
Cassida vittata. Radiant SC© 12%. Mospilan© 20% SP. Dursban© H 48% EC
Sugar beet cultivars
Helsinki
Mk 2134
Gazella
Ravel
Lilly
Oscar poly
Sibel
Abo El-Ftooh
A.A.
1
Sugar Crops diseases & Pests, Department Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), 12619, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Gohar,
I.M.A
2
Sugar Crops diseases & Pests, Department Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), 12619, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
M. S.
Saleh
3
Genetic and Breeding, Department, Sugar Croup Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12619, Giza,, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamed,
Kh. El-Sh
4
Physiology and Chemistry, Department, Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12619, Giza,, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Tolerance Effect of Some Sugarbeet Varieties to Root Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita and Efficacy of Nemacur (Fenamiphos) Control under Field Conditions
To find out the level of susceptibility of certain sugarbeet varieties to Meloidogyne incognita. Also to determine the combined effect of Meloidogyne incognita on the growth and yield components of different varieties used. Four experiments were carried out; two of them were pots trails in greenhouse and the other two were field trails in west Nubariya region throughout seasons of 2009/2010 and 2010/2011. Considering the tested sugarbeet varieties for susceptibility to M. incognita, all the cultivars according to Canto-Saenz’s host suitability, can be distinguished to three categories, as responded to M. incognita, the first seriously affected and involved Alexa, Gazella, Panther and Sofie as susceptible ones, the second included reasonably affected varieties (Farida, Pamela, Pleno, Top and Toro) as Tolerant ones and the third as severely affected with nematode represented by Helios variety as Hypersusceptible one. In field Conditions experiment, studied parameters were; germination percentage, leaf weight, beet root yield, number of beets per feddan, TSS%, pol%, sugar recovery% and sugar yield. Data of this part of study cleared that germination percentage, Leaf weight t fed-1, Number of roots and root yield t fed-1 with average values of 78.3%, 14.3, 31.0 and 27.0, respectively. This paper as well seeks to study the yield response of high yielding sugarbeet varieties to different levels of Nemacur (Fenamiphos) input (T: No nematicide or Control; T1: Rate applied once at planting; T2: 50% applied at planting + 50% at 45 day After Planting) on root-knot nematodes under field conditions as percentage of avoidable loss. The maximum protection treatment rate applied once at planting (T1) was established to be most effective in reducing the damage caused by root-knot nematode comparison with treatment of 50% applied at planting + 50% at 45 day After Planting (T2). it can be concluded that sugarbeet varieties that categorized previously as susceptible had the highest avoidable loss% due T1 and/or T2 for both roots and sugar yields, where sugarbeet varieties that categorized as tolerant had avoidable loss% less than susceptible ones, also, in roots yield avoidable loss% was greater than in sugar yield. This suggesting that sugarbeet varieties that categorized as tolerant were the best genotype with highest beet root yield, sugar recovery and ultimately gave maximum sugar yield under some nematode control measures.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2981_602c6fd1995f986afd4cb98f8bc55038.pdf
2013-03-01
140
150
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.2981
Nubariya
sugarbeet varieties- Tolerance- susceptibility- Meloidogyne- sugar yield- Fenamiphos- TSS%- sugar recovery%- Field Conditions- pots trails- Beta Vulgaris
Gohar,
I.M.A
1
Sugar Crops diseases & Pests, Department Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), 12619, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.A.
Abo El-Ftooh
2
Sugar Crops diseases & Pests, Department Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), 12619, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
M. S.
Saleh
3
Genetic and Breeding, Department, Sugar Croup Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12619, Giza,, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamed,
Kh. El-Sh
4
Physiology and Chemistry, Department, Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12619, Giza,, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Probiotics Yoghurt and Their Effect on Growth of the Pathogenic Microorganism
Different yoghurt products which contain probiotics as antipathogenic bacterial growth were studied in Al Hasa market, Saudi Arabia. Three types of yoghurt were selected in addition to the control (traditional yoghurt). It was found that the control and the first type probiotic yoghurt exhibited the lowest pH values when compared to all other treatments. Also, it was found that the control had the highest amount of the lactic acid and the lowest amount of the acetic acids significantly (P≤0.05) compared to all other treatments. However, the first and the third types had the highest amount of the acetic acid significantly (P≤0.05) compared to all other treatments. In addition to that, it was found that the greatest reduction in the Escherichia coli was in both the control and the second type products. Also, it was found that the greatest reduction in the salmonella count was in the control and the first type products. In a storage life study, it was found that a significant reduction in the Escherichia coli was happened during five days
storage period and completely disappeared after 10, 15 days storage periods for the control and the first type products, respectively.
Also, it was found that a significant reduction in the salmonella count was happened during the 5 and 10 days storage periods for both the control and the first type products, respectively.
While, insignificant reduction in the salmonella count was found in other two types (type two and three) during the first period of the storage. However, this reduction was changed to become significant during the 10 and 15 days of storage periods. The final salmonella count was found to be 4.45 and 5.58 log10 /ml of yoghurt for the third and the second types, respectively. Finally, by comparing the results it was found that the control and the first type products had the highest reduction in the salmonella count compared to all other treatments during the 10 and 15 days of storage periods. These differences among the different treatments could be due to the variations in the organic acids contents and the different pH values.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158971_5c24fb11b17a4d525829a747f50f3ad6.pdf
2013-03-01
1
9
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.158971
Mutlag
M. Al-Otaibi
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Role of Transformative Training for Facing Unemployment Problem among Youth in Apis Eighth Area, Alexandria
This research was conducted in order to study how to deal with the problem of unemployment among young people of both sexes villages Apis eighth in Alexandria through transformative training which plays home economics major role in, has included this research on exporters presidents to collect data and information on its two primary sources (data obtained through the use of the questionnaire personal interviews with young men and women who do not work, trainees and trainers, staff and board members Youth Center Apis 8, and secondary sources (sources through which to obtain data and information on the current situation of the Centre for Employment and Training transformational Youth Center Apis 8), has data were treated statistically using percentages, was also used chi square test to test the strength of the relationship between some of the independent variables and the non-Parametric's, and through the use of statistical computer program SPSS V.17.
Resulted in the most important results as follows:
-The most important causes of unemployment in the community of Apis 8 of the point of view of respondents difficult transportation in the region as well as they radicalized and from the city, and the lack of jobs Proven government sector and the spread of literacy and the desire of young people to get salaries high in spite of the lack of skill and competence to do so and there is no install any work exercised as well as many other reasons.
-showed the value of chi square and a strong correlation between the desire to training and all of gender, educational level, while there was no significant relationship between the desire to training, age and also the social situation.
- The most important courses they wish young people to get it is to practice on auto repair various types and then on the sewing and then the food processing of agricultural products, baked goods, and then the computer maintenance and repair breakdowns mobile phones in addition to the Feast of the courses that are related to a large extent the activities of home economics in the fields different.
- According to respondents of the importance of establishing a center operating in the region in the current period and those who support it make a great effort for the success of the operating center, and the center provides many job opportunities, and that the center provides free training opportunities in four areas.
- The most important downsides center from the point of view of the respondents are in a slow operating speed and operating after places for the residential area in the light of the difficulty of transportation and the small number of training workshops Center and the absence of contracts to install factories that provide jobs.
- The most important problems that corresponds director and board members The lack of commitment youth employment opportunities they get from the center of operation and willingness better opportunities of each period and then the lack of incentives or salaries for members of the Board of Directors in accordance with the laws of the Ministry of Youth, which makes members do not devote themselves to work place and then unwillingness professional coaches with outstanding level in the audience for the training center to the distance and the difficulty of Roads and Transport.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158972_7f78a8976880eea4f322d2e3ce183db7.pdf
2013-03-01
10
26
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.158972
Mohamed
Gamal Mohamed Atwa
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Rice Farmers Exposure to The Rice Expert System and Its Impact on Them in Some Village of El-Behera Governorate
This research amid mainly to identify the respondents' exposure level to the rice expert system, and its impact on them. The study was carried out for achieving the following: 1-To identify objectives some characteristics of the respondents. 2-To determine the degree of respondents' exposure to rice expert system.3-To identify the impact of exposure to the rice expert system .4-Study the statistical relationship between some studied independent variables and the depended variables.
Data were collected by using questionnaire through personal interviews with a 148 rice farmers. Data were analyzed statistically by using Percentages, frequencies, arithmetic means, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient, and multiple correlation and regression analysis (step-wise). The main findings were as follows:
30.4% from the respondents have a low exposure level, while 57.4%, and 12.2% from them their exposure level were medium and high respectively.
The exposure impact to the rice expert system was a high on 41.2% of respondents.
The study showed that there are many obstacles facing the respondents concerning their exposure to this expert system.
The study showed that there are four independent variables: respondent's education level, respondent's aspiration level, respondent's opinion about the rice expert system and their opinion about the extension explained about 43.8% in their variance of exposure degree as a dependent variable.
The study showed that there are three independent variables: information sources, confidential of respondents on system and the respondent's opinion in the variance of the impact of exposure as a dependent variable about the information of rice expert system explained about 39.6% in respondent's exposure degree of impact them.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_159111_c6e334dae3e471f7f215d4da45a158f4.pdf
2013-03-01
27
48
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.159111
Safaa
Ahmad Faheem El-Bindary El-Deeb
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparing The Effect of Wheat and Millet Flours on Nutritive and Health Status on Experimental Rats
This research was carried out to study the effect of whole wheat and millet flours on the nutritional status on experimental rats. Adult 24 white male albino rats (Wister) weighed 181-205 gm and aged 7-8 weeks were obtained from animal house in Medical Research Center in University of King Abdel-Aziz, Jeddah. The rats were divided into (4) groups; First group was considered the control. They were fed on basal diet containing starch. The remaining experimental rats were divided into (3) groups: one group was fed on the basal diet but the starch was displaced by wheat flour, second group the starch was displaced by wheat flour (50%) and millet flour (50%). The third group the starch was displaced by millet flour. The period of experiment was four weeks. Food intake was determined daily, body weights were determined weekly. At the end of experiment food efficiency ratio (FER) was calculated.
The rats were anesthetized with ether and blood samples were taken by eye vein. The rats were sacrificed and the organs including liver, heart, kidneys, lungs and spleen separated and weighted. Some biochemical parameters were determined in blood and serum including hemoglobin, proteins, glucose and lipids. The result showed that: the whole wheat flour group gave the highest in weight gain and FER. Millet flour group had the highest in haemoglobin, total protein and albumin among the experimental groups. In addition the millet flour intake caused increase in HDL-cholesterol level but were decreased serum, glucose, TC, TG, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL levels.
The results showed that using millet flour improved the nutritional and health status of rats compared to wheat flour. According to that it is recommended to use millet flour in human foods to avoid the chronic diseases like anemia, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_159112_3d243060e286e43892e4d18f3b2b9f22.pdf
2013-03-01
49
57
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.159112
Fawzia
M. El Matrafy
1
AUTHOR
Ekram
R. Soliman
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparative Study between The Industrial Pattern and The Pattern Formed on The Mannequin in Implementing The Different Design Lines
The pattern preparation is the most important where the ready-made clothes depends on. This stage has the success of the designation and all process. A new ways were used to produce the clothes one of them is the flat pattern which based on ratios to identify the relationship between the twirl of chest and other measured twirls like waist, buttocks, and neck. Previous researcher (Ayda Nassar, 1987) mentioned that the pattern based on codified ratios for woman body, helped to assess the needs of ready-made industry where, it provides the speed in delivery and simplification at work. Patterns are differed in how to highlight a précised particular design because of the different ways of the origin pattern. Hence;
the importance of find out the problems that appears when implementing the industrial pattern and the pattern formed on mannequin by developing patterns for different designations through both ways and comparing between them in the terms of pressure on the body and identify the simplified in usage. This research aimed at identifies the best way in developing the industrial pattern (flat) and the pattern formed on mannequin and identifying the advantages and disadvantages for each way in implementing the selected designs, and choose the suitable one. The results revealed that the pattern formed on mannequin is better than the industrial pattern in implementing selected designations respecting to Size (L).
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_159113_09629473aab8152132d3e5a8dd137f8a.pdf
2013-03-01
58
69
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.159113
Ebtessam Ibrahim Mohammed
Ibrahim Salem
1
AUTHOR
Hyfa
Ilsnadh
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Factors Associated with Binifiting of Rural Women in Some of Family Aspects from The Rural Tv Programs in Some Villages in Alexandria and Behaira Governorates
The study aimed to identify the parameters associated with the benefiting of rural women in some of family aspects from the rural TV. programs.
Data have been collected out of from a random sample of 200 rural women from some villages in Alexandria and Behaira Governorates.
The main findings are:
1- Decending percentage of high benefiting from the rural TV. Programs to (26.5%) only, the moderate benefiting to (43%) and the lowest benefiting to (30.5%).
2- There is an association between the benefiting of the rural women from the rural TV. programs and each of: educational level, job of the rural woman, standard of living, civilization degree, home innovations and degree of regular viewing of rural TV. programs.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_159114_0eabe22cbc27e41ed12390f2f9984d70.pdf
2013-03-01
70
79
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2013.159114
Laila
Anwar Tolba
1
AUTHOR