ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Gamma Radiation on Some Morphological and Biochemical Characters of Tagetes Erecta Grown in Saline Soil.
This work concerns with the study of the independent effect of each gamma radiation and salinity as well as their combined effect on some vegetative and flowering characters, as well as enzyme peroxidase of Tagetes erecta. The study was carried out in the farm of the faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University. Seeds were cultivated in saline soil for two successive generations (M1 and M2) during 2003 and 2004. Seeds were irradiated by gamma radiation at doses of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 Kr. After germination, the irradiated seeds were transferred into saline soil and peatmoss to study the combined effect of both gamma radiation and salinity on the plant. The following parameters were studied for each plant: plant height, number of leaves, number of main branches, chlorophyll content, leaves fresh and dry weight, inflorescence number, diameter, and fresh and dry weight, morphological changes, and peroxidase activity. The results illustrated that salinity caused decrease of all studied parameters of the first generation. It was also found that the plant height decreased by increasing the doses of gamma radiations during the first and second generations. However, the number of leaves as well as their dry weight increased at 10 Kr during the second generation. While, the number of leaves as well as their fresh weight increased at 5 Kr during the first generation. With regard to the number of inflorescence and their fresh weight it increased in the second generation at the same dose (5 Kr). At 15 and 20 Kr the color of inflorescence showed clear variations between the first and the second generation. It was also found that the enzyme peroxidase displayed more activity at 10, 15 and 20 Kr during the second generation in the saline soil.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_1851_93f889cd9d016c0cc80795bfa98a14cf.pdf
2007-06-01
54
67
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2007.1851
Sherif
F.K
1
Soil and Water Science Dept., Faculty of Agri., Alexandria Uni. El-Shatby, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Raslan
M.M
2
Floriculture and ornamental Dept., Faculty of Agri., Alexandria Uni. El-Shatby, Alexandria, Egypt. Egypt.
AUTHOR
El-Sammak
F.Z
3
Floriculture and ornamental Dept., Faculty of Agri., Alexandria Uni. El-Shatby, Alexandria, Egypt. Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The impact of oxalic and citric acids on the P sorption prevention and release of Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn metals In metals - calcite system.
The efficiency of oxalic acid and of citric acid toward p sorption prevention and metal release in calcite-metals system were examined. A fixed weight of calcite was treated with fixed levels of Fe3+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+ as chloride for 24 hrs. Then, a fixed level of P and variable rates of either oxalic or citric acid were introduced and reacted for 48 hrs. The results obtained showed that the final supernatant EC values increased from 3.0 to 7.7 and from 3.0 to 4.7 dS m-1 due to the application from 0.1 to 15.0 mM O.C (organic carbon) l-1 as oxalic and citric acid, respectively. The final pH increased from 8.0 to 10.6 when the system was treated with oxalic acid at 0.1 and 15.0 mM O.C l-1, respectively but remained without change under the effect of citric acid. The values of Ca2+ decreased from 27 to 1.7 mg kg-1 when calcium carbonate was attacked by 0.1 and 15.0 mM O.C l-1 of oxalic acid, respectively. In the meantime, Ca2+ increased from 41 to 80 mg kg-1 when the calcium carbonate was treated with citric acid. The values of HCO3- increased from 147 to 1641 mg kg-1 under the effect of oxalic acid and from 122 to 548 mg kg-1 due to the application of citric acid. Oxalic acid prevented 60.5% of added P at 0.1 mM O.C l-1and then decreased to 14% at 0.5 mM O.C l-1. Citric acid Prevented 71% of added P at the lowest and highest rates. Both acids failed to release any of the sorbed metals.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_1853_e9e83152b41759f91d57b341201175c1.pdf
2007-06-01
68
74
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2007.1853
calcite
Organic ligands
Phosphate
Heavy metals
sorption
Ahmad
M. Al-Shabaan
1
Department of Environment and Natural Agricultural Resources,College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Hassa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
AUTHOR
El-Garawany
M. M
2
Soil fertility& plant nutrition Res. Dept. Soil Water and
AUTHOR
M. R.
Mahmoud
3
Vegetable Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agric Res. Center. Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cadmium Accumulation in Soil and in Some Vegetable Crops induced by Phosphate Fertilizer
To evaluate the impact of four levels of phosphorus fertilizer on cadmium (Cd) accumulation in soil and in the vegetative parts of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.), three field experiments using loamy sandy soil, in West Al-Nubaria area, Abu-El-Atta Village, were conducted in 2004 and 2005 winter seasons. The levels of triple super-phosphate fertilizer (45-47% P2O5) used were 0, 100, 200, and 300 kg P2O5/fed (fed = fedan =4200 m2). Different rates of triple super-phosphate had significant effects on Cd concentration in the plant tissues of the three studied crops. Phosphate increased Cd accumulation in plant parts, with more evident effect with the highest rate. The range of Cd concentration in tomato fruit juice (0.08-0.12 mg kg-1) was higher than that in tomato fruit flesh (0.009-0.020 mg kg-1). Cd concentration in radish ranged between 0.65-0.76 mg kg-1 which was higher than that in lettuce 0.12 - 0.24 mg kg-1 or in tomato fruits ( 0.100 – 0.176 mg kg-1) at the applied levels of phosphate fertilizer. In lettuce plants, the Cd concentration in root was higher than that of shoots while the opposite was found in radish plants. Soil available cadmium and phosphorus levels after harvest increased significantly with increasing application rates of phosphorus in the three experiments. The application of phosphate fertilizer, although it had notable benefits to soil fertility, it was associated with possible negative effects due to increased P availability and Cd accumulation which affect both soil water quality and soil ecology.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_1855_9de4f48f9d54d12539b9ca0173cbe139.pdf
2007-06-01
75
81
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2007.1855
fertilizer
cadmium
Phosphate
phosphorus
Tomato
lettuce
Radish
El-Garawany
M. M
1
Soil fertility& plant nutrition Res. Dept. Soil Water and Environmental Research Institute, Agric Res. Center. Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
M. R.
Mahmoud
2
Vegetable Department, Horticulture Research Institute,. Agric Res. Center. Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Sustainable use of mineral and biofertilizers in the production of faba bean (Vicia faba) grown on calcareous soil
To evaluate the effect of minimizing N, P and K fertilization levels in the presence of biofertilizers, two field experiments were conducted during the two successive winter season of 2003/04 and 2004/05 at the irrigated research experimental farm of Nubaria. The experimental design was a randomized complete blocks design (RCBD). Main plots consisted of three N, P and K combination levels (low= L, medium= M, and high=H). Meanwhile, the sub-plots consisted of four biological fertilization treatments: control (without inoculation) inoculation with Rizobia (R), infection with Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) and co-inoculation and infection (R+AM). The results showed that plant height, GP (green pod) yield, and seed yield (SY) of fababean were responded significantly to the mineral fertilization. Inoculation with microorganisms increased biological yield (BY), SY, and staw yield (StY) of faba bean in the two growing season. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), phosphorous use efficiency (PUE), and potassium use efficiency (KUE) increased with decreasing fertilizer rate. With high fertilizer level, the coupled inoculation (R+AM) recorded the highest NUE, PUE, and KUE. Soil NH4+ concentration increased significantly with the coupled inoculation (R+AM) while it decreased significantly with (R) and (AM) compared to un-inoculated. In contrary, Soil NO3- increased significantly with (R), (AM), and (R+AM). Nutrients uptake by faba bean plants increased significantly with different levels of mineral fertilizers. The coupled inoculation had remarkable influences on all nutrients uptake than single biofertilizers. Concerning, the interaction of mineral and biofertilizers, it was noticed that (R) significantly increased N uptake in straw with L and M NPK. Phosphorous uptake was increased significantly in both straw and seeds with (AM) inoculation at all NPK fertilizer levels. For the coupled inoculation it was noticed that (R+AM) increased significantly N uptake in straw at the three fertilizer levels. Nitrogen, P and K uptake in the whole plants was also significantly increased by the interaction between mineral and biofertilizers. The combined treatment (high NPK+ coupled inoculation) produced the highest P and K in plants, while, the L-NPK with coupled inoculation recorded the highest N uptake for the whole plants.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_1865_2cd24f236b4998eabb0a136d7a856f3d.pdf
2007-06-01
83
91
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2007.1865
Sherif
K.F
1
Soil and Water Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatby 21545, Alexandria, Egypt.
AUTHOR
M.E.
Mourcy
2
Soil and Water Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El-Shatby 21545, Alexandria, Egypt.
AUTHOR
A.M.
Awad
3
Soil Fertility & Plant Nutrition Dept. SWERI, ARC, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Applying of Hand Made Embroidery Style (Hardanger) on Some Upholstery Products designing a and The Execution and Evaluation of A Training Program for This Embroidery Style for a sample of trainers in Alexandria
The main objective of this study was to revive the hardanger as a style of manual embroidery in order to use it and benefit from it in some textile products based in this technique such as upholstery .
This is in addition to designing and executing an applied training program of sample of women trainees in charge of training a group of young women ( tot ) on hardanger style .
An applied study was made through conducting some haranger experiments on materials using the thread subject of the study . Refereeing procedures were done through specialists in the field of textiles and clothes in general and specialist in the field of embroidery in particular ( 21 member ) ,this was conducted through a referring questionnaire that included several items . evaluation was carried out by giving a mark of (10) for each of the items .
An applied training program of this embroidery style was planned and executed for a sample of women trainers working in the field of training on small industries , that for (2) months then it was evaluated by measuring the awareness extent of trainers of knowledge and skills through using a prior post questionnaire .
As for the applied study models embroidered by hardanger of upholstery ( table cloth – curtain ) we referred and evaluated statistical relations of them were found by using variation test ant ( T ) test of the referring items of embroidered textile models and among all the three types of upholstery textiles in addition to the used embroidery threads and the effect of threads interference with textiles the statistical relations showed that :
A-Table cloth :
- The effect of the textiles was significant concerning item (1) , (5) and (7) at the significant level (0.01 )
- The effect of threads was significant for item (2) (5) and item (7)
- The effect of threads inference with the textiles was significant for item (5) and (7).
According to (T) Text results :
- Each of the textile 2/2 hopsack ( cotton 100 % ) and 3/3 hopsack ( cotton 100 % ) have obtained the highest evaluation marks .
- The highest evaluation degrees belonged to both standard cotton and pearl cotton .
- The textile 2/2 hopsack ( cotton 100 % ) and textile 3/3 hopsack ( cotton 100 % ) have obtained the highest evaluation degrees with both standard cotton and pearl cotton
B- Curtain :
- The effect of textile type was significant for each of item (1) , (5) and (7) at the significance level (0.01 )
- The effect of threads type was significant on the items (2) , (5) and (7) at the significance level (0.01 ) and (0.05 ) respectively .
- The effect of the threads interference with textiles was highly significant with item (5) and (7) at the significance level (0.01) and (0.05) .
According to (T) test results :
- The material 2/2 hopsack ( cotton 100 % ) has obtained the highest degree followed by 3/3 hopsack ( cotton 100 % )
- The standard cotton and pearl cotton threads obtained the highest evaluation degrees .
- Textile 2/2 hopsack ( cotton 100 % ) with both standard cotton and pearl cotton has obtained the highest degree .
In regard to the results of the applied training program of hardanger it was revealed that most women subjects had experience in the training field about 1-5 years . Most of them did not have training courses in manual embroidery . Their informations about hardanger had changed positively after training .
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158584_ddaf3a4e231bc4e0a8d2cbd10bb22471.pdf
2007-04-01
64
86
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2007.158584
Azza
Ibrahim
1
AUTHOR
Safia
Sarokh
2
AUTHOR
Anaam
Abozeid
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Basics of Selection of the Rural Opinion Women Lenders from the Point of View of Femal Extension Workers in Behaira, Gharbia, and Menofia Governorates
This study aimed to know the opinion of the female extension workers from basics of selection of the rural opinion women leaders.
Data were collected from a sample of 131 female extension workers, through personal interview questionnaire, as following: 40 From Behaira, 44 From Gharbia, and 47 From Menofia Governorate.
The main findings are:
- Personal characteristics such as: The effect on the others, the initiative to take the lead, sense of responsibility, acceptance from others, and suitable educational degree.
- Social skills such as : share others in their occasions, ready to serve others, many friends, participate in village activities, cooperate with others, helping the others, sharing awareness process, and participation in gift collections.
- Communication skills such as : the ability to persuade, the ability to express their opinion, accept the opinion of others, communicate with female extension workers readiness to express ideas, and ability to display information by a simple way.
- Extension skills such as: reliable and regular attainder of extension function, willing to try out new ideas, experience in forming economics practices, awareness of the village problems, skills to work with others, the ability to self teach and teach others.
- The main activities were: teaching women and girls the technical activities, in studying the others needs, discussing the problems with the female extension workers.
- The main develop the capabilities of the rural opinion leaders were : hand technical cleverness, problem defining and search for the proper solutions, using of the extension aids to simplify the information.
- The main problems facing female extension workers during their work with local female opinion leaders were : continuous need for training there leaders, no financial stimulation, no special place for the activities, lake of confidence in the extension doings, no time available for the leaders to do their activities, and husband's refusal.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158585_2e6936b76fa33bbc5801556004a11836.pdf
2007-04-01
87
97
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2007.158585
Laila
Tolba
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Main Characteristics and Indications of Production of the Most Important Vegetable Crops in Saudi Arabia
The objective of the study was to identify the main characteristics and indications related to the development and production of the most important vegetable crops in Saudi Arabia which are potato, tomato, onion, watermelon and cucumber during the period 1980 - 2004, via studying the following:
1- The cultivated area and the productivity of the major vegetables in the kingdom.
2- Estimating the effect of the change in the crop area in the previous year as an independent variable on the cultivated area by the crop in the next year as a dependent variable
3- Forecasting of the cultivated area and the productivity of the respected vegetables during the period 2006 - 2010.
The study was dependent on the secondary data of the period 1980 – 2001, which were obtained from the ministry of finance and national statistical yearbooks, and FAO reports. The study was relied also on a descriptive and statistical analysis. The annual growth rates and the annual change in the cultivated area and productivity and the total production of the respected vegetables during the study period were estimated. Two models of time series forecasting were used for the cultivated area and productivity of the respected vegetables of the period 2006 – 2010, then the best model was chosen.
The most important results can be explained as follows:
1- The cultivated area by the respected vegetables was increasing during the study period except the area of tomato. The annual growth rate of the vegetables area was about 19.04%, -4.3%, 9.86%, 0.39% and 6.33% for potato, tomato, onion, watermelon and cucumber, respectively. This rate was statistically significant at the level of 1% with the exception of tomato and watermelon. In addition, there is no consistency in the area of potato and onion during the study period.
2- The trend of productivity increased during the study period except for watermelon, which was decreasing about 3.91%, 2.43%, 2.52%, -0.3% and 5.69% for potato, tomato, onion, watermelon and cucumber, respectively. This was statistically significant except onion and watermelon, and no consistency in the productivity of onion and cucumber throughout the study period.
3- By estimation the relationships between the annual cultivated area by the vegetable crop as a dependent variable and the cultivated area in the previous year as an independent variable in the double logarithmic function form, there was a response of the cultivated area in the current year for that in the previous year during the study period. The increase in the cultivated area of potato, tomato, onion, watermelon and cucumber in a certain season by 10% result in an increase in the cultivated area in the next season by these vegetables about 9.13%, 6.76%, 7.42%, 3.89% and 8.37%, respectively.
4- The forecasting results of the cultivated area and the productivity of the respected vegetables during 2006 - 2010 showed that it is expected for the area of the vegetables to increase during the mentioned period with the exception of tomato, which is expected to decrease during that period. For the productivity of potato, onion and cucumber is expected to increase, while the productivity of both tomato and watermelon is expected to decrease during that mentioned period.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158586_f41355dfd157c9123559a6b0b4af3d13.pdf
2007-04-01
98
105
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2007.158586
A. M.
Al-Moshileh
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Foreign Investment and Sustainable Development of the Great Man-Made River, The Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Great Man-Made River project is considered one of the most important infrastructure investments performed by The Libyan Arab Jamahiriya in the last 3 decades. Decision makers have the burden to take this project to achieve its political, social, and environmental goals, through carrying out a set of integrated plans according to the priorities of the society. Nevertheless, the involvement of the foreign investments into the national economy is an important goal, and this is done according to the social and environmental standards. Available data and information confirmed the viability of foreign investment, either directly or indirectly, in different agricultural activities that will benefit from the use of the Great Man-Made River water, based on the decision making process, and based on the scientific and logical analysis.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158588_6751ad8d86b6d741761e8b726250c487.pdf
2007-04-01
106
116
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2007.158588
Abdul Aziz
A.M
1
AUTHOR
Ekhmaj
A.I
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An Evaluating Study of Some Aspects Regarding Farmer's Cotton Production and Marketing in Some Villages in El-Behera Governorate
This research aimed to determine executive knowledge level concerning cotton farming and gathering recommendations, define presence extent of production ingredients and its prices, availability of cotton farming labourers and their cost, the marketing agencies which farmers deal with and its main marketing services, and the process of determining cotton grade.
Data were collected by personal interviews using a pretested questionnaire during Desember 2006, from a random sample amounted to 150 cotton growers of El-Roda village, El-Mahmodia district, Kelishan village, Etay El-Barood district and Lakana village, Shobrakhit district, El-Behera Governorate. Means standard deviation, frequencies, percentages were used to present and analyze data statistically.
The results revealed that :
● 75.3% of the respondents with moderate executive knowledge level concerning cotton farming technical recommendations, their executive knowledge level was high concerning lining rate, handel getting red of grasses, planting spaces, adding animal manure with percentages 95.3% , 89.3% , 82% and 75.3% of the respondents respectively, it was moderate concerning stop irrigation, digging, with percentages 70% and 66% of the respondents respectively, while it was low concerning the rest.
● 98.7% , 75.3% , 57.3% , 55.3% , 36.7% and 36.7% of the respondents with common wrong executive knowledge where they believe that cotton is growing in late date to protect the crop of Boll worms, adding 30-45 kg of phosphate fertilizer (the recommended rate is 22.5 kg) growing cotton crop during May, irregular irrigation, growing cotton crop during April, setting fire cotton straw, respectively.
● 65.3% of the respondents with moderate level concerning gathering and marketing cotton crop recommendations, and the rest respondents were high. 100%, 100%, 98.7% and 92% of the respondents know execute gathering cotton in two stages, using new sacks, using threads of cotton fibres for sewing sacks, not mix the crop of the first and the second stages respectively.
● 100% , 90.7% and 62.6% of the respondents with common wrong executive knowledge so they believe in arrangeing gathering labourers in one row take all boll, using fertilizer sacks mod of blastic in gathering process, late gathering up to 60% opening boll respectively.
● Pesticides, fertilizers, and seeds are enough present for 90% , 88.7% and 82% of the respondents, but the prices of pesticides and pertilizers are high.
● Gathering process is expensive and its labourares were not enough according to opinion of 93.3% and 74% of the respondents respectively.
● 88.7% of the respondents sold quantity of their cotton crop to merchants and 98% of them sold quantity to Agricultural Cooperation. Marketing service facilities available to respondents were very limited.
● All the respondents sold their crops without determining its order, the prices of the first gathering equal to the second, it changed from day to another not from farmer to another, so there is no incentive to raise the order of the crop.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158589_529aef6fdd86545a8cabb087699d02e3.pdf
2007-04-01
117
129
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2007.158589
Essam
Abd El-Latef Mabrouk Ammar
1
AUTHOR
Gamil
Mohamed Sharaf El-Din
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Graduate Youth Acceptance Indicators of Paid Learning Extension Services Presentation in Some New Villages in El-Beheira and Kafr El-Sheik Governorates
The main objective of this research was to identify acceptance indicators of paid learning extension services presentation in some new villages in El-Beheira and Kafr El-Sheik Governorates, problems face respondents in this domain and their suggestions to get rid of it.
The study sample consisted of 141 respondents was sedected randomly of El-Hossien village in El-Bostan area, El-Beheira Governorate, Teiba and Om El-Kora villages in Hamoul sector,Kafr El-Sheik Governorate, Data were collected by using a questionnaire. Frequencles, percentages, means, and standard deviation were used to analyze and present data.
The main results of this research were :
● The majority of the respondents (59.6%) with low level in paid learning extension services presentation acceptance, while 52.5% of the respondents refuse such services, 85.1% of the respondents prefer free learning extension services, and it is unsuitable according to financial conditions of 61.7% of the respondents. Only 4.9% of the respondents had paid for such services.
● Determinants of paid learning extension services : honey producing is the most important field mentioned by 90.8% of the respondents. 66.7% of the respondents prefer special units in Agricultural Research Center to present paid learning extension services. Demonistrations and applied extension programs are the best methods to present such extension services for 51.8%, and 43.3% of the respondents respectively. As for paying methods for these services : 32.6% and 31.9% of the respondents prefer percent of increased productivity, and every season respectively.
● Problems face respondents in paid learning extension services are limted experience of extension workers (mentioned by 94.1%), lack respondents awareness towards this services (mentioned by 89.9%), and low level of production returns (reported by 61.7%).
● Respondents suggestions concerning paid learning extension services are : determine low prices for extension services (mentioned by 49%), dissemination of paid learning extension services concepts among graduate youth (reported by 32%), present good informations (mentioned by 70.9%), making enough propaganda about paid learning extension services (reported by 63.9%), concentrating the efforts in this field on marketing process (mentioned by 55.3%).
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158590_83f4c2a2e3ca4fe789bebc705faed890.pdf
2007-04-01
130
149
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2007.158590
Essam Abd El-Latef
Mabrouk Ammar
1
AUTHOR