eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-01
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
197
205
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.2889
2889
Original Article
Mutagenic Effects of Sodium Azide and Diethyl Sulphate on the Growth of Leucaena Trees (Leucaena leucocephala Lam.) Under Field Conditions
تأثيرات المطفرات الکيمائية ازيد الصوديوم وکبريتات الداي ايثيل على نمو أشجار الليوسينا تحت ظروف الحقل
Yasser I. El-Nasha
yelnashar@ksu.edu.sa
1
Nader D. Shetta
2
Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University Riyadh 11451, King Saudi Arabia. Ornamental Plants and Landscape Gardening Research Department, Al-Montaza, Horticultural Research Institute, A.R.C. Giza, Egypt.
Forestry and Wood Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University.
Chemical mutagenesis is one of techniques used to induce mutations and increase the genetic variability in breeding programs of economically important plants. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of two mutagens, sodium azide (SA) and diethyl sulphate (DES), on the growth of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) trees. Six concentrations of SA and DES (zero (control), 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 ppm) were used to soak the L. leucocephala seeds, which were planted and kept in open field at the experimental station of the Faculty of Agriculture, King Saud University, for four years. This study demonstrates that inducing SA and DES mutagens by soaking the seeds significantly affects the vegetative growth of L. leucocephala. The mutagen DES more strongly affected plant development than did SA. The concentration of 1000 ppm SA had the greatest effect on the number of branches and leaves, the stem diameter and the pod length compared to treatment with DES. In contrast, DES had the greatest effect on the plant height and the number of flowers per plant. The concentration of 5000 ppm SA had a lethal effect on seed germination and did not permit growth. The total chlorophyll content was significantly decreased under all of the studied concentrations compared with control seedlings.
Chemical mutagenesis is one of techniques used to induce mutations and increase the genetic variability in breeding programs of economically important plants. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of two mutagens, sodium azide (SA) and diethyl sulphate (DES), on the growth of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) trees. Six concentrations of SA and DES (zero (control), 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 ppm) were used to soak the L. leucocephala seeds, which were planted and kept in open field at the experimental station of the Faculty of Agriculture, King Saud University, for four years. This study demonstrates that inducing SA and DES mutagens by soaking the seeds significantly affects the vegetative growth of L. leucocephala. The mutagen DES more strongly affected plant development than did SA. The concentration of 1000 ppm SA had the greatest effect on the number of branches and leaves, the stem diameter and the pod length compared to treatment with DES. In contrast, DES had the greatest effect on the plant height and the number of flowers per plant. The concentration of 5000 ppm SA had a lethal effect on seed germination and did not permit growth. The total chlorophyll content was significantly decreased under all of the studied concentrations compared with control seedlings.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2889_bf17c92f85c1fec332c4e59b39496bc9.pdf
Mutation
diethyl sulphate
Sodium azide
Chlorophyll
Leucaena leucocephala
الطفرات
کبريتات الداي ايثيل
ازيد الصوديوم
الصفات الظاهرية
المحتوى الکلوروفيلى
أشجار الليوسينا
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-01
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
206
212
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.2897
2897
Original Article
Peroxidase Isozymes and Proline Content In Relation To Salinity Tolerance in Stevia Plant
المشابهات الانزيميه للبيروکسيديز ومحتوي البرولين وعلاقته بتحمل الملوحه في نبات الاستيفيا
Amira khatab
1
Faculty of Education,Majmaah University, kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Institute of Graduate Studies & Research, Alexandria University,Egypt
Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) plant is an herbaceous perennial used normally as a natural herbal sweetener .Stevia leaves contain several chemicals called glycosides. These glycosides collectively give 100 to 300 times the sweetness of sucrose and are extracted and refined from plants without chemical or enzymatic modifications. The two main glycosides are Stevioside (traditionally 5-10% of the dry weight of leaves) and Rebaudioside A (2-4%). These glycosides are the sweetest compounds. There are also other related compound including RebaudiosideC (1-2%) and Duclosid A and C as well as minor glycosides including flavonoid glycosides; coumarins; cinnamic acids; phenylpropanoids and some essential oils. This work aims at investigating the role of isozyme variations and proline content in selection and breeding program for salinity tolerance. To achieve such a purpose four landraces of stevia were kindly obtained from the Institute of Sugar Crops and different salinity stresses were conducted. However, proline acts as a compatible cytoplasmic solute, balancing an accumulation of salts outside of the cytoplasm. Proline levels in salt-shocked leaves, decreased to near control levels within 24 hours of relief of stress. The data observed showed that differential gene expression and recommend the use of physio-genetical biomarkers as useful tool to identify the salinity tolerant genome.
Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) plant is an herbaceous perennial used normally as a natural herbal sweetener .Stevia leaves contain several chemicals called glycosides. These glycosides collectively give 100 to 300 times the sweetness of sucrose and are extracted and refined from plants without chemical or enzymatic modifications. The two main glycosides are Stevioside (traditionally 5-10% of the dry weight of leaves) and Rebaudioside A (2-4%). These glycosides are the sweetest compounds. There are also other related compound including RebaudiosideC (1-2%) and Duclosid A and C as well as minor glycosides including flavonoid glycosides; coumarins; cinnamic acids; phenylpropanoids and some essential oils. This work aims at investigating the role of isozyme variations and proline content in selection and breeding program for salinity tolerance. To achieve such a purpose four landraces of stevia were kindly obtained from the Institute of Sugar Crops and different salinity stresses were conducted. However, proline acts as a compatible cytoplasmic solute, balancing an accumulation of salts outside of the cytoplasm. Proline levels in salt-shocked leaves, decreased to near control levels within 24 hours of relief of stress. The data observed showed that differential gene expression and recommend the use of physio-genetical biomarkers as useful tool to identify the salinity tolerant genome.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2897_53c569471b4809d99dbf3cb88ab5db63.pdf
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-01
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
213
220
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.2901
2901
Original Article
Maize Response to Different N Levels Following Different Preceding Crops
استجابة محصول الذرة الشامية للتسميد النيتروجينى تحت تأثير محاصيل سابقة
H.M. Ibrahim
1
T.I.E. Abd El-Wahab
2
A.I. Nawar
3
H.E. Khalil
4
Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural, Alexandria University, Egypt.
Crop Intensification Station, Field Crop Institute, A.R.C., Egypt.
Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural, Alexandria University, Egypt.
Crop Intensification Station, Field Crop Institute, A.R.C., Egypt.
Response of maize growth traits to different preceding crops was estimated at 105, 120 and 135 kgN/ fed., during 2013 and 2014 summer seasons. Preceding crops significantly affected maize grain yield and its attributes, i.e. number of grains/ ear, 100-grain and ear grain weights in addition to harvest index. Maize gave maximum and minimum values of those traits after faba bean and sugar beet, producing lower estimates than those that contained faba bean. Grain weight/ ear and grain yield/ fed., in addition to harvest index, significantly responded to N application levels, where their highest values were obtained from 135 kgN/fed. Response of grain yield and harvest index to crop sequence ´ N level interaction effects were significant during the two seasons. Data indicated that S6 sequence produced the greatest values of grain yield and harvest index with 135 kgN/ fed, while, the reverse occurred with the result of S1 sequence ´ 105 kgN/ fed interaction. Interaction data, also, showed that S6 and S5 sequences, under 135 kgN/ fed were similar in their effects on both traits in the two seasons. Data indicated the importance of relay cropping as a way to save time for a third or fourth crop growing. Results of stepwise regression revealed that both 100-grain weight and number of grains/ ear explained about 96% of the variation in grain yield in both seasons, indicating the importance of these two traits in determining productivity of maize. Also, factors affecting these two traits, such as N fertilization, might have an effect on grain yield production.
Response of maize growth traits to different preceding crops was estimated at 105, 120 and 135 kgN/ fed., during 2013 and 2014 summer seasons. Preceding crops significantly affected maize grain yield and its attributes, i.e. number of grains/ ear, 100-grain and ear grain weights in addition to harvest index. Maize gave maximum and minimum values of those traits after faba bean and sugar beet, producing lower estimates than those that contained faba bean. Grain weight/ ear and grain yield/ fed., in addition to harvest index, significantly responded to N application levels, where their highest values were obtained from 135 kgN/fed. Response of grain yield and harvest index to crop sequence ´ N level interaction effects were significant during the two seasons. Data indicated that S6 sequence produced the greatest values of grain yield and harvest index with 135 kgN/ fed, while, the reverse occurred with the result of S1 sequence ´ 105 kgN/ fed interaction. Interaction data, also, showed that S6 and S5 sequences, under 135 kgN/ fed were similar in their effects on both traits in the two seasons. Data indicated the importance of relay cropping as a way to save time for a third or fourth crop growing. Results of stepwise regression revealed that both 100-grain weight and number of grains/ ear explained about 96% of the variation in grain yield in both seasons, indicating the importance of these two traits in determining productivity of maize. Also, factors affecting these two traits, such as N fertilization, might have an effect on grain yield production.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2901_14b5372ce87fd33e7d2df1089c28cd15.pdf
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-01
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
221
225
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.2904
2904
Original Article
Enhancement of Acacia cyanophylla Seed Germinability and Vigor through salt Hardening Technique
زيادة قابلية وقوة إنبات بذور السنط الحقيقى بواسطة تقنية التقسية الملحية
Ibrahim A. Eshkab
iaeshkab@yahoo.com
1
Mahmood B. Shanta Shanta
2
Hisham N. El waer
3
the Range and Forestry (Natural Resources) Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tripoli, Tripoli – Libya. Phone: +218-928010223
Range and Forestry (Natural Resources) Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tripoli, Tripoli – Libya. Phone: +218-928010223
Range and Forestry (Natural Resources) Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tripoli, Tripoli – Libya. Phone: +218-928010223
Hardening is a seed technique that has been successfully used for enhancing seed vigor for many crops. However, there is dearth information on the influence of hardening treatments on tree and shrub seeds. Thus, this experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of salt-hardening treatments on germination and seed vigor of Acacia cyanophylla seeds. The seeds were presoaked in 10 mmole CaCl2, NaCl or KCl for 16 h followed by drying back for 16 h (approximately to their original weight). Untreated seeds were used as a control. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. As compared to untreated seeds, results indicated that salt-hardening treatments improved final germination percentage (FGP) to 100% in CaCl2-HD treatment. KCl-HD and CaCl2-HD treatments decreased significantly mean germination time (MGT), increased mean germination rate (MGR) and coefficient of velocity of the germination (CVG). Salt-hardening treatments also increased significantly the germination index and germination rate index. However, the values of these measured indices were higher in KCl-HD treatment. Consequently, the application of KCl-HD resulted in germination value (GV), significantly greater than all applied treatments. This study demonstrates that KCl-HD treatment is effective for enhancing seed vigor of Acacia cyanophylla seeds.
Hardening is a seed technique that has been successfully used for enhancing seed vigor for many crops. However, there is dearth information on the influence of hardening treatments on tree and shrub seeds. Thus, this experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of salt-hardening treatments on germination and seed vigor of Acacia cyanophylla seeds. The seeds were presoaked in 10 mmole CaCl2, NaCl or KCl for 16 h followed by drying back for 16 h (approximately to their original weight). Untreated seeds were used as a control. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. As compared to untreated seeds, results indicated that salt-hardening treatments improved final germination percentage (FGP) to 100% in CaCl2-HD treatment. KCl-HD and CaCl2-HD treatments decreased significantly mean germination time (MGT), increased mean germination rate (MGR) and coefficient of velocity of the germination (CVG). Salt-hardening treatments also increased significantly the germination index and germination rate index. However, the values of these measured indices were higher in KCl-HD treatment. Consequently, the application of KCl-HD resulted in germination value (GV), significantly greater than all applied treatments. This study demonstrates that KCl-HD treatment is effective for enhancing seed vigor of Acacia cyanophylla seeds.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2904_110e5ba8d87a52a790f44efbfd021252.pdf
seed hardening
seed germination
seed vigor
Acacia cyanophylla
تقسية البذور
إنبات البذور
قوة البذور
السنط الحقيقى
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-01
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
226
235
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.2905
2905
Original Article
Growth Performance and Chemical Composition of Corn Seedlings (Zea mays L.) Under Salt Stress and Priming Conditions
أداء النمو و الترکيب الکيميائى لبادرات الذرة تحت ظروف الإجهاد الملحى وتقنية نقع البذور
Nieven Fathi
1
Aly Gaafar
2
Soil Salinity Research Department; Soils, Water & Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, (Egypt).
Soil Salinity Research Department; Soils, Water & Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, (Egypt).
A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the potential effects of salt stress and priming seeds in saline solution, on the growth index and plant chemical composition of the newely selected single corn (Zea mays L.) hybrid namely, SC. 166. For this purpose, the seeds were primed in 5 g/L NaCl solution for 12 hours .The seedlings were subjected to various levels of NaCl (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 g/L), and analysis of the parameters related to germination, growth, and chemical composition was analyzed The results indicated that increasing salinity concentration significantly decreased germination percentage and vigor index of both primed and unprimed seeds. This reduction was higher for unprimed seeds compared to primed seeds. Also, the salinity stress exhibited significant inhibitory effects on radicle and plumule length, total dry weight and salt tolerance index (SI) for both primed and un-primed seeds. The results detected on plumule sodium content (PSC) showed successive Na accumulation, as the salinity stress increased. The opposite trend was observed for K+ accumulation when exposed to salinity. In general, total chlorophyll content was significantly decreased with increase of salinity levels from 0 to 8 g/L NaCl in primed and unprimed seeds. Similarly, the proline content in plants derived from primed seeds was much higher than that of unprimed seeds. In conclusion, seed priming with NaCl is might be considered an effective way to meet the demands of farmers during the installation of the cultivation in conditions under salt stress to improve growth performance and chemical composition of corn
A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the potential effects of salt stress and priming seeds in saline solution, on the growth index and plant chemical composition of the newely selected single corn (Zea mays L.) hybrid namely, SC. 166. For this purpose, the seeds were primed in 5 g/L NaCl solution for 12 hours .The seedlings were subjected to various levels of NaCl (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 g/L), and analysis of the parameters related to germination, growth, and chemical composition was analyzed The results indicated that increasing salinity concentration significantly decreased germination percentage and vigor index of both primed and unprimed seeds. This reduction was higher for unprimed seeds compared to primed seeds. Also, the salinity stress exhibited significant inhibitory effects on radicle and plumule length, total dry weight and salt tolerance index (SI) for both primed and un-primed seeds. The results detected on plumule sodium content (PSC) showed successive Na accumulation, as the salinity stress increased. The opposite trend was observed for K+ accumulation when exposed to salinity. In general, total chlorophyll content was significantly decreased with increase of salinity levels from 0 to 8 g/L NaCl in primed and unprimed seeds. Similarly, the proline content in plants derived from primed seeds was much higher than that of unprimed seeds. In conclusion, seed priming with NaCl is might be considered an effective way to meet the demands of farmers during the installation of the cultivation in conditions under salt stress to improve growth performance and chemical composition of corn
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2905_ef7cadaff8e3daabefa2be9f84495d6d.pdf
priming
salt stress
Corn seedling
growth parameters
Chemical composition
تقنية نقع البذور
الإجهاد الملحى
بادرات الذرة
مقاييس النمو
الترکيب الکيميائى
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-01
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
236
248
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.2908
2908
Original Article
Encapsulation Efficiency, Microstructur and Oxidation Stability of Fish Oil Encapsulated Powder Made by Using whey Protein Concentrate
القدرة على الکبسلة والترکيب الدقيق والثبات ضد الأکسدة لمسحوق زيت السمک المحضر بواسطة الکبسلة باستخدام مرکز بروتينات الشرش
El Ghannam M.
1
El Nemr T.
tareqalnemr1962@gmail.com
2
Hassan A.
3
Dyab, N.
4
Department of Dairy science and technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria
Department of Dairy science and technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria
Department of Dairy science and technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria
Department of Dairy science and technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria
Fish oil encapsulated powder was prepared with four ratios (0.6:1, 0.8:1, 1:1 and 1.2:1) of fish oil:whey protein concentrate with addition of 100 ppm in dry matter antioxidant (α-tochopherol) and 25 ppm in dry matter nisin as an antimicrobial agent. The emulsion was homogenized, pasteurized and spray or freeze dried. The produced powder was freshly analyzed for moisture content, encapsulation efficiency and microstructure while degree of oxidation was determined every 15 days in the powder kept at 4°C for 90 days. Spray dried powders have lower moisture content than freeze dried one. Moisture in both powders tended to decrease with the increasing of oil ratio. Encapsulation efficiency showed the highest values (70.2 % for spray and 63.18% for freeze dried powder) at the ratio of (0.6:1), while it was decreased with the increasing of fish oil ratio up to (1.2:1). Encapsulation efficiency was dropped by about 13% and 10% from the ratio of 1:1 to the ratio of 1.2:1 in spray and freeze dried powder respectively. Spray dried powder had higher encapsulation efficiency than freeze dried. In addition, the ratio of (1:1) can be considered as the most suitable ratio could be applied as it allows reasonable concentration of omeg-3 in the same time, the encapsulation efficiency is acceptable. Many authors and foundations suggested 500 mg of ω-3 fatty acids as daily requirement, this amount can be covered by 4.38g of powder of 1:1 fish oil:WPC. Oxidation stability was determined for fish oil as a control and for the encapsulated fish oil powder (EFOP) along 90 days storage at 4°C. Degree of oxidation (TBAR values) was gradually increased in both fish oil (control) and EFOP with the advance of storage time. TBAR values of fish oil were dramatically increased throughout storage time (10 at zero time, and it become 325 nmolMAD/kg oil at day 90). On the other hand the increment of TBAR values in EFOP was not so remarkable (18 as minimum at zero time, and it become 53 as maximum nmol MDA/kg oil at day 90). Encapsulation of fish oil strongly delayed the oxidation development in the powder beside the influence of antioxidant (α-tochopherol) which was added. The third factor which considerably impaired oxidation is the low storage temperature (4°C). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that spray drying resulted in spherical particles of different sizes with collapse or shriveling, visible wrinkles or dimples on the surface, but no apparent pores. On the other hand, freeze dried powder showed a completely different morphology of particles. Relatively low magnification (x1500) showed the powder in plates-like layers without pores on the surface, while magnification of (x3500) was not clear enough to describe the image content. At the same magnification of (x3500), spray dried powder showed clear individual spherical particles with different sizes. Images of spray dried powder with magnifications of (x10000 and x15000) were very sharp and distinctive. The particles were mostly about 2um diameter with smooth surface and visible wrinkles. Magnification more than (x3500) for freeze dried powder was not successful to show any useful details.
Fish oil encapsulated powder was prepared with four ratios (0.6:1, 0.8:1, 1:1 and 1.2:1) of fish oil:whey protein concentrate with addition of 100 ppm in dry matter antioxidant (α-tochopherol) and 25 ppm in dry matter nisin as an antimicrobial agent. The emulsion was homogenized, pasteurized and spray or freeze dried. The produced powder was freshly analyzed for moisture content, encapsulation efficiency and microstructure while degree of oxidation was determined every 15 days in the powder kept at 4°C for 90 days. Spray dried powders have lower moisture content than freeze dried one. Moisture in both powders tended to decrease with the increasing of oil ratio. Encapsulation efficiency showed the highest values (70.2 % for spray and 63.18% for freeze dried powder) at the ratio of (0.6:1), while it was decreased with the increasing of fish oil ratio up to (1.2:1). Encapsulation efficiency was dropped by about 13% and 10% from the ratio of 1:1 to the ratio of 1.2:1 in spray and freeze dried powder respectively. Spray dried powder had higher encapsulation efficiency than freeze dried. In addition, the ratio of (1:1) can be considered as the most suitable ratio could be applied as it allows reasonable concentration of omeg-3 in the same time, the encapsulation efficiency is acceptable. Many authors and foundations suggested 500 mg of ω-3 fatty acids as daily requirement, this amount can be covered by 4.38g of powder of 1:1 fish oil:WPC. Oxidation stability was determined for fish oil as a control and for the encapsulated fish oil powder (EFOP) along 90 days storage at 4°C. Degree of oxidation (TBAR values) was gradually increased in both fish oil (control) and EFOP with the advance of storage time. TBAR values of fish oil were dramatically increased throughout storage time (10 at zero time, and it become 325 nmolMAD/kg oil at day 90). On the other hand the increment of TBAR values in EFOP was not so remarkable (18 as minimum at zero time, and it become 53 as maximum nmol MDA/kg oil at day 90). Encapsulation of fish oil strongly delayed the oxidation development in the powder beside the influence of antioxidant (α-tochopherol) which was added. The third factor which considerably impaired oxidation is the low storage temperature (4°C). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that spray drying resulted in spherical particles of different sizes with collapse or shriveling, visible wrinkles or dimples on the surface, but no apparent pores. On the other hand, freeze dried powder showed a completely different morphology of particles. Relatively low magnification (x1500) showed the powder in plates-like layers without pores on the surface, while magnification of (x3500) was not clear enough to describe the image content. At the same magnification of (x3500), spray dried powder showed clear individual spherical particles with different sizes. Images of spray dried powder with magnifications of (x10000 and x15000) were very sharp and distinctive. The particles were mostly about 2um diameter with smooth surface and visible wrinkles. Magnification more than (x3500) for freeze dried powder was not successful to show any useful details.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2908_2521e7a098b06f882567a4b94a339e00.pdf
Spray drying
Freeze drying
fish oil powder
Encapsulation
Oxidation
Microstructure
whey protein concentrate
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-01
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
249
261
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.2910
2910
Original Article
Forest and Rangeland Staff' Training Needs in Iraqi Kurdistan Region and Correlation to Personal and Occupational Factors
الاحتياجات التدريبية لموظفي الغابات والمراعي في اقليم کردستان العراق وعلاقتها ببعض المتغيرات الشخصية والوظيفية
Abid Ali Hasan Al-Doski
1
Mijda Bahzad Mohammad Alsinayi
2
College of Agriculture and Forestry-University of Dohuk Kurdistan Region _Iraq
College of Agriculture and Forestry-University of Dohuk Kurdistan Region _Iraq
The main objective of the study is to assess the training needs of the forest and rangeland staff in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region (IKR). The procedure is to identify the training needs in all forestry aspects: (forest development, forest protection, forest range management, agro-forestry, environment, tourism and recreation and forestry extension), determining the relationship between the respondents training needs and some of their personal and occupational features, explore the problems and obstacles in the protection and development of forests in IKR; consider the respondents' suggestions for developing and improving Iraqi Kurdistan Region forests. The research samples included 132 employees representing about 77.19% of the research population. The data was collected through questionnaires and personal interviews. The following are the main findings of the study: The results show that 49% of the respondents need extensive training in all the studied forestry disciplines and that there is a significant correlation between the need for training and each of the independent variables (age, career service and origin). Besides, the three stated variables altogether explain about 33.7 % of the variance in the IKR forest and rangeland staff's' need for training. In light of the study findings, the recommendations was developing training plans and programs for the Iraqi Kurdistan region forest and rangeland staff in the prioritized topics the respondents desire to be trained in.
The main objective of the study is to assess the training needs of the forest and rangeland staff in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region (IKR). The procedure is to identify the training needs in all forestry aspects: (forest development, forest protection, forest range management, agro-forestry, environment, tourism and recreation and forestry extension), determining the relationship between the respondents training needs and some of their personal and occupational features, explore the problems and obstacles in the protection and development of forests in IKR; consider the respondents' suggestions for developing and improving Iraqi Kurdistan Region forests. The research samples included 132 employees representing about 77.19% of the research population. The data was collected through questionnaires and personal interviews. The following are the main findings of the study: The results show that 49% of the respondents need extensive training in all the studied forestry disciplines and that there is a significant correlation between the need for training and each of the independent variables (age, career service and origin). Besides, the three stated variables altogether explain about 33.7 % of the variance in the IKR forest and rangeland staff's' need for training. In light of the study findings, the recommendations was developing training plans and programs for the Iraqi Kurdistan region forest and rangeland staff in the prioritized topics the respondents desire to be trained in.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2910_0303b46945cab7d3f76fcdbc5dd1c47e.pdf
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-01
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
262
266
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.2912
2912
Original Article
Microbial Biomass and Activity in a Calcareous Soil Amended with Municipal Solid Waste Compost
معدل نشاط الکتلة الحيوية فى الاراضى الجيرية المعاملة بکمبوست مخلفات المنازل الصلبة المکموره
Elsoury, A. H. A.E. Shouman
drhussien_elsoury@yahoo.com
1
S.A.E. Abdelrazek
2
H. M. Elkony
3
Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering Agricultural Research Center, Egypt Institute of Environment Studies Research Ain Shams University, Egypt
Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
The dynamics of soil health indicators such as microbial biomass , urease and acid phosphatase activities, in a calcareous soil amended with different doses of Borg Elarab municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) were studied over 120 days of incubation at 30o C at 60% of soil water holding capacity. The parameters were found to increase with the increase in doses of MSWC. Soil microbial biomass (MB) activity reached peak values at 30 days of incubation and then gradually decreased up to 120 days of incubation. Urease and acid phosphatase activities showed peak values at 60 and 90 days of incubation, respectively. The increase in soil enzyme activities with the fall in MB suggested that the release of enzymes was associated with lysis of microbial cells at the end of their life cycle. There was no indication of any detrimental effect on soil health indicators of application of MSWC to soil ples included 132 employees representing about 77.19% of the research population. The data was collected through questionnaires and personal interviews. The following are the main findings of the study: The results show that 49% of the respondents need extensive training in all the studied forestry disciplines and that there is a significant correlation between the need for training and each of the independent variables (age, career service and origin). Besides, the three stated variables altogether explain about 33.7 % of the variance in the IKR forest and rangeland staff's' need for training. In light of the study findings, the recommendations was developing training plans and programs for the Iraqi Kurdistan region forest and rangeland staff in the prioritized topics the respondents desire to be trained in.
The dynamics of soil health indicators such as microbial biomass , urease and acid phosphatase activities, in a calcareous soil amended with different doses of Borg Elarab municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) were studied over 120 days of incubation at 30o C at 60% of soil water holding capacity. The parameters were found to increase with the increase in doses of MSWC. Soil microbial biomass (MB) activity reached peak values at 30 days of incubation and then gradually decreased up to 120 days of incubation. Urease and acid phosphatase activities showed peak values at 60 and 90 days of incubation, respectively. The increase in soil enzyme activities with the fall in MB suggested that the release of enzymes was associated with lysis of microbial cells at the end of their life cycle. There was no indication of any detrimental effect on soil health indicators of application of MSWC to soil ples included 132 employees representing about 77.19% of the research population. The data was collected through questionnaires and personal interviews. The following are the main findings of the study: The results show that 49% of the respondents need extensive training in all the studied forestry disciplines and that there is a significant correlation between the need for training and each of the independent variables (age, career service and origin). Besides, the three stated variables altogether explain about 33.7 % of the variance in the IKR forest and rangeland staff's' need for training. In light of the study findings, the recommendations was developing training plans and programs for the Iraqi Kurdistan region forest and rangeland staff in the prioritized topics the respondents desire to be trained in.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2912_bbc0bf3ab7648e10036e9c3016e52b77.pdf
microbial biomass
Calcareous soil
Municipal solid waste
compost
Borg Elarab
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-01
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
287
273
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.2914
2914
Original Article
Biochemical Alterations Induced by Abamectin in Albino Rats, Rattus norvegicus
التغيرات البيوکيميائية الناجمة عن الأبامکتين في الجرذان البيضاء، الجرذ النرويجي
N. A. Hamed
1
R. K. Abdel-Razik
2
Dept. of Mammalian and Aquatic Toxicology, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory (CAPL), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Alexandria, Egypt
Dept. of Mammalian and Aquatic Toxicology, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory (CAPL), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Alexandria, Egypt
Abamectin is a multipurpose pesticide, used as insecticide, nematicide, acaricide and antiparasitic agent in farm animals and pets. This study examined biochemical evaluation of liver and kidney functions as a result of abamectin toxicity in male albino rats. A single sublethal oral dose of 3.3mg Kg-1 body weight (1/3 LD50) was given. Hepatotoxicity was monitored at various times (4, 24 and 336 h) by quantitative analysis of the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, total protein, albumin, total bilrubin, triglycerides and total cholesterol levels. Creatinine and urea were used as the biomarkers of kidney damages. Results showed that abamectin administration caused no clear interaction on total protein level, while AST, ALT and ALP activities, total bilrubin, triglycerides, cholesterol, creatinine and urea levels were increased. Whereas albumin level showed a significant reduction when compared with control group. In conclusion, the results indicated that changes in body and relative organ weights have been used as indicators of adverse effects of abamectin and also the alteration in tested enzymes activity and other parameters can be used as relevant biomarkers for monitoring toxicity due to abamectin exposure in mammals.
Abamectin is a multipurpose pesticide, used as insecticide, nematicide, acaricide and antiparasitic agent in farm animals and pets. This study examined biochemical evaluation of liver and kidney functions as a result of abamectin toxicity in male albino rats. A single sublethal oral dose of 3.3mg Kg-1 body weight (1/3 LD50) was given. Hepatotoxicity was monitored at various times (4, 24 and 336 h) by quantitative analysis of the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, total protein, albumin, total bilrubin, triglycerides and total cholesterol levels. Creatinine and urea were used as the biomarkers of kidney damages. Results showed that abamectin administration caused no clear interaction on total protein level, while AST, ALT and ALP activities, total bilrubin, triglycerides, cholesterol, creatinine and urea levels were increased. Whereas albumin level showed a significant reduction when compared with control group. In conclusion, the results indicated that changes in body and relative organ weights have been used as indicators of adverse effects of abamectin and also the alteration in tested enzymes activity and other parameters can be used as relevant biomarkers for monitoring toxicity due to abamectin exposure in mammals.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2914_38e6001616f72126d4eaddd1ed7c35e8.pdf
Abamectin toxicity
Relative organ weight
biochemical parameters
serum
Rats
سمية أبامکتين وزن الجهاز النسبي المعلمات البيوکيميائية. مصل. الجرذان
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-01
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
274
281
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.2915
2915
Original Article
Seed Oil Content and Fatty Acids Composition of Maize under Heat and Water Stress
محتوى الزيت وترکيب الأحماض الدهنية لحبوب الذرة تحت تأثير الحرارة والاجهاد المائي
A. Ashgan Abou Gabal
1
F. Amera Zaitoun
gene.expression83@yahoo.com
2
Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria, Egypt
Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria, Egypt
Water deficiency and high temperature has adverse effect on the economic importance of maize crop. A field experiment was conducted during summer 2012 to assess the variation in oil content and fatty acids synthesis with respect to drought and heat tolerance in eight maize genotypes at a farm in El-Omaid village, El Hamam city, Marsa Matroh government. Relative water content (RWC) and cell membrane thermos-stability (CMT) were measured and oil content and fatty acids composition were also estimated. Water deficit and heat caused a significant reduction in RWC of all genotypes studied in contrary to cell membrane injury which was elevated significantly due to stresses. Analysis of maize seeds showed that the oil content decreased significantly. It was found that genotypes have significant effect on oleic, linoleic and arachidic acids, while water stress affected significantly on palmitic, oleic, linoleic, arachidic and homo-gamma-linolenic acids. Furthermore, the interaction between genotypes and water stress had a significant effect on both oleic and linoleic. On the other hand, there were an increasing in both ratios of unsaturated/saturated fatty acids (average increased from 3.15 to 3.86) and oleic/Stearic (average increased from 4.89 to 7.73) revealed that unsaturation of fatty acids increased under both stresses. The results indicated that genotype DT62 and DT190 have oil composition less affected under drought and heat stress and it's recommended to be used in the maize improvement programmers in Egypt.
Water deficiency and high temperature has adverse effect on the economic importance of maize crop. A field experiment was conducted during summer 2012 to assess the variation in oil content and fatty acids synthesis with respect to drought and heat tolerance in eight maize genotypes at a farm in El-Omaid village, El Hamam city, Marsa Matroh government. Relative water content (RWC) and cell membrane thermos-stability (CMT) were measured and oil content and fatty acids composition were also estimated. Water deficit and heat caused a significant reduction in RWC of all genotypes studied in contrary to cell membrane injury which was elevated significantly due to stresses. Analysis of maize seeds showed that the oil content decreased significantly. It was found that genotypes have significant effect on oleic, linoleic and arachidic acids, while water stress affected significantly on palmitic, oleic, linoleic, arachidic and homo-gamma-linolenic acids. Furthermore, the interaction between genotypes and water stress had a significant effect on both oleic and linoleic. On the other hand, there were an increasing in both ratios of unsaturated/saturated fatty acids (average increased from 3.15 to 3.86) and oleic/Stearic (average increased from 4.89 to 7.73) revealed that unsaturation of fatty acids increased under both stresses. The results indicated that genotype DT62 and DT190 have oil composition less affected under drought and heat stress and it's recommended to be used in the maize improvement programmers in Egypt.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2915_c2a7c1301376c076d60d127ec8fa7804.pdf
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-01
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
282
291
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.2916
2916
Original Article
New Approach for Controlling Broomrape Plants in Faba Bean
أسلوب جديد لمکافحة نباتات الهالوک بالفول البلدى
Kandil, E. E. E.
1
A. M. Kordy
2
A. A. Abou Zied
3
Plant production Department, The Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Egypt..
Plant production Department, The Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Egypt..
Legumes Crops Department, Field Crops Institute, Agric. Res. Center (ARC), Egypt.
To improve controlling Broomrape (Orobanche crenata) grown in faba bean crop via new approaches as planting modern cultivars under different times of spraying Roundup < sup>® ((glyphosate 48% WSC)) as herbicide and foliar application of some micronutrients (Fe, Mn and Zn), was conducted in a private farm in El-Horreya village, Abou El-Matamir, El-Behira governorate, Egypt, during two successive winter seasons of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 in sandy loam soil. The experimental design was a split- split plot design with three replications, where as the treatments were distributed at random as follows; Roundup < sup>® (glyphosate) spraying times (without, one time, or two times) were applied at main plots, while foliar spray of micronutrients (Fe, Mn and Zn) were allocated in the subplots and field bean cultivars (Nubaria1, Nubaria 2 or Nubaria 3) were located in the sub-sub plot. The main results indicated that spraying Roundup < sup>® (glyphosate 48% WSC) twice where, the first spraying applied beginning the flowering while the second spraying was applied after two weeks from the first treatment at 180 cm3 (Roundup)/480 L (water)/ha.), caused significant increase of faba bean yield and reduced number and weight of broomrape as compared with other treatments. “Nubaria 2” cultivar achieved the highest mean values for most of yield characters, while the cultivar Nubaria 3 gave the lowest values. On the other hand, spraying micronutrients 2 times after 45 and 60 days from sowing achieved higher yield and its components of faba bean under the study condition in El-Behira Governorate, Egypt.
To improve controlling Broomrape (Orobanche crenata) grown in faba bean crop via new approaches as planting modern cultivars under different times of spraying Roundup < sup>® ((glyphosate 48% WSC)) as herbicide and foliar application of some micronutrients (Fe, Mn and Zn), was conducted in a private farm in El-Horreya village, Abou El-Matamir, El-Behira governorate, Egypt, during two successive winter seasons of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 in sandy loam soil. The experimental design was a split- split plot design with three replications, where as the treatments were distributed at random as follows; Roundup < sup>® (glyphosate) spraying times (without, one time, or two times) were applied at main plots, while foliar spray of micronutrients (Fe, Mn and Zn) were allocated in the subplots and field bean cultivars (Nubaria1, Nubaria 2 or Nubaria 3) were located in the sub-sub plot. The main results indicated that spraying Roundup < sup>® (glyphosate 48% WSC) twice where, the first spraying applied beginning the flowering while the second spraying was applied after two weeks from the first treatment at 180 cm3 (Roundup)/480 L (water)/ha.), caused significant increase of faba bean yield and reduced number and weight of broomrape as compared with other treatments. “Nubaria 2” cultivar achieved the highest mean values for most of yield characters, while the cultivar Nubaria 3 gave the lowest values. On the other hand, spraying micronutrients 2 times after 45 and 60 days from sowing achieved higher yield and its components of faba bean under the study condition in El-Behira Governorate, Egypt.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_2916_8e11ed23f114b1c9eb48cfb6a34bc7f8.pdf
Faba bean cultivars
Broomrape
yield components
herbicides
Micronutrients
Glyphosate
Roundup
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-01
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
349
360
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.154969
154969
Original Article
The Economic Efficiency of the Red Meat Production Farms in New Lands (Case Study in Nuberia Region)
الجدارة الاقتصادية لانتاج اللحوم الحمراء فى الاراضي الجديدة (دراسة حالة فى منطقة النوبارية)
Amr Abd El-Hamied Refat
1
Assistant Research Professor - Department of Economic Studies - Desert Research Center
The main objectives of the study were to estimate the production function of red meat production farms in Nubaria region,to determine the main factors affect the dimension and degree oh using the agricultural economic resources efficiently at the red meat production farms in the area under the study. The study is depend on primary data collected from a sample of 75 red meat production farms in Nuberia district. The sample was divided into tow categories, the first category includes 40 farms that contains 1-5 animal units each, while the second category include35 farms of more than 5 animal units .the statistical analysis used include steo-wise multi-regression as well as some other models such as linear,logarithm,semi-long and quadratic for both categories under study. The results of the study has shown that the most important variables thet affect the red meat production farms category are; number of animal units(x1), quantity of concentrated forage per ton(x4), and, quantity of green feed per ton(x5), the production elasticity estimated to these variables were 0.49, 0.32 and 0.063 respectively. the estimated ratio of MPV to opportunity cost of these resources in order to identify economic efficiency of the utilization of the above use both concentrated and the green feed,and to receive equivalent values of MPV and opportunity cost,it is recommended that must reduce the quantity used of the both feed. The result of the study has shown that the most important variables that affect the red meat production farms of the second category are; ;number of animal units(x1),quantity of concentrated forage per ton(x4), and ,quantity of green feed per ton(x5), the production elasticity estimated to these variables were 0.34, 0.23 0.20 respectively. the estimated ratio of MPV to opportunity cost of these resources in order to determine economic efficiency of the utilization of the above mentioned resources were about 2.03, 0.67 and 0.27 respectively,which means the MPV was better than the opportunity cost of these three variables. The producers can increase their profit from the meat production through increasing the animal units and quantity used from both concentrated and green forage ,in order to get equivalent values of MPV and opportunity cost. In general, it has been shown that the secomd farm category was better than the frist category with respect to both the average productivity and efficiency of the utilization of the agricultural economic and the increase available which means the increment in the average productivity and the increase in the agricultural economic resources efficiency of the animal farm used will increase as the farm animal capacity increase.
The main objectives of the study were to estimate the production function of red meat production farms in Nubaria region,to determine the main factors affect the dimension and degree oh using the agricultural economic resources efficiently at the red meat production farms in the area under the study. The study is depend on primary data collected from a sample of 75 red meat production farms in Nuberia district. The sample was divided into tow categories, the first category includes 40 farms that contains 1-5 animal units each, while the second category include35 farms of more than 5 animal units .the statistical analysis used include steo-wise multi-regression as well as some other models such as linear,logarithm,semi-long and quadratic for both categories under study. The results of the study has shown that the most important variables thet affect the red meat production farms category are; number of animal units(x1), quantity of concentrated forage per ton(x4), and, quantity of green feed per ton(x5), the production elasticity estimated to these variables were 0.49, 0.32 and 0.063 respectively. the estimated ratio of MPV to opportunity cost of these resources in order to identify economic efficiency of the utilization of the above use both concentrated and the green feed,and to receive equivalent values of MPV and opportunity cost,it is recommended that must reduce the quantity used of the both feed. The result of the study has shown that the most important variables that affect the red meat production farms of the second category are; ;number of animal units(x1),quantity of concentrated forage per ton(x4), and ,quantity of green feed per ton(x5), the production elasticity estimated to these variables were 0.34, 0.23 0.20 respectively. the estimated ratio of MPV to opportunity cost of these resources in order to determine economic efficiency of the utilization of the above mentioned resources were about 2.03, 0.67 and 0.27 respectively,which means the MPV was better than the opportunity cost of these three variables. The producers can increase their profit from the meat production through increasing the animal units and quantity used from both concentrated and green forage ,in order to get equivalent values of MPV and opportunity cost. In general, it has been shown that the secomd farm category was better than the frist category with respect to both the average productivity and efficiency of the utilization of the agricultural economic and the increase available which means the increment in the average productivity and the increase in the agricultural economic resources efficiency of the animal farm used will increase as the farm animal capacity increase.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_154969_b60d77c5e584dcc49bea848bcf17a932.pdf
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-30
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
361
375
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.154974
154974
Original Article
Features and the Development of Libyan Foreign Agricultural Trade
ملامح وتطور التجارة الخارجية الزراعية الليبية
Soad Saleh Mykaeal
1
Dina Mohamed El-Shaer
2
Gaber Ahmed Bassyouni
3
Mohamd Kamal El-Etr
4
Assistant Professor of Agricultural Economics - Department of Agricultural Economics - College of Agriculture (Saba Pasha) Alexandria University - Member of the Supervisory Committee.
Assistant Professor of Agricultural Economics - Department of Agricultural Economics - College of Agriculture (Saba Pasha) Alexandria University - Member of the Supervisory Committee.
Assistant Professor of Agricultural Economics - Department of Agricultural Economics - College of Agriculture (Saba Pasha) Alexandria University - Member of the Supervisory Committee.
Full-time Professor of Agricultural Economics - Department of Agricultural Economics - College of Agriculture (Saba Pasha)
The main objective of this paper is to identify the features and the development of Libyan foreign agricultural trade by addressing the following objectives: (1) studying and analyzing of the Libyan foreign agricultural trade structure, (2) calculate the efficiency of Libyan foreign agricultural trade standards. Descriptive and theoretical statistical analysis has been used to achieve the objectives of this paper and to access to the results that serve the objectives of the study.
A review of the features and the evolution of Libyan foreign agricultural trade showed increasing the gap value of the Libyan agricultural trade balance from approximately 360.4 million dinars in 1991 to about 2757 million dinars in 2010 with an annual growth rate of about 13% at 0.01 level of significance. A review of the results of indicators of Libyan foreign agricultural trade efficiency showed decreasing of these indicators during the second period (2001- 2010) compared with the first period (1991- 2000). These indicators consisted in the following: average per capita from the Libyan foreign agricultural trade, the rate of Libyan agricultural exports coverage to Libyan agricultural imports, rate the performance of Libyan foreign agricultural trade sector and finally average propensity to agricultural import medium and the tendency for agricultural export. But for the indicator of the rate of Libyan agricultural economic dependency to the outside world, it shows increasing this indicator during the second period (2001- 2010) compared with the first period (1991- 2000) .It also turns out that the Libyan economy is subject to the phenomenon of instability in foreign agricultural trade, which could lead to a negative signal to the values of the tendency emergence of marginal agricultural export and marginal propensity to agricultural import for some years, and then there will be difficulty to calculate geometric mean of the values of this tendency, is to overcome this phenomenon in this study by the marginal propensity account to find the relationship of simple regression between each of the national agricultural income as an independent variable and value of foreign agricultural trade (or the value of Libyan agricultural exports or imports) as dependent variable in the model of double logarithm, which indicate that decreasing value of agricultural export coefficient during the second period (2001-2010) compare with the first period (1991-2000), this result explains that Libyan economy direction to raise agricultural imports during second period (2001-2010) compare with the first period (1991-2000).
The main objective of this paper is to identify the features and the development of Libyan foreign agricultural trade by addressing the following objectives: (1) studying and analyzing of the Libyan foreign agricultural trade structure, (2) calculate the efficiency of Libyan foreign agricultural trade standards. Descriptive and theoretical statistical analysis has been used to achieve the objectives of this paper and to access to the results that serve the objectives of the study.
A review of the features and the evolution of Libyan foreign agricultural trade showed increasing the gap value of the Libyan agricultural trade balance from approximately 360.4 million dinars in 1991 to about 2757 million dinars in 2010 with an annual growth rate of about 13% at 0.01 level of significance. A review of the results of indicators of Libyan foreign agricultural trade efficiency showed decreasing of these indicators during the second period (2001- 2010) compared with the first period (1991- 2000). These indicators consisted in the following: average per capita from the Libyan foreign agricultural trade, the rate of Libyan agricultural exports coverage to Libyan agricultural imports, rate the performance of Libyan foreign agricultural trade sector and finally average propensity to agricultural import medium and the tendency for agricultural export. But for the indicator of the rate of Libyan agricultural economic dependency to the outside world, it shows increasing this indicator during the second period (2001- 2010) compared with the first period (1991- 2000) .It also turns out that the Libyan economy is subject to the phenomenon of instability in foreign agricultural trade, which could lead to a negative signal to the values of the tendency emergence of marginal agricultural export and marginal propensity to agricultural import for some years, and then there will be difficulty to calculate geometric mean of the values of this tendency, is to overcome this phenomenon in this study by the marginal propensity account to find the relationship of simple regression between each of the national agricultural income as an independent variable and value of foreign agricultural trade (or the value of Libyan agricultural exports or imports) as dependent variable in the model of double logarithm, which indicate that decreasing value of agricultural export coefficient during the second period (2001-2010) compare with the first period (1991-2000), this result explains that Libyan economy direction to raise agricultural imports during second period (2001-2010) compare with the first period (1991-2000).
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_154974_606f8a8edb1629a17ced8db4c11d45b4.pdf
Libyan Republic
balance of agricultural foreign trade - indicators of Libyan agricultural foreign trade efficiency
الجمهورية الليبية
هيکل التجارة الخارجية الزراعية
الميزان التجاري الزراعي
معدل التبعية الإقتصاديةالزراعية
معدل تغطية الصادرات الزراعية للواردات الزراعية
معدل التبادل الدولي للتجارة الخارجية الزراعية
الميل المتوسط للتجارة الخارجية الزراعية
الميل الحدي للتجارة الخارجية الزراعية
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-30
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
376
406
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.154976
154976
Original Article
Take Advantage of Leftover Yarns of Different Materials in Factories to Produce out Wear Clothing For Ladies Achieve the Aesthetic Appearance and the Functional Performance
الاستفادة من بواقي خيوط الخامات المختلفة بالمصانع لإنتاج ملابس خارجية للسيدات تحقق الأداء الوظيفي والمظهر الجمالي
Amal Ahmed Mohamed Mahmoud
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science (Rural Home Economics Division) - Faculty of Agriculture - Zagazig University
The search is designed to Take advantage of leftover Yarns of different Materials in factories to produce Out Wear Clothing for Ladies achieve the Aesthetic appearance and the Functional performance and using leftover yarn in the production of angled wefts (materials, spinning style, mixing ratio, colors, yarns counts) various types of fabric ladiesOut Wearconsumers with aesthetic values and specifications check the positive influence on the aesthetic and functional performance, as well as the economic side, Also produce all the twisted yarns samples and (5) of the individual yarns (leftover yarns) using a cabled loop and process these samples with different (materials, spinning style, mixing ratio, counts, colors) and use in several materials are: Poly-acrylic (60%)+ Linen(40%)Turquoise/Beige, Poly-acrylic (100%)+ Cotton (100%) Beige/white, poly-acrylic (50%) + Linen (50%) Red /Beige, Poly-acrylic (67%) + Polyester (33%) Red/Red, Poly-acrylic (50%) + Linen(50%) Grey/Beige, and used as wefts at( ELZAWY) factory in (ALSALAM) city Cairo. (5) samples of fabrics were produced from twisted yarns and these samples produced by the Egyptian company for spinning and weaving Wool in (Imbaba), Cairo to take advantage of leftover yarns in the production of adequate functional fabric and the aesthetic and economic at the same time are with the invention. some laboratory tests conducted on fabrics is produced (Tensile strength, Elongation ratio, Weight loss as a result of friction, fabrics Stiffness, Resistant of Tearing, Weight per square meter) in laboratories, National Research Centre, Dokki– Cairo. A questionnaire designed was presented to a group of specialists in the field of Clothing and Textiles to determine the appropriateness of both materials, structure, threaded colors, clothes density, intensity aesthetic appearance, texture, decorative effects). The main results were as follow:- - Made clothing fabrics for ladies produced from different materials leftover yarns of the degree of acceptance and success in the light of the average assessment of arbitrators to the first axis of evaluation and design elements ranging between quality assessment (95,83% and for sample(2), 97,78% and for sample number(4) and it is high ratio). -Made clothing fabrics for ladies produced from different materials leftover yarns of the degree of acceptance and success in the light of the average assessment of arbitrators to the second theme of the evaluation, it found design quality rating ranging between (96,25% and for sample(2) 97,92% and for the sample no. (5) and it is high ratio). -Made clothing fabrics for ladies produced from different raw materials leftover threads of the degree of acceptance and success in the light of the average assessment of arbitrators to the third axis of evaluation and it is aesthetically ranging between quality assessment (95,67%, for sample (2), 97% and for sample number (4) and it is high ratio). -Made clothing fabrics for ladies produced from different materials leftover threads of the degree of acceptance and success in the light of the average assessment of arbitrators for the fourth axis of the evaluation and is functionally ranging between quality assessment (95,67%, for sample (2), 97, 33% and for sample number(4) and it is high ratio). Axis can be arranged in the light of the average ratings of the arbitrators as follows: Design elements, functional , aesthetic and design principles. - The first sample has a higher Tensile strength and resistance to Tearing and the highest percentage of Weight loss as a result of Friction while the fifth sample gave less Tensile strength and resistance to Tearing and lowest weight loss due Friction. - Had the fourth highest percentage of sample Elongation while the third and the fifth sample achieved the lowest Elongation. -Achieved the third highest sample Stiffness while the fourth sample less Stiffness. -The first sample has a higher weight per square meter, while the fourth sample less weight per square meter. - Best sample no. (1) and lower sample no. (5) of the Out wear ladies clothing fabrics produced from leftover strands of different materials in the light of the results of natural and mechanical tests. - A Correlation was Found between the arbitrators to order samples and arrange them in the light of the results of natural and mechanical tests.
The search is designed to Take advantage of leftover Yarns of different Materials in factories to produce Out Wear Clothing for Ladies achieve the Aesthetic appearance and the Functional performance and using leftover yarn in the production of angled wefts (materials, spinning style, mixing ratio, colors, yarns counts) various types of fabric ladiesOut Wearconsumers with aesthetic values and specifications check the positive influence on the aesthetic and functional performance, as well as the economic side, Also produce all the twisted yarns samples and (5) of the individual yarns (leftover yarns) using a cabled loop and process these samples with different (materials, spinning style, mixing ratio, counts, colors) and use in several materials are: Poly-acrylic (60%)+ Linen(40%)Turquoise/Beige, Poly-acrylic (100%)+ Cotton (100%) Beige/white, poly-acrylic (50%) + Linen (50%) Red /Beige, Poly-acrylic (67%) + Polyester (33%) Red/Red, Poly-acrylic (50%) + Linen(50%) Grey/Beige, and used as wefts at( ELZAWY) factory in (ALSALAM) city Cairo. (5) samples of fabrics were produced from twisted yarns and these samples produced by the Egyptian company for spinning and weaving Wool in (Imbaba), Cairo to take advantage of leftover yarns in the production of adequate functional fabric and the aesthetic and economic at the same time are with the invention. some laboratory tests conducted on fabrics is produced (Tensile strength, Elongation ratio, Weight loss as a result of friction, fabrics Stiffness, Resistant of Tearing, Weight per square meter) in laboratories, National Research Centre, Dokki– Cairo. A questionnaire designed was presented to a group of specialists in the field of Clothing and Textiles to determine the appropriateness of both materials, structure, threaded colors, clothes density, intensity aesthetic appearance, texture, decorative effects). The main results were as follow:- - Made clothing fabrics for ladies produced from different materials leftover yarns of the degree of acceptance and success in the light of the average assessment of arbitrators to the first axis of evaluation and design elements ranging between quality assessment (95,83% and for sample(2), 97,78% and for sample number(4) and it is high ratio). -Made clothing fabrics for ladies produced from different materials leftover yarns of the degree of acceptance and success in the light of the average assessment of arbitrators to the second theme of the evaluation, it found design quality rating ranging between (96,25% and for sample(2) 97,92% and for the sample no. (5) and it is high ratio). -Made clothing fabrics for ladies produced from different raw materials leftover threads of the degree of acceptance and success in the light of the average assessment of arbitrators to the third axis of evaluation and it is aesthetically ranging between quality assessment (95,67%, for sample (2), 97% and for sample number (4) and it is high ratio). -Made clothing fabrics for ladies produced from different materials leftover threads of the degree of acceptance and success in the light of the average assessment of arbitrators for the fourth axis of the evaluation and is functionally ranging between quality assessment (95,67%, for sample (2), 97, 33% and for sample number(4) and it is high ratio). Axis can be arranged in the light of the average ratings of the arbitrators as follows: Design elements, functional , aesthetic and design principles. - The first sample has a higher Tensile strength and resistance to Tearing and the highest percentage of Weight loss as a result of Friction while the fifth sample gave less Tensile strength and resistance to Tearing and lowest weight loss due Friction. - Had the fourth highest percentage of sample Elongation while the third and the fifth sample achieved the lowest Elongation. -Achieved the third highest sample Stiffness while the fourth sample less Stiffness. -The first sample has a higher weight per square meter, while the fourth sample less weight per square meter. - Best sample no. (1) and lower sample no. (5) of the Out wear ladies clothing fabrics produced from leftover strands of different materials in the light of the results of natural and mechanical tests. - A Correlation was Found between the arbitrators to order samples and arrange them in the light of the results of natural and mechanical tests.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_154976_8f353bbedaf73ad6afa9f64b78339aad.pdf
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-30
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
407
433
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.154977
154977
Original Article
Economic and Environmental Study for Recycling the Plant Waste in EL-Behiera Governorate
دراسة اقتصادية وبيئية لتدوير المخلفات النباتية في محافظة البحيرة
Abd El Aty Mohammed Mahmoud Ali
1
Ashraf Shebl youness
2
Lecturer, Department of Agricultural Economics - Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources - Aswan University
Teacher of Agricultural Economics - Faculty of Fisheries - Suez University
The study generally aimed at maximizing the utility of Egyptian plant wastes and particularly plant wastes in EL-Behier a governorate and suggesting of the best economic, environmental methods to deal with these wastes. This is in addition to estimating the costs of waste recycling, estimating the economic return of the waste recycling of plant, and studying the economic problems that impede the full utilization of plant waste and damage resulting from improper dealing with plant waste and proposed solutions. The study used the method of qualitative economic analysis for characterizing the problem, in addition to the method of quantitative analysis using some economic indicators such as total revenues, total costs, net yield, economic return on the pound invested, and other common statistical tests such as Cay square(χ2).This study based on two types of data one of them is secondary data which is published and unpublished data issued by agencies and institutions interested in the process of recycling plant wastes, and the other type of data is primary data which is obtained or collected through a random sample selected from four main districts (kom Hamada, Kafer Eldawar, Hosh issa, and Abo Homoss) in EL-Behiera governorate.
This study concluded the following results:
1- The average cost of recycling corn Stover to get 20 tons of green fodder (silage) attained about 2597 pounds, while the average cost of recycling 2.575 tons of dry Stover to get organic fertilizer attained about L.E 1723, the average cost of recycling 2.575 tons of dry Stover for producing the non-conventional feed (treated in urea) attained about 1429 pounds.
2- The average cost of recycling one ton of wheat straw to get the non-conventional feed (treated in urea) attained about 709 pounds, while the average cost to produce a ton of non-conventional feed was (injected ammonia) attained about 844 pounds.
3- The average cost of recycling rice straw to get one ton of non-conventional feed (treated in urea) attained about 449 pounds, the average cost 0f producing one ton of unconventional feed (injected in ammonia) attained about 584 pounds and the average cost of recycling one ton of rice straw to get organic fertilizer about 435 pounds of rice straw.
4- The average cost of recycling cotton stalks to get a ton of organic fertilizer (treated in urea) attained about 849 pounds.
5- Average cost of recycling the peanuts wastes to get a ton of dry hay attained about 445 pounds.
6- By Estimating the average return of the pound from recycling the corn crop to get silage, organic fertilizer, and non-traditional feed (treated in urea) attained about L.E1.66, L.E1.42, and L.E 1.38for each of them respectively. While the average return of the pound from recycling wheat straw to get non-traditional feed (treated in urea) and non-traditional feed (injected in ammonia) attained about L.E 1.53, L. E1.34 respectively. the average return of recycling rice straw for producing the non-traditional feed (treated in urea) and non-traditional feed (injected in ammonia) and organic fertilizers attained about L.E 1.25, L.E 1.15, L.E 1.35 for each of them respectively. The average return of the pound from recycling cotton stalks to get organic fertilizer attained about 1.1. The average return of the pound from recycling the peanut wastes to produce hay attained about 1.56 during the mentioned season.
7- By studying the relative importance of environmental damage resulting from improper dealing with plant waste it is shown that: The most important damages are the decrease in the economic value of plant waste, air pollution, distorting the environment and street scene, declining farm income, pollution of both water canals and drains, causing fires and disasters in both houses and stores, declining farm income, causing a black cloud, soil pollution, harms to animals and reduces production, working the spread of agricultural pests and insects , affecting the cultivated crops and reduce the production and quality, leading to social problems (quarrels between neighbors in the fields).
The study generally aimed at maximizing the utility of Egyptian plant wastes and particularly plant wastes in EL-Behier a governorate and suggesting of the best economic, environmental methods to deal with these wastes. This is in addition to estimating the costs of waste recycling, estimating the economic return of the waste recycling of plant, and studying the economic problems that impede the full utilization of plant waste and damage resulting from improper dealing with plant waste and proposed solutions. The study used the method of qualitative economic analysis for characterizing the problem, in addition to the method of quantitative analysis using some economic indicators such as total revenues, total costs, net yield, economic return on the pound invested, and other common statistical tests such as Cay square(χ2).This study based on two types of data one of them is secondary data which is published and unpublished data issued by agencies and institutions interested in the process of recycling plant wastes, and the other type of data is primary data which is obtained or collected through a random sample selected from four main districts (kom Hamada, Kafer Eldawar, Hosh issa, and Abo Homoss) in EL-Behiera governorate.
This study concluded the following results:
1- The average cost of recycling corn Stover to get 20 tons of green fodder (silage) attained about 2597 pounds, while the average cost of recycling 2.575 tons of dry Stover to get organic fertilizer attained about L.E 1723, the average cost of recycling 2.575 tons of dry Stover for producing the non-conventional feed (treated in urea) attained about 1429 pounds.
2- The average cost of recycling one ton of wheat straw to get the non-conventional feed (treated in urea) attained about 709 pounds, while the average cost to produce a ton of non-conventional feed was (injected ammonia) attained about 844 pounds.
3- The average cost of recycling rice straw to get one ton of non-conventional feed (treated in urea) attained about 449 pounds, the average cost 0f producing one ton of unconventional feed (injected in ammonia) attained about 584 pounds and the average cost of recycling one ton of rice straw to get organic fertilizer about 435 pounds of rice straw.
4- The average cost of recycling cotton stalks to get a ton of organic fertilizer (treated in urea) attained about 849 pounds.
5- Average cost of recycling the peanuts wastes to get a ton of dry hay attained about 445 pounds.
6- By Estimating the average return of the pound from recycling the corn crop to get silage, organic fertilizer, and non-traditional feed (treated in urea) attained about L.E1.66, L.E1.42, and L.E 1.38for each of them respectively. While the average return of the pound from recycling wheat straw to get non-traditional feed (treated in urea) and non-traditional feed (injected in ammonia) attained about L.E 1.53, L. E1.34 respectively. the average return of recycling rice straw for producing the non-traditional feed (treated in urea) and non-traditional feed (injected in ammonia) and organic fertilizers attained about L.E 1.25, L.E 1.15, L.E 1.35 for each of them respectively. The average return of the pound from recycling cotton stalks to get organic fertilizer attained about 1.1. The average return of the pound from recycling the peanut wastes to produce hay attained about 1.56 during the mentioned season.
7- By studying the relative importance of environmental damage resulting from improper dealing with plant waste it is shown that: The most important damages are the decrease in the economic value of plant waste, air pollution, distorting the environment and street scene, declining farm income, pollution of both water canals and drains, causing fires and disasters in both houses and stores, declining farm income, causing a black cloud, soil pollution, harms to animals and reduces production, working the spread of agricultural pests and insects , affecting the cultivated crops and reduce the production and quality, leading to social problems (quarrels between neighbors in the fields).
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_154977_e9b26e0d1aa91b9e03aec747be3d0ec3.pdf
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-30
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
434
466
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.154978
154978
Original Article
Awareness of the Performance of Family Responsibilities among Sample of Mothers of Children with Cerebral Palsy and Its Relation to Life Satisfaction
الوعي بأداء المسئوليات الأسرية لدى عينة من أمهات الأطفال المصابين بالشلل الدماغي وعلاقته بالرضا عن الحياة
Eman Elsayed Mohamed Draz
edraz@su.edu.sa
1
Department of Home Economics - Specialization in House Management - College of Specific Education Mansoura University
Based on the growing interest in disability issues and serious effects on all levels, The present study aimed mainly to revealing the nature of the relationship between the performance of awareness of family responsibilities among mothers of children with cerebral palsy and life satisfaction, Where data were met through the application of research tools of (general data form, awareness of the performance of family responsibilities scale, a measure of satisfaction with life) on a predetermined sample consisted of (100) mother from attending their children with cerebral palsy on a regular basis on the Neurosurgery Clinic in Mansoura University Children's Hospital,selected from different social and economic levels, The research has come to the set of results was the most important Including; There were significant differences between the mean sample in awareness of the performance of family responsibilities degrees (towards the disabled son) in favor of the least degree of disability, and (toward the disabled son- economic responsibilities) in favor of accommodation in cities, as well as the presence of statistically significant differences between the averages of the research sample in personal life satisfaction In favor of the least degree of disability, While there were no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the research sample in each of awareness of the performance of family responsibilities and life satisfaction (dimensions - the total score) according to the sex of the child with a disability, The results also resulted in the presence of statistically significant differences between the mean statistical sample in awareness of the performance of family responsibilities degrees (towards the disabled son) In favor of the Sorted AD younger disabled child, as well as in the performance of awareness of family responsibilities (the total score) in favor of the largest age group of the mother, the highest educational level of parents and The least number of family members, In addition to the presence of statistically significant differences between the mean statistical sample in life satisfaction score in favor of each of the older age group,highest level of education of the mother top and hightest monthly income of the family, and the existence of a positive correlation between the performance of each of awareness of family responsibilities (towards the disabled son toward Family members - the total score) as well as family life satisfaction and total score, While there were no correlation between awareness of the performance of family responsibilities (toward home-economic responsibilities), and satisfaction with personal life.
The researcher submitted number of recommendations that describes some of the strategies that serve pregnant mother and child with a disability and his family, And improve the level of quality of care and services provided by the Ministry of Health, medical centers, hospitals and specialized agencies .
Based on the growing interest in disability issues and serious effects on all levels, The present study aimed mainly to revealing the nature of the relationship between the performance of awareness of family responsibilities among mothers of children with cerebral palsy and life satisfaction, Where data were met through the application of research tools of (general data form, awareness of the performance of family responsibilities scale, a measure of satisfaction with life) on a predetermined sample consisted of (100) mother from attending their children with cerebral palsy on a regular basis on the Neurosurgery Clinic in Mansoura University Children's Hospital,selected from different social and economic levels, The research has come to the set of results was the most important Including; There were significant differences between the mean sample in awareness of the performance of family responsibilities degrees (towards the disabled son) in favor of the least degree of disability, and (toward the disabled son- economic responsibilities) in favor of accommodation in cities, as well as the presence of statistically significant differences between the averages of the research sample in personal life satisfaction In favor of the least degree of disability, While there were no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the research sample in each of awareness of the performance of family responsibilities and life satisfaction (dimensions - the total score) according to the sex of the child with a disability, The results also resulted in the presence of statistically significant differences between the mean statistical sample in awareness of the performance of family responsibilities degrees (towards the disabled son) In favor of the Sorted AD younger disabled child, as well as in the performance of awareness of family responsibilities (the total score) in favor of the largest age group of the mother, the highest educational level of parents and The least number of family members, In addition to the presence of statistically significant differences between the mean statistical sample in life satisfaction score in favor of each of the older age group,highest level of education of the mother top and hightest monthly income of the family, and the existence of a positive correlation between the performance of each of awareness of family responsibilities (towards the disabled son toward Family members - the total score) as well as family life satisfaction and total score, While there were no correlation between awareness of the performance of family responsibilities (toward home-economic responsibilities), and satisfaction with personal life.
The researcher submitted number of recommendations that describes some of the strategies that serve pregnant mother and child with a disability and his family, And improve the level of quality of care and services provided by the Ministry of Health, medical centers, hospitals and specialized agencies .
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_154978_e2ff1501302e622005702e4d2f8bcecc.pdf
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-30
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
467
494
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.154979
154979
Original Article
Effective Parenthood as Perceived by Children and Their Relationship with some Self-Management Skills for Sample of University Students
الوالدية الفاعلة کما يدرکها الأبناء وعلاقتها ببعض مهارات إدارة الذات لدى عينة من طلاب الجامعة
Eman Elsayed Mohamed Draz
edraz@su.edu.sa
1
Department of Home Economics - Specialization in House Management - College of Specific Education Mansoura University
The current research aims mainly to detect the nature of the relationship between effective parenthoodas perceived by the children and some self-management skills among university students, The data were met through the application of research tools and of (raw data form, parental actors scale, a measure of self-management skills) on the strength of intentded sample of 200 young men and women in various stages of study of the theoretical and practical faculties at Mansoura University, belonging to the f amilies of different social and economic levels of the countryside and urban areas Dakahlia governorate, and conducting appropriate statistical analyzes to evaluate the results, The research has led to a group of the results, was the most important of which are the existence of statistically significant differences between average scores of children in self-management skills (Perceived – Self Efficacy) according to gender in favor of females, and in( academic integration) according to each (sex in favor of males, the nature of the study in favor of practical faculties, housing area in favor of urban housing area), While there are no statistically significant differences between average scores of children in parental awareness actors (guidance, participation and support, total score) according to each sex, the nature of the study, the housing area, and the resulted revealed the existence of statistically significant variation between average scores of children in effective parenthood(guidance) and self-management skills (perceived – self Efficacy) according to the size of the family in favor of small size families, as well as in total score of effective parenthood, self-management skills as a whole according to the level of education of the father and the mother in favor of higher level, Also it revealed the existence of statistically significant variation between the average scores of the children in the self-management skills (total score) according to the monthly income of the family in favor of the children of high-income,While there was no statistically significant variation between the average scores of children in parental awareness of factors (guidance and counseling - participation and support - total score) according to the stage of study for students, Finally there were a positive correlation between each of the effective parenthood as perceived by the children dimensions of (guidance and counseling- Participation and support- total score) and the skills of self-management dimensions of (perceived self- efficacy - academic integration - total score).
In light of the results the researcher proposed a numbers of recommendations that explain how to enhance interest in spreading awareness of proper educational methods in dealing with children, and in ways that develop the children self-management skills at the family and the university level
The current research aims mainly to detect the nature of the relationship between effective parenthoodas perceived by the children and some self-management skills among university students, The data were met through the application of research tools and of (raw data form, parental actors scale, a measure of self-management skills) on the strength of intentded sample of 200 young men and women in various stages of study of the theoretical and practical faculties at Mansoura University, belonging to the f amilies of different social and economic levels of the countryside and urban areas Dakahlia governorate, and conducting appropriate statistical analyzes to evaluate the results, The research has led to a group of the results, was the most important of which are the existence of statistically significant differences between average scores of children in self-management skills (Perceived – Self Efficacy) according to gender in favor of females, and in( academic integration) according to each (sex in favor of males, the nature of the study in favor of practical faculties, housing area in favor of urban housing area), While there are no statistically significant differences between average scores of children in parental awareness actors (guidance, participation and support, total score) according to each sex, the nature of the study, the housing area, and the resulted revealed the existence of statistically significant variation between average scores of children in effective parenthood(guidance) and self-management skills (perceived – self Efficacy) according to the size of the family in favor of small size families, as well as in total score of effective parenthood, self-management skills as a whole according to the level of education of the father and the mother in favor of higher level, Also it revealed the existence of statistically significant variation between the average scores of the children in the self-management skills (total score) according to the monthly income of the family in favor of the children of high-income,While there was no statistically significant variation between the average scores of children in parental awareness of factors (guidance and counseling - participation and support - total score) according to the stage of study for students, Finally there were a positive correlation between each of the effective parenthood as perceived by the children dimensions of (guidance and counseling- Participation and support- total score) and the skills of self-management dimensions of (perceived self- efficacy - academic integration - total score).
In light of the results the researcher proposed a numbers of recommendations that explain how to enhance interest in spreading awareness of proper educational methods in dealing with children, and in ways that develop the children self-management skills at the family and the university level
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_154979_5acaabd71c39685aed3bf9809de8a034.pdf
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-01
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
495
513
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.154982
154982
Original Article
Factors Related to Rural Woman’s Knowledge and Practices Concerning Obtaining Safe Food for Their Families
العوامل المرتبطة بمعارف وممارسات الريفيات المتعلقة بالحصول على الغذاء الآمن لأسرهن
Nevin Mostafa Hafez
1
Naser Ibrahim El Sawy
2
Gamal Bekhet Hussein
3
Lamiaa Mohamrd Abd elmoname
4
Department of Home Economics - Faculty of Agriculture - El Shatby - Alexandria University
Department of Home Economics - Faculty of Agriculture - El Shatby - Alexandria University
Agricultural Extension Research Institute - Agricultural Research Center
Agricultural Extension Research Institute - Agricultural Research Center
The research target is:
Factors related to Rural woman’s Knowledge and Practices Concerning Obtaining Safe Food for their Families. This search included all farmers wives of the territory holder according to the data from log 2 Services in the model village Agricultural Administration Almaamourah in Alexandria. A random sample selected comprising 30% of the total number of land holders. The data was collected through questionnaires which is against personal 200-Wife interview. The results showed that knowledge of respondents on the purchase and preparation and food preservation level was Poor, moderate, and good for 28 %, 33% and 39% of the respondents, respectively regarding cleanliness food, preparation and cooking as well as preservation, the results were 34.5% ,33% and 32.5%, respectively. Statistical analysis results showed significant relationship at the probability level (0.05) between the educational status of the research samples and their husbands, number of children, and the frequency visiting urban areas as independent factors and level of knowledge as dependents factor, also there was a direct relationship at the probability level (0.05) between the educational status of the respondent and their practices. There was a positive significant relation (0.01) between the number of sons, and the frequency visiting of urban areas as independent and practices of the respondents as the dependent factor. Was Chi squared test showed the presence of statistically significant differences (0.01) of the samples according to their professional status with respect to their Knowledge and practices, while statistically significant differences did not exist according to the to their husbands profession.
The research target is:
Factors related to Rural woman’s Knowledge and Practices Concerning Obtaining Safe Food for their Families. This search included all farmers wives of the territory holder according to the data from log 2 Services in the model village Agricultural Administration Almaamourah in Alexandria. A random sample selected comprising 30% of the total number of land holders. The data was collected through questionnaires which is against personal 200-Wife interview. The results showed that knowledge of respondents on the purchase and preparation and food preservation level was Poor, moderate, and good for 28 %, 33% and 39% of the respondents, respectively regarding cleanliness food, preparation and cooking as well as preservation, the results were 34.5% ,33% and 32.5%, respectively. Statistical analysis results showed significant relationship at the probability level (0.05) between the educational status of the research samples and their husbands, number of children, and the frequency visiting urban areas as independent factors and level of knowledge as dependents factor, also there was a direct relationship at the probability level (0.05) between the educational status of the respondent and their practices. There was a positive significant relation (0.01) between the number of sons, and the frequency visiting of urban areas as independent and practices of the respondents as the dependent factor. Was Chi squared test showed the presence of statistically significant differences (0.01) of the samples according to their professional status with respect to their Knowledge and practices, while statistically significant differences did not exist according to the to their husbands profession.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_154982_915a73f5815ee35804fe2079ecd84765.pdf
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-01
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
514
538
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.154986
154986
Original Article
Creating Designs for Evening Wear for Women Inspired by the Natural Flowers
ابتکار تصميمات لملابس السهرة للسيدات مستوحاه من الزهور الطبيعية
Nancy Abdel-Maaboud El- Sawy
1
Lecturer at the Faculty of Specific Education - Tanta University
Nature is representing a very rich source to provide creative ideas to innovate and renovate fashion lines. In the present study, the researcher will create novel fifteen designs formed of unique mix of elements inspired from different flowers beauty structures. The flowers used are
(Carnations Flower – Display Link Flower – Lotus Flower – gerbera Flower - calla Lily Flower)
Research Enquires
1- Do natural design lines suit ladies evening wear?
2- How can we implement of different models inspired from flowers for designing ladies evening wear?
3- What is the appropriate design elements (lines - forms -colors) inspired from flowers to use in ladies evening wear
4- Do the designed product find acceptance from the target consumers.
5- How to take advantage of specialized drawing programs in highlighting the aesthetics of innovative designs
Important of the research
- Enrich the domestic market designs adapted from natural flowers
- Development clothing taste for Women in choosing their own clothes Evening
- the use of computers in enriching the aesthetic values of couture
Keywords
creation - fashion design - natural flower - modernism
Research objectives
Study the effect of various design elements for flowers in the quote them to produce designs for evening wear for womens
benefit from the aesthetics of nature, especially the different flowers in offering innovative designs for evening wear for ladies
enrich evening wear designs for ladies aesthetics of natural flowers
strengthening the field of fashion design using the computer techniques through specialized graphic programs
Research hypotheses
- Achieved designs inspired by the flowers of evening wear for ladies degree of acceptance and success in the light of the assessment of specialists averages axes Rating
- Achieved designs inspired by the flowers of evening wear for ladies degree of acceptance and success in the light of the assessment of the average target of axes Category Rating
- There are statistically significant relationship between the order of the arbitrators target designs implemented flowers for evening wear for ladies and Category
Been created different designs adapted from selected flowers were evaluated these actions through a series of questionnaires
Recearch Tools
- It has been using a set of questionnaires:
- Questionnaire for professionals include five axes for evaluation
- Questionnaire target group (women age 25-40 years)
Research Delimitations:
1. Clothes designs fit the ladies in the evening period for the age group (25: 40)
2. The study was limited to the use of five types of flowers, (carnations Flower – DisplayLink Flower – Lotus Flower – gerbera Flower - calla Lily Flower)
Research Design
The Research experimental method depends on drawing a range of different models adapted from natural flowers
And descriptive approach in describing models Implementing
Analytical method in the analysis of the results of the acceptance of the arbitrators quoted Models
The study found:
1-The designed models achieved variable levels of acceptance in the light of the specialist’s assessment and target group opinions.
The main aspects that were investigated are;
- The flower selected for the design.
- The harmony between design elements
- Functional aspects of the design.
2 - Statistical analysis of specialists’ evaluation showed that design No. 10 which is adapted from the Lotus flower got the highest rank. In the second position comes design No.13. On the other hand, According to target consumer opinion, design No 10 comes first, followed by design No. 4 which is adapted from lotus flower.
3- Using Spearman coefficient to test the rank correlation between specialist evaluation and target group opinion showed high level of statistical significance
Study Recommendations
The study recommends increased attention in studying the relationship between natural resources and fashion design new artistic visions and the development of rules and the scientific foundations for the selection of women's clothes
Nature is representing a very rich source to provide creative ideas to innovate and renovate fashion lines. In the present study, the researcher will create novel fifteen designs formed of unique mix of elements inspired from different flowers beauty structures. The flowers used are
(Carnations Flower – Display Link Flower – Lotus Flower – gerbera Flower - calla Lily Flower)
Research Enquires
1- Do natural design lines suit ladies evening wear?
2- How can we implement of different models inspired from flowers for designing ladies evening wear?
3- What is the appropriate design elements (lines - forms -colors) inspired from flowers to use in ladies evening wear
4- Do the designed product find acceptance from the target consumers.
5- How to take advantage of specialized drawing programs in highlighting the aesthetics of innovative designs
Important of the research
- Enrich the domestic market designs adapted from natural flowers
- Development clothing taste for Women in choosing their own clothes Evening
- the use of computers in enriching the aesthetic values of couture
Keywords
creation - fashion design - natural flower - modernism
Research objectives
Study the effect of various design elements for flowers in the quote them to produce designs for evening wear for womens
benefit from the aesthetics of nature, especially the different flowers in offering innovative designs for evening wear for ladies
enrich evening wear designs for ladies aesthetics of natural flowers
strengthening the field of fashion design using the computer techniques through specialized graphic programs
Research hypotheses
- Achieved designs inspired by the flowers of evening wear for ladies degree of acceptance and success in the light of the assessment of specialists averages axes Rating
- Achieved designs inspired by the flowers of evening wear for ladies degree of acceptance and success in the light of the assessment of the average target of axes Category Rating
- There are statistically significant relationship between the order of the arbitrators target designs implemented flowers for evening wear for ladies and Category
Been created different designs adapted from selected flowers were evaluated these actions through a series of questionnaires
Recearch Tools
- It has been using a set of questionnaires:
- Questionnaire for professionals include five axes for evaluation
- Questionnaire target group (women age 25-40 years)
Research Delimitations:
1. Clothes designs fit the ladies in the evening period for the age group (25: 40)
2. The study was limited to the use of five types of flowers, (carnations Flower – DisplayLink Flower – Lotus Flower – gerbera Flower - calla Lily Flower)
Research Design
The Research experimental method depends on drawing a range of different models adapted from natural flowers
And descriptive approach in describing models Implementing
Analytical method in the analysis of the results of the acceptance of the arbitrators quoted Models
The study found:
1-The designed models achieved variable levels of acceptance in the light of the specialist’s assessment and target group opinions.
The main aspects that were investigated are;
- The flower selected for the design.
- The harmony between design elements
- Functional aspects of the design.
2 - Statistical analysis of specialists’ evaluation showed that design No. 10 which is adapted from the Lotus flower got the highest rank. In the second position comes design No.13. On the other hand, According to target consumer opinion, design No 10 comes first, followed by design No. 4 which is adapted from lotus flower.
3- Using Spearman coefficient to test the rank correlation between specialist evaluation and target group opinion showed high level of statistical significance
Study Recommendations
The study recommends increased attention in studying the relationship between natural resources and fashion design new artistic visions and the development of rules and the scientific foundations for the selection of women's clothes
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_154986_898c3ea246a14a00e9d926f96bb11455.pdf
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-30
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
539
555
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.154988
154988
Original Article
Some Social and Economic Variables Effecting of Maternal-Health of Rural Woman in Assiut Governorate
بعض المتغيرات الإجتماعية والإقتصادية المؤثرة على الصحة النفاسية للمرأة الريفية بمحافظة أسيوط
Mervat Sedki Abd EL Wahab
1
Eman Awad Serag
2
Senior Researcher, Department of Rural Women Research, Agricultural Extension Research Institute Rural Development, Agricultural Research Center
Researcher in the Research Department of Rural Women Guidance at the Agricultural Extension Research Institute Rural Development, Agricultural Research Center
The study aimed to identifying the level of maternalhealthof rural woman in Assiut Governorate, as well astesting significance of relationship between social andeconomic variables and the total degree of maternalhealth,identify the problems of woman related tomaternal health for rural women.The research was conducted in Assiut according tothe standard maternal mortality where ranked first rateof maternal mortality, and has been selected district ofGhanaian (el amere) and (nazalet el kadem)VillagesData were collected from sample of 100 ruralwomen using personal interview a questionnaire, andthe following statistics methods were used in dataanalysis simple correlation coefficient of Pearson, and Z(score), frequencies and percentagesThe most important results of the analysis as follows:1. 56% of respondents wear found in the category ofmiddle Level of maternal-health of rural woman2 . There was positive significance relationship betweenthe total degree of maternal-health of rural womanand the social economic variables as the following:[current age, and the number of children in thefamily and among the total score of the maternalhealth of rural woman, and the size of agriculturalholdings, ownership of farm animals, and annualhousehold expenditure.3. 80% of the Respondents suffer from insufficientnumber of female doctors in the health unit, andthere isn’t enough money to execute the birthprocess in a safe place, by 51%of the respondent,and 47% of respondent suffer from their husbandrejection to follow up with their pregnancy, wherethere is 25% of the respondent said that there isn’tenough money for the nutrition care of the pregnantmother.
The study aimed to identifying the level of maternalhealthof rural woman in Assiut Governorate, as well astesting significance of relationship between social andeconomic variables and the total degree of maternalhealth,identify the problems of woman related tomaternal health for rural women.The research was conducted in Assiut according tothe standard maternal mortality where ranked first rateof maternal mortality, and has been selected district ofGhanaian (el amere) and (nazalet el kadem)VillagesData were collected from sample of 100 ruralwomen using personal interview a questionnaire, andthe following statistics methods were used in dataanalysis simple correlation coefficient of Pearson, and Z(score), frequencies and percentagesThe most important results of the analysis as follows:1. 56% of respondents wear found in the category ofmiddle Level of maternal-health of rural woman2 . There was positive significance relationship betweenthe total degree of maternal-health of rural womanand the social economic variables as the following:[current age, and the number of children in thefamily and among the total score of the maternalhealth of rural woman, and the size of agriculturalholdings, ownership of farm animals, and annualhousehold expenditure.3. 80% of the Respondents suffer from insufficientnumber of female doctors in the health unit, andthere isn’t enough money to execute the birthprocess in a safe place, by 51%of the respondent,and 47% of respondent suffer from their husbandrejection to follow up with their pregnancy, wherethere is 25% of the respondent said that there isn’tenough money for the nutrition care of the pregnantmother.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_154988_0a1f12bfc6bb651d1b62f28ddf394764.pdf
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-30
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
556
574
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.154997
154997
Original Article
Diffusion of Agricultural Ideas among Farmers in- Contact with Extension Agents through Facebook In Kirkuk Governorate- Iraq
ذيوع الأفکار الزراعية بين الزرّاع المتواصلين مع المرشدين من خلال الفيسبوک بمحافظة کرکوک- العراق
Samir Abd El-Aziem Osman
samirabdelazeam@hotmail.com
1
Ashour Kamil Ashour
ashour0603@yahoo.com
2
Ahmed Wagdy Zied
3
Khattab Abdulla Mohammed
4
Faculty of Agriculture - Alexandria University
Faculty of Agriculture - Alexandria University
Faculty of Agriculture - Alexandria University
College of Agriculture - University of Kirkuk
The research mainly aimed to study diffusion of the modern agricultural ideas among the farmers connecting with the agricultural extension agents through Facebook at governorate of Kirkuk in Iraq, also degree of the farmers' contribution to the diffusion of the agricultural ideas and its relationship with some personal, social and economic characteristics, communication patterns, to identify the most important obstacles that prevent using Facebook in diffusion of the agricultural ideas and proposals to activate them. The study included all farmers who have friendly relations with the agricultural extension agents in the governorate through the social networking "Facebook", who numbered (141) farmers. The experimental method has been used in the thesis; as the agricultural group was created on Facebook; its members are the agricultural extension agents and their friends from the farmers at the research area. Many modern agricultural ideas were published. The researcher has identified fourteen agricultural idea; chosen by the agricultural extension agents as they contribute to develop the agricultural production. They have been published by four ways or forms; i.e.: (text, images, video and link). Then, the activities carried by farmers on Facebook were recorded such as watching those ideas, admiring, commenting on them, admiring with a comment or sharing them. Each agricultural idea of fourteen ideas has been followed-up and with each form of the four forms for a week. Any of those activities that can be carried out by the farmer recorded for each an agricultural idea. Then those data recorded by the research group, have been linked with data set assembled by interviews, telephone communications or contacting respondents through their accounts on Facebook by using the questionnaire; including a set of questions relating to some characteristics, habits and patterns of using Facebook by the respondents. After the data were collected and linked with what has been written from page of the research group on Facebook, data were categorized and analyzed by using the Statistical Analysis Program (SPSS).
The results showed that most respondents are young people; holding higher level of the education, all of them have mobile phones, and most of them have personal computers. It has found that the majority of the farmers depend on Facebook to get the agricultural information, they prefer weekends (Friday and Saturday) to browse their accounts on Facebook, and the preferred time for them to browse their accounts during the day is the evening followed by a noon time. Also, it is clear that the respondents use their real names in their accounts on Facebook. In addition, most of them prefer to follow-up images, then video clips on Facebook. Moreover, the average what the farmer has from the farming friends on Facebook is (96) friends.
The results illustrated that the quail breeding topped a list of the ideas that have been published publicly, followed by two ideas to use the agricultural mulch and minimum tillage respectively. While two ideas of the hydroponics and finally using the barbaric-blunt were the least diffusion. Also, the highest degree of contribution to the diffusion by the respondents was to an idea of the minimum tillage, then feeding the animals with the malted barley. While the least degree of contribution by the respondents was in diffusion of two ideas of the hydroponics, then irrigating plants with magnetized water. The results also showed that more four publishing methods of the diffusion is diffusion in way of (text), followed by method of the diffusion by (pictures), and method of the diffusion with (link) occupied the last rank.
In addition, the results showed there is a significant correlation between degree of diffusion of the agricultural ideas and each of (mean number of hours to using Facebook a day, times are preferred for using in the day, the days preferred to use it in a week, number of friends of farmers in Facebook, and number of the preferred subjects in it). Also, the results showed there are the significant differences between participants and non-participants in diffusion of the agricultural ideas in (picture); differing by type of device that he opens his account. Also, there are significant differences between participants and non-participants in diffusion of the agricultural ideas with all four ways of the diffusion according to browse their accounts during period of the ideas spreading or not. Based on those results, the final recommendations have been put.
The research mainly aimed to study diffusion of the modern agricultural ideas among the farmers connecting with the agricultural extension agents through Facebook at governorate of Kirkuk in Iraq, also degree of the farmers' contribution to the diffusion of the agricultural ideas and its relationship with some personal, social and economic characteristics, communication patterns, to identify the most important obstacles that prevent using Facebook in diffusion of the agricultural ideas and proposals to activate them. The study included all farmers who have friendly relations with the agricultural extension agents in the governorate through the social networking "Facebook", who numbered (141) farmers. The experimental method has been used in the thesis; as the agricultural group was created on Facebook; its members are the agricultural extension agents and their friends from the farmers at the research area. Many modern agricultural ideas were published. The researcher has identified fourteen agricultural idea; chosen by the agricultural extension agents as they contribute to develop the agricultural production. They have been published by four ways or forms; i.e.: (text, images, video and link). Then, the activities carried by farmers on Facebook were recorded such as watching those ideas, admiring, commenting on them, admiring with a comment or sharing them. Each agricultural idea of fourteen ideas has been followed-up and with each form of the four forms for a week. Any of those activities that can be carried out by the farmer recorded for each an agricultural idea. Then those data recorded by the research group, have been linked with data set assembled by interviews, telephone communications or contacting respondents through their accounts on Facebook by using the questionnaire; including a set of questions relating to some characteristics, habits and patterns of using Facebook by the respondents. After the data were collected and linked with what has been written from page of the research group on Facebook, data were categorized and analyzed by using the Statistical Analysis Program (SPSS).
The results showed that most respondents are young people; holding higher level of the education, all of them have mobile phones, and most of them have personal computers. It has found that the majority of the farmers depend on Facebook to get the agricultural information, they prefer weekends (Friday and Saturday) to browse their accounts on Facebook, and the preferred time for them to browse their accounts during the day is the evening followed by a noon time. Also, it is clear that the respondents use their real names in their accounts on Facebook. In addition, most of them prefer to follow-up images, then video clips on Facebook. Moreover, the average what the farmer has from the farming friends on Facebook is (96) friends.
The results illustrated that the quail breeding topped a list of the ideas that have been published publicly, followed by two ideas to use the agricultural mulch and minimum tillage respectively. While two ideas of the hydroponics and finally using the barbaric-blunt were the least diffusion. Also, the highest degree of contribution to the diffusion by the respondents was to an idea of the minimum tillage, then feeding the animals with the malted barley. While the least degree of contribution by the respondents was in diffusion of two ideas of the hydroponics, then irrigating plants with magnetized water. The results also showed that more four publishing methods of the diffusion is diffusion in way of (text), followed by method of the diffusion by (pictures), and method of the diffusion with (link) occupied the last rank.
In addition, the results showed there is a significant correlation between degree of diffusion of the agricultural ideas and each of (mean number of hours to using Facebook a day, times are preferred for using in the day, the days preferred to use it in a week, number of friends of farmers in Facebook, and number of the preferred subjects in it). Also, the results showed there are the significant differences between participants and non-participants in diffusion of the agricultural ideas in (picture); differing by type of device that he opens his account. Also, there are significant differences between participants and non-participants in diffusion of the agricultural ideas with all four ways of the diffusion according to browse their accounts during period of the ideas spreading or not. Based on those results, the final recommendations have been put.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_154997_a5fc7a1ee941ae8d72b6017c204ab852.pdf
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2015-09-30
36
JULY-SEPTEMBER
575
599
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2015.155003
155003
Original Article
Emotional Intelligence of the University Students and Its Relationship to Managerial Behavior
الذکاء الوجدانى لدى طلاب الجامعة وعلاقته بسلوکهم الإداري
Nadia Abdel moneim Elsayed Amer
nadiaamer820@gmail.com
1
Teacher of Home Management, Department of Home Economics - Faculty of Specific Education - Mansoura University
The current research aims at studying theEmotional Intelligence of the University Students and its Relationship To Managerial Behavior. The research was applied on a sample of (202) male and female students; from the Faculty of Specific Education and Faculty of Education at MansouraUniversity, and from different economic and social levels. The study lasted for(two) months; and the research followed the "Analytic Descriptive Approach". The research's data was collected through the use of the "General Data Form" and the scale of " Emotional Intelligence and Managerial Behavior Questionnaire" To analyze the data, the researcher used the following tools: frequency, percentages, the arithmetic mean, the standard deviation, the degrees of freedom, Chi-squared Test, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, t- Test, and Analysis of Variance .
The most Important Results came as follows:
-There were statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) between the averages of the University Students response to identifying the scale of Emotional Intelligence and Managerial Behavior at each one of its axes; according to the "Gender" (in favor of the male students); according to the "Place of Residence" (in favor of the urban areas); but there were no statistically significant differences between University Students response to identifying the Managerial Behavior.
-There were no statistically significant differences between the University Students response to identifying the scale of Emotional Intelligence and Managerial Behavior at each one of its axes according to the Monthly expense and according to the "Father's and mother's Educational Level"; and according to the Monthly Income.
-There was a significant direct correlation at the level of (0.01) between the scale of Emotional Intelligence and Managerial Behavior at each one of its axes of the University Students.
The current research aims at studying theEmotional Intelligence of the University Students and its Relationship To Managerial Behavior. The research was applied on a sample of (202) male and female students; from the Faculty of Specific Education and Faculty of Education at MansouraUniversity, and from different economic and social levels. The study lasted for(two) months; and the research followed the "Analytic Descriptive Approach". The research's data was collected through the use of the "General Data Form" and the scale of " Emotional Intelligence and Managerial Behavior Questionnaire" To analyze the data, the researcher used the following tools: frequency, percentages, the arithmetic mean, the standard deviation, the degrees of freedom, Chi-squared Test, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, t- Test, and Analysis of Variance .
The most Important Results came as follows:
-There were statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) between the averages of the University Students response to identifying the scale of Emotional Intelligence and Managerial Behavior at each one of its axes; according to the "Gender" (in favor of the male students); according to the "Place of Residence" (in favor of the urban areas); but there were no statistically significant differences between University Students response to identifying the Managerial Behavior.
-There were no statistically significant differences between the University Students response to identifying the scale of Emotional Intelligence and Managerial Behavior at each one of its axes according to the Monthly expense and according to the "Father's and mother's Educational Level"; and according to the Monthly Income.
-There was a significant direct correlation at the level of (0.01) between the scale of Emotional Intelligence and Managerial Behavior at each one of its axes of the University Students.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_155003_74fc2bc4fc34dbb8071209a591102b6b.pdf