eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2020-03-30
41
JANUARY- MARCH
1
14
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2020.70346
70346
Original Article
Desertification Sensitivity Analysis East of Siwa Using GIS and Remote Sensing
تقييم حساسية منطقة شرق واحة سيوة للتصحر باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية والاستشعار عن بعد
Ashraf M. Mostafa
1
Osama R. Abd El-Kawy
2
Yahia I. Mohamed
3
Nor Al-Deen N. Khaled
4
Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt.
Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt.
Plant Production Branch, Faculty of Desert and Environmental Agriculture, Matrouh University, Egypt.
Faculty of Natural Resources, Tobruk University, Libya
Desertification is one of the major environmental challenges facing sustainable development in arid, semi-arid and subhumid regions. Environmental and anthropogenic qualities are significant indicators to measure the sensitivity of land to desertification. The objective of this study is to evaluate the desertification sensitivity in East Siwa oasis (1763 ha), Egypt, based on the modified MEDALUS approach, using remote sensing and GIS. The application of MEDALUS was based on environmental and anthropogenic qualities such as soil, vegetation, climate, management and water qualities, where five quality indices were calculated based on 22 desertification indicators. Finally, an integrated index was calculated to evaluate the desertification sensitivity. The field data were collected from 73 locations, while the remote sensing data were extracted from Landsat image acquired in 2017. The results revealed that about half of the study area has low quality soils (50.3%) with respect to desertification risks followed by moderate quality soils (49.7%), due to high soil salinity and alkalinity levels. The majority of the study area is characterized by moderate climate quality (72.7%). This is mainly attributed to the scarcity precipitation occurring in the region. The vegetation quality exists in the area is characterized as high (57%) and moderate quality (43%). The areas of high management quality were very limited, representing 14.3% of the study area and the remaining area (85.7%) was under the moderate management quality. The entire study area is characterized by low water quality due to the high salinity levels of irrigation water. It was found that the entire study area is under the critical level of desertification sensitivity, which mainly resulted from natural and human factors. In light of the high desertification risk in the study area, action measures are very necessary to combat desertification and for the sustainable agricultural development.
Desertification is one of the major environmental challenges facing sustainable development in arid, semi-arid and subhumid regions. Environmental and anthropogenic qualities are significant indicators to measure the sensitivity of land to desertification. The objective of this study is to evaluate the desertification sensitivity in East Siwa oasis (1763 ha), Egypt, based on the modified MEDALUS approach, using remote sensing and GIS. The application of MEDALUS was based on environmental and anthropogenic qualities such as soil, vegetation, climate, management and water qualities, where five quality indices were calculated based on 22 desertification indicators. Finally, an integrated index was calculated to evaluate the desertification sensitivity. The field data were collected from 73 locations, while the remote sensing data were extracted from Landsat image acquired in 2017. The results revealed that about half of the study area has low quality soils (50.3%) with respect to desertification risks followed by moderate quality soils (49.7%), due to high soil salinity and alkalinity levels. The majority of the study area is characterized by moderate climate quality (72.7%). This is mainly attributed to the scarcity precipitation occurring in the region. The vegetation quality exists in the area is characterized as high (57%) and moderate quality (43%). The areas of high management quality were very limited, representing 14.3% of the study area and the remaining area (85.7%) was under the moderate management quality. The entire study area is characterized by low water quality due to the high salinity levels of irrigation water. It was found that the entire study area is under the critical level of desertification sensitivity, which mainly resulted from natural and human factors. In light of the high desertification risk in the study area, action measures are very necessary to combat desertification and for the sustainable agricultural development.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_70346_cea2804e04991060f1093ca00f2e04a8.pdf
Desertification Sensitivity
MEDALUS
Remote Sensing
GIS, Siwa oasis
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2020-03-01
41
JANUARY- MARCH
15
27
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2020.71079
71079
Original Article
Response of Lantana camara Plants to Foliar Applied Citric Acid for Decreasing the Harmful Effect of Heavy Metals Pollution in the Irrigation Water (A) Effect of Cadmium
إستجابة نباتات اللانتانا للرش بحمض الستريک لتقليل الأثر الضار للتلوث بالعناصر الثقيلة فى ماء الرى (أ) تأثير الکادميوم
Nader El-Shanhorey
1
Omar Emam
2
Botanical Gardens Research Department, Horticultural Research Institute, ARC, Alexandria, Egypt.
Horticultural Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suif University, Egypt.
The present study was carried-out at Antoniades Research Branch, Horticultural Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Alexandria, Egypt during two successive seasons of 2018 and 2019. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation water contaminated with cadmium on the growth of Lantana camara plants and the possibility of using citric acid spray treatments to overcome the effects of cadmium pollution. Seedlings of Lantana camara were planted individually in plastic pots (20 cm diameter) filled with 5 kg of sandy soil. The Cadmium contaminated irrigation water treatments were 0,100, 200 and 300 mg/L were applied.The plants were also monthly sprayed by citric acid at concentrations of 0, 250 and 500 mg/L. The results showed that for vegetative growth parameters there was no significant difference in the interaction between cadmium concentrations in water of irrigation and foliar spray by citric acid, while a significant reduction was observed in all parameters after irrigation with cadmium contaminated water and a significant increase in vegetative growth parameters was observed after 250 mg/L citric acid application. For chlorophyll and carbohydrate content, the highest significant value was obtained in plants irrigated with tap water and sprayed with 500 mg/L citric acid while the highest significant level of cadmium content in leaves, stem and roots was obtained due treatment by 300 mg/L cadmium without application of citric acid.
The present study was carried-out at Antoniades Research Branch, Horticultural Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Alexandria, Egypt during two successive seasons of 2018 and 2019. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation water contaminated with cadmium on the growth of Lantana camara plants and the possibility of using citric acid spray treatments to overcome the effects of cadmium pollution. Seedlings of Lantana camara were planted individually in plastic pots (20 cm diameter) filled with 5 kg of sandy soil. The Cadmium contaminated irrigation water treatments were 0,100, 200 and 300 mg/L were applied.The plants were also monthly sprayed by citric acid at concentrations of 0, 250 and 500 mg/L. The results showed that for vegetative growth parameters there was no significant difference in the interaction between cadmium concentrations in water of irrigation and foliar spray by citric acid, while a significant reduction was observed in all parameters after irrigation with cadmium contaminated water and a significant increase in vegetative growth parameters was observed after 250 mg/L citric acid application. For chlorophyll and carbohydrate content, the highest significant value was obtained in plants irrigated with tap water and sprayed with 500 mg/L citric acid while the highest significant level of cadmium content in leaves, stem and roots was obtained due treatment by 300 mg/L cadmium without application of citric acid.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_71079_67f4d73c194f9dce510b27a250a114f2.pdf
Lantana camara
cadmium
Citric acid
لانتانا کامارا الکادميوم. حمض الستريک
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2020-03-31
41
JANUARY- MARCH
29
41
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2020.73036
73036
Original Article
Impacts of Humic Acid, Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (Glomus mosseae) as Growth Promoters on Yield and Phytochemical Characteristics of Hibiscus Sabdariffa (Roselle)
تأثير حامض الهيوميک و حمض الإندول بيوتيريک و فطر الميکروهيزا کمحفِّزات للنمو على المحصول والخصائص الکيميائية لنبات الکرکديه
Ramy G. El-Kinany
1
Yossry E. Salama
2
Mahmoud A. Rozan
3
Hala M. Bayom
4
Atef M.K. Nassar
5
Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University.
Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University.
Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University.
Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University.
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University. Damanhour, El-Beheira, P.O. Box 59, Egypt
Field experiments were carried out during the two successive summer seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. The experiments were accomplished in an open field located at Bader region, El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt to evaluate the effects of humic acid, indole butyric acid (IBA), and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae) individually on vegetative growth, yield, and phytochemical characteristics of Hibiscus Sabdariffa (Roselle jamica). Experimental field plots were designed as randomized complete block design (RCBD). The obtained results of the two seasons, generally, showed that all treatments (HA, IBA, and AMF) individually enhanced the vegetative growth, yield of calyx, and phytochemical parameters of Roselle plants. The HA treatment was the most effective in enhancing most of the studied parameters and might be recommended for enhancing the vegetative growth, yield of calyx, and calyx phytochemical components of Roselle plants under the environmental conditions of Bader region, El-Beheira Governorate and other similar regions.
Field experiments were carried out during the two successive summer seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. The experiments were accomplished in an open field located at Bader region, El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt to evaluate the effects of humic acid, indole butyric acid (IBA), and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae) individually on vegetative growth, yield, and phytochemical characteristics of Hibiscus Sabdariffa (Roselle jamica). Experimental field plots were designed as randomized complete block design (RCBD). The obtained results of the two seasons, generally, showed that all treatments (HA, IBA, and AMF) individually enhanced the vegetative growth, yield of calyx, and phytochemical parameters of Roselle plants. The HA treatment was the most effective in enhancing most of the studied parameters and might be recommended for enhancing the vegetative growth, yield of calyx, and calyx phytochemical components of Roselle plants under the environmental conditions of Bader region, El-Beheira Governorate and other similar regions.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_73036_6174db49cac32582c8ce28d6d1f1bb9e.pdf
Hibiscus Sabdariffa
Karkade
Humic acid
Indole butyric acid
Mycorrhizal
الکرکديه . کارکادي. حمض الهيوميک حمض الإندول الزبد الميکوريزال
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2020-03-31
41
JANUARY- MARCH
43
52
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2020.74227
74227
Original Article
Unmodified Rice Straw for The Lead Removal Approach from Synthetic Lead Solution
قش الأرز الغير معالج کطريقة لإزالة عنصر الرصاص من محلول يحتوى على الرصاص
Abdelfattah A. Saad
1
Ranya A. Amer
2
Elsayed H. Tayeb
3
Norhan Nady
4
Rehab G. Mohamed
5
Plant Protection Dept., Faculty of Agric. (Saba Basha), Alex. Univ., Egypt.
Environment and Natural Material Research Institute (ENMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.
Plant Protection Dept., Faculty of Agric. (Saba Basha), Alex. Univ., Egypt.
Polymeric Materials Research Department, New Materials and Advanced Technology Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.
Central Lab. for scientific services and environmental assessment, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.
Lead, is the most common toxic metal that causing damage to the environment and human health due to its accumulation and persistence in the environment. The possibility of using biosorption unmodified rice straw (RS) was studied to eliminate lead ions from synthetic industrial wastewater. The impact of the initial concentration for lead (5–200 mg/l) and the contact time (10–120 min) were studied at 25°C and pH 5 of stirring solutions. Different analytical techniques such as Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to figure out the change of rice straw adsorption capacity Moreover, The kinetic models pseudo-first and second- order and both of Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models have been tested. The results obtained show a significant removal of the lead content by approximately 94 % using unmodified rice straw (RS). Adsorption data was fitted with Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo - second order kinetics for unmodified rice straw
Lead, is the most common toxic metal that causing damage to the environment and human health due to its accumulation and persistence in the environment. The possibility of using biosorption unmodified rice straw (RS) was studied to eliminate lead ions from synthetic industrial wastewater. The impact of the initial concentration for lead (5–200 mg/l) and the contact time (10–120 min) were studied at 25°C and pH 5 of stirring solutions. Different analytical techniques such as Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to figure out the change of rice straw adsorption capacity Moreover, The kinetic models pseudo-first and second- order and both of Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models have been tested. The results obtained show a significant removal of the lead content by approximately 94 % using unmodified rice straw (RS). Adsorption data was fitted with Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo - second order kinetics for unmodified rice straw
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_74227_cdf096b9006eded96a7979f04dba2f03.pdf
Lead removal
Biosorption
Industrial Wastewater
rice straw
إزالة الرصاص امتصاص. مياه الصرف الصناعي
قش الارز
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2020-03-31
41
JANUARY- MARCH
53
60
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2020.74243
74243
Original Article
Comparative Studies on Nanosulfur and Certain Fungicides to Control Cucumber Powdery Mildew Disease and their Residues in Treated Fruits
دراسات مقارنة لدور الکبريت النانو وبعض المبيدات الفطرية في مکافحة مرض البياض الدقيقي في نبات الخيار وتقدير متبقياتها في الثمار
Hala Abdel-Rahman
ahfouly253@yahoo.com
1
Asmaa EL-Kollaly
asmaa_kollaly@yahoo.com
2
Dept. of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Fac. Agric., Cairo University
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza
The present work was carried out to explore the potential use of the new approach of sulfur nanoparticles compared with bulk sulfur and two other systemic fungicides to control powdery mildew in cucumber. Also, the Fungicide residues in cucumber were estimated. Examination of physico-chemical properties of the tested nanoparticles was done by using transmission electron microscope and X-Ray diffraction, which proved that the tested sulfur was sulfur (S8) with the crystal system and its anorthic and size ranged from 12.2 to 23.5 nm. The three tested fungicides, Super sardo (azoxystrobin), Muringo (diniconazole), Thiofan (bulk sulfur) and Nanosulfur (Snp) were sprayed three times to cucumber growing in pots in a greenhouse. After 3rd spray, the efficacy of the aforementioned tested fungicides was 74.0, 68.8, 42.7 and 60.9%, respectively. The area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) in case of azoxystribin, bulk sulfur and Snp increased after 1st and 2nd sprays, but it decreased after 3rd treatment. diniconazole recorded continues increase in disease area. Nanosulfur caused the highest number of fruits/plant, mean weight of fruits/plant and mean weight of one fruit and followed by azoxystribin and diniconazole, while bulk sulfur caused the lowest cucumber yield parameters. Assessment of residues of the four tested fungicides 2, 5 and 8 days after the third spray, showed that cucumber fruits can be collected two days after treatment with azoxystribin, bulk sulfur and Nanosulfur, while those treated with diniconazole can be harvested five days after spray.
The present work was carried out to explore the potential use of the new approach of sulfur nanoparticles compared with bulk sulfur and two other systemic fungicides to control powdery mildew in cucumber. Also, the Fungicide residues in cucumber were estimated. Examination of physico-chemical properties of the tested nanoparticles was done by using transmission electron microscope and X-Ray diffraction, which proved that the tested sulfur was sulfur (S8) with the crystal system and its anorthic and size ranged from 12.2 to 23.5 nm. The three tested fungicides, Super sardo (azoxystrobin), Muringo (diniconazole), Thiofan (bulk sulfur) and Nanosulfur (Snp) were sprayed three times to cucumber growing in pots in a greenhouse. After 3rd spray, the efficacy of the aforementioned tested fungicides was 74.0, 68.8, 42.7 and 60.9%, respectively. The area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) in case of azoxystribin, bulk sulfur and Snp increased after 1st and 2nd sprays, but it decreased after 3rd treatment. diniconazole recorded continues increase in disease area. Nanosulfur caused the highest number of fruits/plant, mean weight of fruits/plant and mean weight of one fruit and followed by azoxystribin and diniconazole, while bulk sulfur caused the lowest cucumber yield parameters. Assessment of residues of the four tested fungicides 2, 5 and 8 days after the third spray, showed that cucumber fruits can be collected two days after treatment with azoxystribin, bulk sulfur and Nanosulfur, while those treated with diniconazole can be harvested five days after spray.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_74243_1572d6d470ff5604819bf33c18476c2f.pdf
Cucumber
powdery mildew
fungi
Snp residues
خيار
البياض الدقيقي الفطريات. مخلفات Snp
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2020-03-01
41
JANUARY- MARCH
61
68
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2020.76420
76420
Original Article
Ameliorative Effect of Water Treatment Residual Nanoparticles on Seed Germination of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under Cd Stress
Elsayed Elkhatib
selkhatib1@yahoo.com
1
Fatma Sherif
fatmasherif1982@gmail.com
2
Sanaa Fahim
3
Mohamed Moharem
4
Ahmed Mahdy
amahdy73@alexu.edu
5
Soil and Water Sciences Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt.
Soil and Water Sciences Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt.
Soil Salinity & Alkalinity Lab., Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt.
Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt.
Soil and Water Sciences Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt.
The effects of water treatment residual nanoparticles (nWTRs) on germination performance of cucumber seeds exposed to Cd stress were investigated. The results indicated that germination percentages of unprimed seeds which exposed to Cd stress of 10 and 100 (mg/l) decreased by 25% compared to control. Seed priming with nWTRs nanoparticles significantly improved germination performance under Cd stress. The highest germination percentage (%) was observed with the nWTRs treatment at concentrations of 250mg/l and higher. The percentage of root length enhancement as a result of nanoparticles applications at rates of 250, 500, 1000 mgl-1 were 215.62 %, 446.87% and 479.7% respectively. Thus, priming with WTR nanoparticles at concentrations higher than 200mgl-1 may have significant beneficial effects on germination performance of Cd stressed cucumber seeds.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_76420_a4e22cd7b73033ecf6c2a58d1ae30486.pdf
seed treatment
Germination rate
Root length
Root radius
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2020-03-31
41
JANUARY- MARCH
69
75
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2020.76559
76559
Original Article
Efficiency Response of Vermicompost and Vermitea Levels on Growth and Yield of Eggplant (Solanum melongena, L.)
کفاءة الاستجابة لمستويات الفيرمي کمبوست ,شاي الفيرمي علي نمو وانتاج نبات الباذنجان الاسود
Amal K. Abou El- Goud
amalgoud08@gmail.com
1
Department of Botany (Organic Agriculture), Agricultural Faculty,Damietta University, Egypt
This present aimed to convert chicken manure and kitchen wastes into vermicompost, which riches not only in macro (N, P, K) and micro (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn) nutrients, but also phytohormones, antibiotics, different beneficial microbes and enzymes by red wiggler (Eisenia fetida). As well as use vermicompost at two levels (high = 6.5 and low= 3.5 t/fed.) with 3, 4 times and without of vermitea soil irrigated to increase the yield and quality of eggplant “cv. Black beauty” and may be a suitable replacement for chemical fertilizers. Each treatment had 3 replicates with 27 plants (9 plants/ plot) and RCBD were statistical analyzed. Effect of the treatments on the vegetation parameters, total yield and fruit quality of eggplant were determined. Investigation results cleared that, the application of high rate (6.5t/fed.) of vermicast + organic liquid (vermitea) 4 times as a soil drench lead to significantly increased on vegetative parameters e.g. plant height (157.67 cm. /plant), no. leaves/plant (141.6), no. of branches (9/plant), leaf area index (0.28), total cholorophyll (48.3 SPAD in leaves), no. of flowers (4.67/plant), no. of fruits/plant (4.67), fruit length and diameter (14.53 and 24.5 cm., respectively) and shoot dry weight (1511.2 g/plant) as an average of both sites compared to control plant. Quality nutritional status of eggplant fruits and green shoots biomass by using the high rate of vermicast (6.5t/fed.) + Vermitea (4 times) as an organic liquid on soil drenches (T1) more than other treatments. Significant increases in N (1.68), P (0.39) and K (3.45 mg/g) uptake of shoots, as an average of both sites at T1, but the lowest significant means were (0.88, 0.21 and 1.81 mg/g) of NPK uptake in shoots in the treated plants with R100% of NPK chemical fertilizers. T1 = high rate (6.5t/fed.) of vermicompost + fourth soil drench of vermitea gave the highest values in the chemical components of fruits. Significant increases of the percentage of N (3.5), P (0.40), K (2.1) and the highest significant amount of anthocyanin was 516.7 mg/g in fruits by treated plants with T1. Although, the lowest significant means were (1.8, 0.21 and 1.4 %) of fruits at T7 (=the recommended doses of NPK chemical fertilizers). As well as, this article revealed that, the high concentrations of vermicast and vermitea must be for improving plant health, protection growth and provides the optimum eggplant production.
This present aimed to convert chicken manure and kitchen wastes into vermicompost, which riches not only in macro (N, P, K) and micro (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn) nutrients, but also phytohormones, antibiotics, different beneficial microbes and enzymes by red wiggler (Eisenia fetida). As well as use vermicompost at two levels (high = 6.5 and low= 3.5 t/fed.) with 3, 4 times and without of vermitea soil irrigated to increase the yield and quality of eggplant “cv. Black beauty” and may be a suitable replacement for chemical fertilizers. Each treatment had 3 replicates with 27 plants (9 plants/ plot) and RCBD were statistical analyzed. Effect of the treatments on the vegetation parameters, total yield and fruit quality of eggplant were determined. Investigation results cleared that, the application of high rate (6.5t/fed.) of vermicast + organic liquid (vermitea) 4 times as a soil drench lead to significantly increased on vegetative parameters e.g. plant height (157.67 cm. /plant), no. leaves/plant (141.6), no. of branches (9/plant), leaf area index (0.28), total cholorophyll (48.3 SPAD in leaves), no. of flowers (4.67/plant), no. of fruits/plant (4.67), fruit length and diameter (14.53 and 24.5 cm., respectively) and shoot dry weight (1511.2 g/plant) as an average of both sites compared to control plant. Quality nutritional status of eggplant fruits and green shoots biomass by using the high rate of vermicast (6.5t/fed.) + Vermitea (4 times) as an organic liquid on soil drenches (T1) more than other treatments. Significant increases in N (1.68), P (0.39) and K (3.45 mg/g) uptake of shoots, as an average of both sites at T1, but the lowest significant means were (0.88, 0.21 and 1.81 mg/g) of NPK uptake in shoots in the treated plants with R100% of NPK chemical fertilizers. T1 = high rate (6.5t/fed.) of vermicompost + fourth soil drench of vermitea gave the highest values in the chemical components of fruits. Significant increases of the percentage of N (3.5), P (0.40), K (2.1) and the highest significant amount of anthocyanin was 516.7 mg/g in fruits by treated plants with T1. Although, the lowest significant means were (1.8, 0.21 and 1.4 %) of fruits at T7 (=the recommended doses of NPK chemical fertilizers). As well as, this article revealed that, the high concentrations of vermicast and vermitea must be for improving plant health, protection growth and provides the optimum eggplant production.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_76559_2cda13646dbaa2b74d46a2b45e488105.pdf
vermicompost
vermitea
earthworm (Eisenia fetida)
Eggplant
السماد الدودي. الزنجارية. دودة الأرض (Eisenia fetida)
باذنجان
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2020-03-01
41
JANUARY- MARCH
77
83
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2020.77058
77058
Original Article
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Particleboard Produced from Some Timber Trees Irrigated with Treated Wastewater
الخواص الفيزيائية والميکانيکية للخشب الحُبيبي المصنع من بعض الأشجار الخشبية المروية بمياه الصرف الصحي المعالجة
Khaled S. Hassan
khaledtaha85@gmail.com
1
Ibrahim A. Kherallah
2
Ahmed A. Settway
3
Heba Abdallah
4
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Forestry and Wood Technology, Alexandria, Egypt.
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Forestry and Wood Technology, Alexandria, Egypt.
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Forestry and Wood Technology, Alexandria, Egypt.
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Forestry and Wood Technology, Alexandria, Egypt.
This study aimed to manufacture particleboards from Casuarina cunninghamiana (C), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (E), and Pinus halepensis (P) trees irrigated with treated wastewater and their mixtures (E-C, E-P, and C-P) with 50%:50% for each individual raw material. Two urea formaldehyde resin levels (9% and 13%) were used. Modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and internal bond strength (IB) as mechanical properties and physical properties (water absorption and thickness swelling) were determined. The C-P panels with 9% and 13% resin levels showed the best mechanical and water resistant performance. All the 13% panels satisfy the minimum requirement of the European standard for the MOE, MOR, and IB except for the MOE of (P) panels, which was very close to the recommended value. The mixtures improved the water absorption and thickness swelling compared with the other produced panels especially for the 13% resin content panels. The (E-C) with 9% resin content showed the lowest mechanical properties and water resistance values. The three furnish types and their mixtures showed its suitability for particleboard production using the board processing conditions specified in this study.
This study aimed to manufacture particleboards from Casuarina cunninghamiana (C), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (E), and Pinus halepensis (P) trees irrigated with treated wastewater and their mixtures (E-C, E-P, and C-P) with 50%:50% for each individual raw material. Two urea formaldehyde resin levels (9% and 13%) were used. Modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and internal bond strength (IB) as mechanical properties and physical properties (water absorption and thickness swelling) were determined. The C-P panels with 9% and 13% resin levels showed the best mechanical and water resistant performance. All the 13% panels satisfy the minimum requirement of the European standard for the MOE, MOR, and IB except for the MOE of (P) panels, which was very close to the recommended value. The mixtures improved the water absorption and thickness swelling compared with the other produced panels especially for the 13% resin content panels. The (E-C) with 9% resin content showed the lowest mechanical properties and water resistance values. The three furnish types and their mixtures showed its suitability for particleboard production using the board processing conditions specified in this study.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_77058_8299d98c58fcb498afd24271437f45be.pdf
Modulus of elasticity
Treated wastewater
Internal bond strength
Water Absorption
معامل المرونة
مياه الصرف الصحي المعالجة
قوة الرابطة الداخلية أمتصاص الماء
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2020-03-31
41
JANUARY- MARCH
85
91
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2020.79757
79757
Original Article
Effect of Humic Acid Application on Quantitative Parameters of Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Cv. Shirin
Amir Rahimi
emir10357@gmail.com
1
Mustafa Kiralan
soilscience2017@gmail.com
2
Fatemeh Ahmadi
ahmadifa202@gmail.com
3
Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy,Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Food Engineering, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
The present experiment aimed to investigate the influence of humic acid application on qualitative traits of sugar beet cv. ‘Shirin’ basis of a randomized complete block design with four replications during 2007-2008. The plants were treated with different humic acid treatments (control, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 kg ha-1). The non-sugar components such as potassium, sodium, amino-nitrogen and some qualitative parameters for sugar processing such as alkalinity, root yield, sugar percent, recoverable sugar, and sugar content in molasses were determined according to standard methods. According to results, humic acid application enhanced sugar quality of sugar beet. The lowest value of K, Na and amino-nitrogen were observed in H300 sample (300 kg ha-1) with 3.85 meq 100 g-1 pulp, 1.22 meq 100 g-1 pulp and 1.21 meq 100 g-1 pulp, respectively. The highest recoverable sugar content (15.64%) was obtained from 300, 400, 500, and 600 kg ha-1 application. Also, the highest sugar yield resulted from 400, 500, and 600 kg ha-1 and the lowest sugar content in molasses were observed in the treatments of 200 and 300 kg ha-1 humic acid.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_79757_a1161274567b05b0ffb5a42c216c0e4c.pdf
Alkalinity
Molasses
Sugar content
Sustainable agriculture
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2020-03-31
41
JANUARY- MARCH
93
103
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2020.81529
81529
Original Article
Effect of Soil Amendments on Soil Fertility and Maize Productivity in A Newly Reclaimed Soil
تأثير استخدام محسنات التربة على خصوبة التربة وإنتاجية الذرة فى أرض حديثة الاستصلاح
Seham M. Abdel-Azeem
1
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute. (SWERI), ARC, Giza, Egypt.
Two field experiments were carried out at private farm at El-quntra Shark, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, during two successive seasons of summer 2018 and 2019 to study the effect of soil amendments (biochar, compost and bio-fertilizer) with or without different rates of nitrogen mineral fertilizer on the fertility of study soil and maize productivity.In both seasons, each experiment was carried out in split plot design with three replicates. The obtained results indicated that the soil pH and EC (dSm-1) tended to decrease with increasing nitrogen mineral combined with compost and bio-fertilizer than biochar. The high of mean values of available N, P and K in soil was 44.04, 5.93 and 177.00 mg/kg soil for soil treated by compost together with nitrogen mineral fertilizer. Application of soil amendments had positive significant effect for Fe and Zn, while was not significant for Mn content in soil.The effect of biochar, compost and bio-fertilizer combined with different rates of nitrogen mineral fertilizer on plant height (cm), weight of 100 grains (g), weight of stover (ton/fed), weight of ears (ton/fed) and weight of grains yield (ton/fed) were increased with increasing nitrogen mineral application rate except plants treated with bio-fertilizer.The effect of soil amendments application significantly increased N, P and K concentrations in stover and grains. The interaction between soil amendments and different rates of nitrogen mineral fertilizer showed insignificant affect on the amount of Fe, Mn and Zn in stover and grains of maize. The application of soil amendments improved the growth characters and grain yield of maize and also the chemical and physical properties of soil.
Two field experiments were carried out at private farm at El-quntra Shark, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, during two successive seasons of summer 2018 and 2019 to study the effect of soil amendments (biochar, compost and bio-fertilizer) with or without different rates of nitrogen mineral fertilizer on the fertility of study soil and maize productivity.In both seasons, each experiment was carried out in split plot design with three replicates. The obtained results indicated that the soil pH and EC (dSm-1) tended to decrease with increasing nitrogen mineral combined with compost and bio-fertilizer than biochar. The high of mean values of available N, P and K in soil was 44.04, 5.93 and 177.00 mg/kg soil for soil treated by compost together with nitrogen mineral fertilizer. Application of soil amendments had positive significant effect for Fe and Zn, while was not significant for Mn content in soil.The effect of biochar, compost and bio-fertilizer combined with different rates of nitrogen mineral fertilizer on plant height (cm), weight of 100 grains (g), weight of stover (ton/fed), weight of ears (ton/fed) and weight of grains yield (ton/fed) were increased with increasing nitrogen mineral application rate except plants treated with bio-fertilizer.The effect of soil amendments application significantly increased N, P and K concentrations in stover and grains. The interaction between soil amendments and different rates of nitrogen mineral fertilizer showed insignificant affect on the amount of Fe, Mn and Zn in stover and grains of maize. The application of soil amendments improved the growth characters and grain yield of maize and also the chemical and physical properties of soil.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_81529_de599b2c32377151cdfecc5e8ebb1702.pdf
Soil amendments
biofertilizer
Soil fertility
Maize productivity
تعديلات التربة سماد حيوي. خصوبة التربة
إنتاجية الذرة
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2020-03-31
41
JANUARY- MARCH
105
121
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2020.81530
81530
Original Article
Effect of Inoculation with Biofertilizers and Molybdenum on the Growth and Productivity of Faba Bean (vicia faba l.) Grown in Sandy Soil under Drip Irrigation
تأثير التلقيح بواسطة المخصبات الحيوية والموليبدينوم على نمو وإنتاجية الفول البلدى
.( Vicia faba L ( في التربة الرملية تحت الري بالتنقيط
Dalal H. Sary
1
Enga M. Niel
2
Noha M. Abdelhameid
3
Sandy and Calcareous Soil Department, Soil, Water & Environment Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt.
Soils Fertility and Plant Nutrition Department, Soil, Water & Environment Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt.
Soil Fertility and Microbiology Department, Desert Research Center, Egypt.
Field experiments were carried out during 2016/ 2017 and 2017/2018 growing winter seasons using sandy soil under drip irrigation system, at Ali Mubark Experimental Farm, South Tahrir Region, Egypt. The experimental layout was carried out to provide complete randomized blocks in a split- plot design. The objective of this study to investigate the effect of application of foliar ammonium molybdate in combination with inoculation with biological fertilizers: Mycorrhiza (Glomus sp.) andRhizobium(Rhizobium leguminosarum) on the growth performance and productivity of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) plant grown in sandy soil under drip irrigation.The main treatments included foliar application of ammonium molybdate (+Mo) and without ammonium molybdate (-Mo) at rates of 5mg Mo /l and 0 mg Mo/l, respectively. The sub main treatments included four treatments (i) biological fertilizer Mycorrhiza, (ii) Rhizobia, (iii) Mix between the two biofertilizers and (iv) without biofertilizers inoculation.The obtained results indicated that treatment with Mo recorded high values of all parameters as compared to without Mo. Application of biofertilizer improved all growth characters, available of N, P, K, O.M. and soil respiration. The most effective treatment was obtained by the mixed RIZB/MYCO treatment followed by RIZB for N, K and by MYCO for P, O.M. and soil respiration. The upper soil layer (0-30 cm) contained high values of available N or P, O.M and soil respiration while availableP increased in the lower layer (30-60 cm). Macro elements (N, P, K) contents in leaves and grains showed high response to addition ofammonium molybdate with the mixedRIZB/MYCO treatments followed by RIZB for N and protein, also MYCO forK and P content. Vegetative growth characters and yield components of Faba bean plant showed high response to the mixed RIZB/MYCO treatment followed by MYCO treatment. The results showed that Myco infection had enhanced with MYCO treatment while Nitrogenase activity was enhanced with RIZB treatment for Faba bean plant grown under sandy soil and drip irrigation conditions.
Field experiments were carried out during 2016/ 2017 and 2017/2018 growing winter seasons using sandy soil under drip irrigation system, at Ali Mubark Experimental Farm, South Tahrir Region, Egypt. The experimental layout was carried out to provide complete randomized blocks in a split- plot design. The objective of this study to investigate the effect of application of foliar ammonium molybdate in combination with inoculation with biological fertilizers: Mycorrhiza (Glomus sp.) andRhizobium(Rhizobium leguminosarum) on the growth performance and productivity of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) plant grown in sandy soil under drip irrigation.The main treatments included foliar application of ammonium molybdate (+Mo) and without ammonium molybdate (-Mo) at rates of 5mg Mo /l and 0 mg Mo/l, respectively. The sub main treatments included four treatments (i) biological fertilizer Mycorrhiza, (ii) Rhizobia, (iii) Mix between the two biofertilizers and (iv) without biofertilizers inoculation.The obtained results indicated that treatment with Mo recorded high values of all parameters as compared to without Mo. Application of biofertilizer improved all growth characters, available of N, P, K, O.M. and soil respiration. The most effective treatment was obtained by the mixed RIZB/MYCO treatment followed by RIZB for N, K and by MYCO for P, O.M. and soil respiration. The upper soil layer (0-30 cm) contained high values of available N or P, O.M and soil respiration while availableP increased in the lower layer (30-60 cm). Macro elements (N, P, K) contents in leaves and grains showed high response to addition ofammonium molybdate with the mixedRIZB/MYCO treatments followed by RIZB for N and protein, also MYCO forK and P content. Vegetative growth characters and yield components of Faba bean plant showed high response to the mixed RIZB/MYCO treatment followed by MYCO treatment. The results showed that Myco infection had enhanced with MYCO treatment while Nitrogenase activity was enhanced with RIZB treatment for Faba bean plant grown under sandy soil and drip irrigation conditions.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_81530_5040c677bb570ce1059290255b41b23b.pdf
ammonium molybdate
Mycorrhiza
Rhizobium
inoculation
foliar application
Faba bean
sandy soil
موليبدات الأمونيوم الميکوريزا. ريزوبيوم. تحصين
تطبيق ورقي الفول
التربة الرملية
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2020-03-31
41
JANUARY- MARCH
123
128
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2020.84490
84490
Original Article
Morphological Characterization and Pathogenicity of pythium sp. Infecting Cucumber Seedlings in Greenhouses
الخصائص المورفولوجية والقدرة الإمراضية لبيثيوم يصيب بادرات الخيار في الصوب الزراعية
Mohamed M. Gharieb
1
Gaber A. Abo-Zaid
2
Shimaa I. Bashir
y_basher@yahoo.com
3
Elsayed E. Hafez
4
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Egypt.
Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab City, 21934, Egypt.
plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab City, 21934, Egypt.
3Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab City, 21934, Egypt.
Greenhouse-grown cucumber seedlings exhibiting typical symptoms of Pythium damping-off and root rot were collected. The causal agents were isolate on Pythium selective medium; nystatin, ampicillin, rifampicin, and miconazole (NARM) in potato dextrose agar (PDA). Four different isolates was isolated and their pathogenicity was tested using cotyledon and young seedlings assays. Results of these isolates showed variation in their ability to infect cucumber seedling. Isolate "GZ-11" was highly pathogenic, caused 100 % pre- and post-emergence damping-off. The isolate was identified to the species level based on morphological characters along with sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA and showed 99% similarity to Pythium spinosum (Synonym of Globisporangium spinosum). Aggressiveness of P. spinosum was investigated at two levels of inoculum concentrations (10 and 20 g/kg soil). Results reported that P. spinosum was highly aggressive and significantly reduced cucumber seed germination compared to the control.
Greenhouse-grown cucumber seedlings exhibiting typical symptoms of Pythium damping-off and root rot were collected. The causal agents were isolate on Pythium selective medium; nystatin, ampicillin, rifampicin, and miconazole (NARM) in potato dextrose agar (PDA). Four different isolates was isolated and their pathogenicity was tested using cotyledon and young seedlings assays. Results of these isolates showed variation in their ability to infect cucumber seedling. Isolate "GZ-11" was highly pathogenic, caused 100 % pre- and post-emergence damping-off. The isolate was identified to the species level based on morphological characters along with sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA and showed 99% similarity to Pythium spinosum (Synonym of Globisporangium spinosum). Aggressiveness of P. spinosum was investigated at two levels of inoculum concentrations (10 and 20 g/kg soil). Results reported that P. spinosum was highly aggressive and significantly reduced cucumber seed germination compared to the control.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_84490_bd919287e4ac138d35bc71618de780d0.pdf
Pythium
pathogenicity
Cucumber
ITS and phylogenetic treev
بيثيوم. الإمراضية. خيار
ITS وشجرة النشوء والتطور
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2020-03-31
41
JANUARY- MARCH
129
140
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2020.86055
86055
Original Article
Microencapsulation of Rice Bran Oil by Spray Drying and its Application in Producing High Quality Yoghurt
Nahed, M. M. Atta
1
Ahmed, M. Abo khashaba
2
Omayma, E. Shaltout
3
Hisham, A. Abd El –lateaf
4
Entisar, A. El-Difrawy
5
Fats and Oils Res. Dep., Food Tech. Research Institute,Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
Fats and Oils Res. Dep., Food Tech. Research Institute,Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
Food Sci. Dep., Faculty of Agric. Saba Basha, Alex. Univ., Alexandria, Egypt
Oils and Fats Dep., Food Tech. and Nutrition Research Division, NRC., Egypt.
Food Sci. Dep., Faculty of Agric. Saba Basha, Alex. Univ.,Alexandria, Egypt.
The present study aimed to evaluate microencapsulated rice bran oil as a potential source of bioactive compounds and to utilize it in preparing functional yoghurt. Rice bran oil (RBO) was extracted from rice bran as a by-product by hydraulic press. RBO was encapsulated by spray-drying with wall materials such as maltodextrin (MD): Whey protein concentrate (WPC), MD:WPC: gum arabic (GA) and MD:GA at ratios (3:2), (3:1:1) and (3:2), respectively. The ratios between rice bran oil (RBO) (core) and coating materials were 1:2 and 1:4. Physico-chemical characteristics and bioactive compounds were measured in RBO. The stability, particle size distribution and zeta potential of emulsion were evaluated; also encapsulation efficiency (EE) and surface morphology of capsules powder were studied. Encapsulated rice bran oil (ERBO) was used to fortify yoghurt. Physico-chemical properties (pH value, acidity and WHC) and organoleptic properties were determined during storage periods (zero time, 7 and 14 days) on the fortified yoghurt and control. The study revealed that, the mixture wall material with MD: GA at ratio 3:2 and core: coating materials at ratio 1:4 were found to be the best effective on emulsion stability (100%) with no separation phase, particle size distribution (249.8 nm.), zeta potential (-31.49 mV). Use of MD: GA as a wall material with core to coat material at ratios 1:4 for encapsulation of RBO caused a decreased in the surface oil content (0.22) and an increase in EE (78%). The particles of capsules powder obtained from MD: GA at 3:2 ratio with core to coat material at ratios 1:2 and 1:4 are smooth spheres with little appendages and no cracks or fissures. Adding powder of ERBO at different concentrations (2, 4 and 6%) and RBO at 2% to yoghurt samples caused a decrease in pH and increase in values of acidity and WHC during the storage period. According to the results obtained, there were changes in values of organoleptic parameters of control and different tested levels of supplemented yoghurt samples with RBO and ERBO during the storage periods, these changes were still within the acceptable scores and satisfaction panelists.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_86055_b03bc40329df1f5069f04bb1d4441992.pdf
rice bran oil
physico-chemical characteristics
Fatty acid composition
bioactive compounds
microencapsulation and organoleptic properties
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2020-03-30
41
JANUARY- MARCH
1
19
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2020.126357
126357
Original Article
Methods of Connection between the Agricultural Scientific Research Associations and the Agricultural Guidance and the Rural Woman Within the Point of View of Each of them for the Other in Some of the Villages of the West of AlNoubaria in AlBehaira Governorate
أساليب الربط بين الباحثين والعاملين بالإرشاد الزراعي والمرأة الريفية من وجهة نظر کلا منهم ببعض قرى غرب النوبارية محافظة البحيرة
Shaimaa Abd El Mageed Abd Allah El kholy
1
Department of Economics, Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
This research has aimed mainly the recognition of the methods of connection between the agricultural scientific research associations and the agricultural guidance and the rural woman within the point of view of each of them for the other in some of the villages of the west of ALNOUBARIA in ALBEHAIRA governorate.And the research has been achieved in the west of ALNOUBARIA in ALBEHAIRA governorate, and three villages have been chosen as they are (the village of Saad Zaghloul, Aladel, AbiBakr Alsedeek) in the west of ALNOUBARIA in ALBEHAIRA governorate, and the total cases of the research reached (504) investigated from the researchers at the researching center of ALNOUBARIA whose number is (72 researchers) and the labors in the guidance in the directorate of the agriculture in ALNOUBARIA (8 agricultural guides) and the cooperative associations in the three villages whose number is (3 managers of the agricultural associations) and all the wives of the planters (424 rural women), but it was difficult to collect the data of three of those guides and the survey has been used within the personal interview with the investigated individuals to collect the data through August and September 2019 and after collecting them , they have been extracted and analyzed statistically by the repetitions and the percentage portions.The most important results were as followed:It was clarified from the consequences regarding the methods of connection between the agricultural scientific research associations and the agricultural guidance and the rural woman that the majority of the researchers and the workers in the guidance agreed that the methods that were handled by the research can connect between the researchers and the guides and the rural woman with each other on one side and with the sources of the information on the other side, whereas the rural woman can't communicate through some of the styles that the research handled which is the cooperation between the agricultural researchers at the agricultural center of researching with the labors in the agricultural guidance and the female rural who are interested in the development of the rural family in preparing the guiding brochures (94%) validating the opportunity for the rural woman to keep in touch with the researchers at the center of the agricultural researchers and the labors of the agricultural guidance by the modern means of communication (95.8%), and that's because she suffers from illiteracy and the lack of validity of the technological abilities (the computer).For the methods of communication that are currently used between the researchers and the workers in guidance and the rural woman, the result was as followed:The majority of the researchers are using the communication methods that have been tackled by the research with the farmer including harvesting days with the percentage of 66.7%, the training courses with a percentage of 50%, the lectures with the percentage of 45.8% permanently and the guidance workers are using visits exchange with the percentage of 87.5%, the field schools with the percentage of 75%, inspecting the carrying-out sites with the percentage of 62.5% sometimes whereas the rural woman don't use any of the communication methods except for the agricultural19programs with the percentage of (19.2%) rarely, the lectures and the training courses (9.1%) scarcely.But for the obstacles that might weaken the connections between the researchers and the workers in guidance and the rural woman as they were clarified by the research:For the researchers, it was found that 45.8% of the researchers that the association of the agricultural guidance sometimes depends on the guiding staffs in accomplishing the guiding programs and activities without any trial to make use of the researching staffs at the agricultural researches center and the staffs of the rural women who are qualified in the villages, whereas 75% of the workers in the agricultural guidance that sometimes there is a lack of integration and compatibility between the association of the agricultural scientific research and the association of the agricultural guidance and the rural women because of the work conditions. And 94.6 of the rural women mentioned that the most important obstacle are represented in the presence of difference between the agricultural researchers at the agricultural center of researches and the workers in agricultural guidance and the rural females in their educational background and the suitable methods of communication among them to realize the mutual cooperation between each other to achieve the mutual cooperation to solve the productive problems of the rural females,in addition, there is weakness in the technology of information and communication to connect between the agricultural researchers at the agricultural scientific research center and the labors at the agricultural guidance and the rural woman.
This research has aimed mainly the recognition of the methods of connection between the agricultural scientific research associations and the agricultural guidance and the rural woman within the point of view of each of them for the other in some of the villages of the west of ALNOUBARIA in ALBEHAIRA governorate.And the research has been achieved in the west of ALNOUBARIA in ALBEHAIRA governorate, and three villages have been chosen as they are (the village of Saad Zaghloul, Aladel, AbiBakr Alsedeek) in the west of ALNOUBARIA in ALBEHAIRA governorate, and the total cases of the research reached (504) investigated from the researchers at the researching center of ALNOUBARIA whose number is (72 researchers) and the labors in the guidance in the directorate of the agriculture in ALNOUBARIA (8 agricultural guides) and the cooperative associations in the three villages whose number is (3 managers of the agricultural associations) and all the wives of the planters (424 rural women), but it was difficult to collect the data of three of those guides and the survey has been used within the personal interview with the investigated individuals to collect the data through August and September 2019 and after collecting them , they have been extracted and analyzed statistically by the repetitions and the percentage portions.The most important results were as followed:It was clarified from the consequences regarding the methods of connection between the agricultural scientific research associations and the agricultural guidance and the rural woman that the majority of the researchers and the workers in the guidance agreed that the methods that were handled by the research can connect between the researchers and the guides and the rural woman with each other on one side and with the sources of the information on the other side, whereas the rural woman can't communicate through some of the styles that the research handled which is the cooperation between the agricultural researchers at the agricultural center of researching with the labors in the agricultural guidance and the female rural who are interested in the development of the rural family in preparing the guiding brochures (94%) validating the opportunity for the rural woman to keep in touch with the researchers at the center of the agricultural researchers and the labors of the agricultural guidance by the modern means of communication (95.8%), and that's because she suffers from illiteracy and the lack of validity of the technological abilities (the computer).For the methods of communication that are currently used between the researchers and the workers in guidance and the rural woman, the result was as followed:The majority of the researchers are using the communication methods that have been tackled by the research with the farmer including harvesting days with the percentage of 66.7%, the training courses with a percentage of 50%, the lectures with the percentage of 45.8% permanently and the guidance workers are using visits exchange with the percentage of 87.5%, the field schools with the percentage of 75%, inspecting the carrying-out sites with the percentage of 62.5% sometimes whereas the rural woman don't use any of the communication methods except for the agricultural19programs with the percentage of (19.2%) rarely, the lectures and the training courses (9.1%) scarcely.But for the obstacles that might weaken the connections between the researchers and the workers in guidance and the rural woman as they were clarified by the research:For the researchers, it was found that 45.8% of the researchers that the association of the agricultural guidance sometimes depends on the guiding staffs in accomplishing the guiding programs and activities without any trial to make use of the researching staffs at the agricultural researches center and the staffs of the rural women who are qualified in the villages, whereas 75% of the workers in the agricultural guidance that sometimes there is a lack of integration and compatibility between the association of the agricultural scientific research and the association of the agricultural guidance and the rural women because of the work conditions. And 94.6 of the rural women mentioned that the most important obstacle are represented in the presence of difference between the agricultural researchers at the agricultural center of researches and the workers in agricultural guidance and the rural females in their educational background and the suitable methods of communication among them to realize the mutual cooperation between each other to achieve the mutual cooperation to solve the productive problems of the rural females,in addition, there is weakness in the technology of information and communication to connect between the agricultural researchers at the agricultural scientific research center and the labors at the agricultural guidance and the rural woman.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_126357_f394d83b14bb6e71ed7e10ab1b49c0b6.pdf
اساليب الربط
الباحثين
والعاملين بالإرشاد الزراعي
والمرأة الريفية