2024-03-29T04:24:09Z
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=395
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2007
28
OCTOBER- DECEMBER
Cut off Wheat (triticum Sp.) Irrigation as an Effective Technique for Improving Water Management
Kassab
M.M
M.A.M.
Ibrahim
Two field experiments were conducted during the two successive seasons 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 to assess the effect of irrigation length on wheat yield and wheat water use parameters. Five irrigation length treatments were examined; 100% of strip length (S.L) without cut off (Trt. A), 95% (Trt. B), 90% (Trt. C), 85% (Trt. D) and 80% S.L (Trt. E). The obtained results revealed that: Average of seasonal water applied were, in descending order as follows: A (2516.6) > B (2412.24) > C (2278.06) > D (2201.26) > E (2111.51) m3fed-1. Average water saving, in the two growing seasons, was 238.54 m3/fed. i.e. 9.48% for the best treatment 90% cut off in comparison with 100% without cut off. This water saving might be represented more than 0.5 mil. m3 of irrigation water for the wheat national cultivated area (2.5 x 106 fed.). Average water consumptive use could be arranged in descending orders: A (45.46) > B (43.35) > C (41.27) > D (40.01) > E (37.98) cm. The corresponding rates of consumptive use were0.27, 0.26, 0.24, 0.23 and 0.22 cm/day for the same treatments, respectively. The average values of consumptive use efficiency ranged between 91 to 94% for different treatments. Significant differences were found among the studied treatments regarding grain and straw yields as well as biological yield, 1000-grain weight and harvest index. The highest grain yield (2984.75 kg/fed. (7.1 ton/ha)) was scored with 90% cut off (Trt. C); i.e. watering till 90% of the cultivated wheat strip. The highest average of water utilization efficiency (WUtE) was about 1.61 kg/m3 which associated with the 90% cut off (Trt. C). On the other hand, the lowest value of about 1.16 kg/m3 was obtained from the control Trt A.
2007
10
01
158
167
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_1884_8891040771c047ff2d556dcd2890ed39.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2007
28
OCTOBER- DECEMBER
The Role of Personality Traits in the Relationship between Organizational Structure and Job Satisfaction: An empirical study on rural organizations in El-Behira governorate
Mohamed
A. Elbardan
Amir
Mohamed Abdalla
Theoretical and empirical relationships between organizational structure and job satisfaction have received a renewed considerable attention in the literature. Typically, empirical models of organizational behavior have related job satisfaction to the interaction of the socio-personality characteristics of individuals and the internal characteristics of the organization. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that some individual personality traits (such as motivation/achievement) play an intervening role in the relationship between organizational structure and job satisfaction. The study was conducted in El-Behira governorate and random disproportionate stratified sample was used to determine the selected 4 districts ( Damanhour, kom Hamada, kafr eldwar and abo homos) and 8 villages were selected randomly 2 villages from each district. The data was collected by personal interviews from the top management at 48 rural organizations.Data was statistically analyzed by applying both simple regression and stepwise multiple regression. Results show that the organizational structure is explaining about 29% from the variance of job satisfaction and motivation explains about 14% from the variance of job satisfaction. The study recommended that more attention should be paid to modelling short/long term structural plans according the skill variety, task identifying, task implication, autonomy and feedback framework. Finally the study suggests a several mechanisms for motivating employees as summarized here: 1-the institutional dynamics, 2- improving the work physical conditions, 3- involve employees in the formulating the skill variety, task identifying, task implication, autonomy and feedback frameworks,4- reward constructive classifications, and 5- clarifying the link between productivity and financial rewards.
2007
10
01
168
175
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_1885_8adc646744f2e5d69694e5bd5317d4d9.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2007
28
OCTOBER- DECEMBER
Impact of Certain Insecticides on Chemical Composition of Greenhouse and Open Field Tomato Plants
Mohammed
A. AL-Eed
The impact of four insecticides; pirimiphos-methyl, chlorpyrifos-ethyl, cypermethrin and fenvalerate, on the chemical composition of greenhouse and open field tomato were evaluated. Insecticides were applied at recommended rates that used to control the insect pests. Data of moisture and ash contents revealed no significant differences between the greenhouse treated and untreated plants. However, dramatic effects were observed between treated and untreated open field plants in which slight increase or decrease were recorded. Carbohydrate contents were significantly decreased in all insecticide treatments when compared with control in greenhouse. However, slight increase of carbohydrate contents was recorded in open field treated plants compared with the control. Moreover, data showed slight reduction of phosphorus and nitrogen contents in most of the insecticide treatments either in greenhouse or in open field plants. In the case of trace elements data showed an increase of iron, zinc and copper contents in greenhouse treated plants and reduction of manganese, zinc and Copper in open field treated plants. However, dramatic effects were observed in the case of iron in open field and manganese in greenhouse treated plants. In conclusion, the impact of insecticides on chemical composition of tomato plants might depend on the environmental factors and the chemical structure of insecticide.
2007
10
01
176
182
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_1886_955a51ff6e63ce732cbddbcc48a247ee.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2007
28
OCTOBER- DECEMBER
Factors Affecting Chemical DTPA-Extractabilily of Some Heavy Metals From Different Soil Types in Egypt
Ragab
M.M.
A.S.
Antar
N.I.
Talha
M. I.
El-Shahawy
The objectives of this study were to determine the amounts of total and available heavy metals in some Egyptian soils and their relation with some soil properties. Five soil profiles; two from Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate located at south Kafr El-Sheikh city and south Baltim city to represent Delta soils and three profiles from El-Beheira Governorate located at Housh-Eisa, Abo El-Matameir and Mariut to represent Delta fringes soils. These profiles were chosen to cover as far as possible the Delta soils (Fluvial and Lacustrine soils) and Delta fringes soils (Sandy calcareous and Alluvial calcareous soils and Calcareous soils) at the northern part of Egypt. Data showed that, the surface layers of Delta soil contained higher amounts of total and available Cu, Ni, Cd and Pb than the subsurface soil layers and decreased with depth. The contents of total Cu, Ni, Cd and Pb in Delta soils varied from 246.3 to 102.5, 186.3 to 100.0, 9.85 to 1.85 and 175.0 to 60.0 mg/kg soil, respectively in the surface layers. The corresponding values of the DTPA-extractable metals were 11.8 to 11.4, 0.78 to 0.8, 0.21 to 0.023 and 0.37 to 0.22 ppm, respectively. The average content of total Cu, Ni, Cd and Pb for Delta fringes soils varied from one metal to another and also from one soil to another. Therefore, these metals can be arranged according to their contents in the order: Cu > Pb > Ni >Cd. The contents of total Cu, Ni, Cd and Pb in Delta fringes soils varied from 57.5 to 120.0, 62.5 to 95.0, 2.3 to 4.65 and 39.5 to 69.5 mg/kg, respectively for the surface layers. The alluvial calcareous soils recorded the lowest amounts of heavy metals; whereas sandy calcareous soils recorded the highest ones. The available amounts of these metals varied relatively in narrow range and the averages were 2.11, 0.16, 0.035 and 0.20 mg/kg soil for Cu, Ni, Cd and Pb, respectively. The values reveal that metal content is mainly dependent on soil parent material, organic matter content and cation exchange capacity. Highly positive significant correlations were found between clay and silt % with total and available heavy metals, and also between organic matter content and total and available metals except available Cu. Cation exchange capacity showed highly significant correlations with either total or available metals. On the other hand, negative correlations were found between calcium carbonate and total and available metals. It can be concluded that, the heavy metal contents in the studied soils are affected mainly by the geochemical sources or soil parent material.
Heavy metals
Delta soils and Delta fringes soils
Total metal
DTPA-metal
2007
10
01
183
191
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_1887_3e5e82479d38a966b1edac564a31c15f.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2007
28
OCTOBER- DECEMBER
Study of the Effect of Crop Patterns on Farm Water Losses at North and West Nile Delta, Egypt
Saied
M.M;
Ragab
M.M.
Omar
E.H.
Abd Elaziz
M.A.
Egypt is considered as semi arid region, therefore, water is the limiting resource to maximize the agricultural production. To maximize the benefit of water resource, it is necessary to identify the causes of irrigation water losses through the system of irrigation on the farm level and water budget studies were conducted during summer season, 2005 on four branch canals. Dakalt and El Kahawagy branch canals represented Kafr El Shiekh Governorate (North Nile Delta), while Besntway and El – Hamamy branch canals represented, El Behera Governorate (West Nile Delta). Two improved mesqas were selected at Kafr El Shiekh, and four at El Behera, were selected at different locations. The cropped areas for the selected mesqas in Kafr El Sheikh Governorate ranged from 71.43 to 100% for rice, 0.0 to 28.34% for cotton and 0.00 to 0.23 % for maize. While in El Behera governorate, the cropped area ranged from 11.83 to 75.61% for rice, 4.59 to 58.93% for cotton, 0.96 to 3.76% for maize, 1.03 to 36.09% for fruits and 0.54 to 4.88% for vegetables. The conveyance efficiency average values ranged from 78.64 to 83.56 % for Kafr El Sheikh and from 78.12 to 86.57 % for El Behera. Water conveyance losses in earth marwas werefound to be 18.9% and 16.76% for Kafr El Shiekh and El Behera, respectively. Field irrigation efficiency was a minimum value for El Naira mesqa (55.81%) because all area cultivated with rice, but it was 80.26% in Sharf El Den mesqa when rice occupied 35.73% of the total area.Total benefit values could be arranged as following ascending order: El Shemy & El Taweel mesqa > Ganab 1 mesqa > Sharaf El Den mesqa > Om Henesh C mesqa >El Deeb & Abd Ella mesqa >El – Naira mesqa. The most efficient utilization of water unit was achieved when rice area ranged between 11.8 and 66% of the total mesqa area to maximize the return of water unit and minimize water conveyance and field losses. The crop pattern should be adopted with mesqa water supply to ensure higher on – farm irrigation efficiency and reduce water losses.
Key words: Cropping pattern on farm water losses
and efficiencies
2007
10
01
192
198
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_1888_2ec04b6fe9419fd4e304aa682538bebb.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2007
28
OCTOBER- DECEMBER
Effect of Cooking on Aluminium Migration to Meats Wrapped in Aluminium Foil Under Resturant Conditions
Khaled
A. Osman
Hala
H. Elsayed
Cooking of wrapped meats in aluminium foil is a common practice applied in many resturants, fast food outlets and hotels. However, there is concern araised recently regarding the toxicity of aluminium and its relations to some diseases (mainly chronic renal failure, various bone (osteomalacia) and neurological failures (Alzhemier’s disease). The effect of different cooking treatments (150 °C for 60 min, 200°C for 40 min, and 250 °C for 20 min ) on aluminium (Al ) contents in red meats (beef, water buffalo, sheep) and white meats (chicken and turkey) cooked in aluminium foil were studied. Data revealed that cooking elevated Al concentrations of both red and white meats. The increase was 10.20–83.0% in red meats and 12.20–75% in poultry. The least increase was observed in the samples cooked at 150 °C for 60 min, while the highest increase was traced in samples cooked at 250 °C for 20 min. It can be concluded that the cooking processes affected the migration of Al and thereby cooked meats wrapped in aluminium foil may carry a risk to human health. Therefore,data of the present study can be a guide for resturants, fast food outlets and hotels to avoid wrapping of meats in aluminium foils prior to cooking, and use glass utensils for food cooking instead of aluminium foil in order to prevent contamination of meats with aluminium.In case of wrapping meats in aluminium foil, it is advisable to apply low cooking temperature for long time (i.e. 150 °C for 60 min.). Data presented here indicated that such a treatment results in a decline of migration rate of Al from foil to food.
2007
10
01
199
208
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_1889_879b1258f4d4e1aa4a9c55a5f4ffe936.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2007
28
OCTOBER- DECEMBER
Response of Two Fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) Cultivars To Foliar Application with Brassinosteroids
Laila
Kamal Balbaa
Two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Station of the National Research Centre at Shalkan, Kaluobia Governorate, during the two successive seasons of 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 to study response of two fenugreek cultivarsto foliar application with brassinosteroids. The main results were: 1-The two fenugreek cultivars under study, cv. Giza-2 and cv. Giza-30 were significantly different in growth characters at the different stages of growth and yield and its components, as well as, chemical constituents of seeds (carbohydrates, proteins, and fixed oil percentages) and protein and fixed oil yields "Ton/fed".Moreover, cv. Giza-30 cultivar significantly outweighed cv. Giza-2 in growth characters, yield and its components, carbohydrates; protein and fixed oil percentages as well as protein and fixed oil yields per feddan. 2-Foliar application with different concentrations of brassinosteroides (i.e. control, 50.0, 100.0, 150.0 and 200 mg/l) significantly affected growth characters at 75, 90 and 105 days after sowing, yield and its components, chemical constituents of seeds, protein yield/fed and fixed oil yield/fed. Furthermore, foliar application with 200 mg/l BRS recorded the highest significant values of growth characters, yield and its components, carbohydrate%; protein%; fixed oil% per seeds, as well as protein yield/fed and fixed oil% compared with control, 50.0; 100.0, 150.0 mg/l BRS. 3-With respect of the interaction between fenugreek cultivars and diffeent concentrations of brassinosteroid, the effects were significant on all characters studied except protein% per seeds. Generally, spraying cv. Giza‑30 with 200 mg/l BRS recorded the greatest significant values of growth characters, yield and its components, carbohydrate% and fixed oil% per seeds, protein yield/fed and fixed oil yield/fed.
2007
10
01
209
215
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_1891_6ab2febe4c45b933f567fb7ecdab58f2.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2007
28
OCTOBER- DECEMBER
Lorsban-Induced Changes in Haematological and Some Reproductive Parameters of Male Rats
Yousef
M.I.
Lotfy
T.M.R
The present study was carried out to investigate the possible toxic effects of different doses of lorsban on blood hematology, testosterone and thyroxin levels, and semen quality of male rats. Lorsban was given to rats by oral route at different doses (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg bw/day) for 6-weeks. The obtained results showed that all three doses of lorsban caused significant changes in the body weight gains and body weight. Relative weights of testes, epididymal and seminal vesicles were significantly (P<0.05) decreased in rats receiving 15 mg/kg only. Also, there was a decrease in mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in all experimental animals compared to control ones. While, there were insignificant changes in white blood cells (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit value (Ht), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red blood cells (RBC) for rats treated with lorsban compared to control group. Meanwhile, it appeared that lorsban caused a rise in thrombocyte (PL) number in individuals treated with the highest dose. Similarly, the highest dose induced significant (p < 0.001) decrease in spermatids number, sperm count and sperm transit rate with an observed impairment of daily sperm production. Such observations were coupled with a reduction in plasma testosterone levels and an increase in plasma free thyroxin (FT4) levels compared to controls. It is, therefore, assumed that treatment with lorsban up to 15 mg/kg bw alters both hematological and reproductive parameters in rats, and subsequently affects fertility.
Rats
lorsban
Haematological parameters
semen quality
testosterone
thyroxin
2007
10
01
216
223
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_1892_9bb6c8eb3cc623acafea281890535e59.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2007
28
OCTOBER- DECEMBER
Effect of Some Kindof Vegetable Oils on Hypercholesterolemic Rats
Iman
Abdulhadi M. El-Blooni
The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of using some vegetable oils as (garlic oil, flaxseed oil, sesame oil, fenugreek oil, Nigella oil, soybean oil, cumin oil, onion oil and their oil blend) at ratio 15% level on daily food intake , body weight gain , feed efficiency ratio ,also on serum glucose level , serum blood lipids fraction, liver and kidney function on hypercholesterolemic rats. A total of (66) male albino rats 120±5g body weight used in this study. Rats were divided into two main groups , the first group (A) 6 rats was used as a control negative group (-ve) and fed on the basal diet only , the second group (60 rats) fed on the hypercholesterolemic diet (1.5% cholesterol +0.25% bile salts) for two week to induce hypercholesterolemia and then divided randomly into (10 subgroups) one of them used as a control positive (+ve) fed on hypercholesterolemic diet only (group B).The other subgroups fed on hypercholesterolemic diet containing 15% of each of vegetable oils as substituent to corn oil.A blend of all oils at equal amounts was also used. The results revealed that the feeding of hypercholesterolemic rats on all kinds of different oil increased significant of weight gain, food intake and FER as compared to (+ve) group. It showed significant reduction of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and serum glucose level compared to the control positive group (B).All experimental diet increased serum concentration of HDL-c, decreased concentration of serum AST, ALT enzymes, uric acid, urea nitrogen and creatinine of hypercholesterolemic rats. This study revealed that the best result obtained with garlic oil for all parameters; this treatment showed nonsignificant change compared with control negative (A) group.
2007
10
01
224
235
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_1894_342c3b020bf60938a0bedfa08a9c549d.pdf
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
1110-0176
2007
28
OCTOBER- DECEMBER
Microbiological and Chemical analysis for some metals In water circulated in Riyadh Like Zamzam Water
Fawzia Mohamed
Abd Allah El Moataz
This study aimed to determine microbic contents and chemical analysis for some basic metals and non basic metals (heavy) and non metallic compounds such as nitrite in water circulated in Riyadh via small trucks or small commercial shops dealing in vegetables of species, this water are to be sold in 6 gallons, plastic packages of 10 liter.
Laboratories of ministry of water and electricity and IDAK laboratories were asked for aid, also Saudi standard specifications of water were used, as well as water specification issued by international health organization for comparison, also it was referred to a previous analysis take place in 1426 H at laboratory of water and electricity for Zamzam Water from a basic resource in Mecca (In previous research for the researcher) was transferred to Riyadh inside a steriled package of capacity (3.8 liter) and putting ice bags.
According to international health organization method to take samples (1988) to analyze at the ministry's laboratory) this research proved that Zamzam's water was free of and colon bacteria but the Nitrite percentage were very high, where water content circulated via traveling salesmen reached 128.5 mg/L and water sold at commercials shops 128.8 mg/ L it is clear that there is no significant difference between them, by comparing water circulated in commercial shops with water refined in ministry of water and electricity we found that it reached 59.0 mg/ L near to Saudi Specification and center national organization specification which determined a percentage of 50 mg/L as a maximum allowable percentage where the nitrites percentage of the analyzed water from it's main source in Mecca in 1426 H Reached 7.0 mg/L
Also this packages lack any guide card and subjection to food and water control supervision, also workers have no proof regarding acquiring any medical examination certificate and they seem careless and un clean persons
The researcher suggests the importance of establishing a supervision committee to make sure of this water quality and analyzing it
Also she suggests establishing a factory supervised by a governmental body reliable for packaging Zamzam water according to healthy conditions to guarantee safe manufacturing, transport and storage and guarantee reaching to consumer in other cities at low prices.
2007
10
01
210
226
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158363_364f320bd129a106778eef78d77adaf7.pdf