eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-03-01
39
January-March
1
6
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.5322
5322
Original Article
Effects of Turmeric Addition on Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity and Sensory Evaluation of Lentil Soup
تأثيرات إضافة الکرکم على الترکيب الکيميائي والخواص الحسية ونشاط تضادّ الأکسدة لحساء العدس
Mahmoud A. Rozan
1
Hala M. Bayomy
2
Esmail G. Boriy
3
Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Egypt
Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Egypt
Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Egypt
The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the chemical, sensory and antioxidant activity of lentil soup made with the addition of different levels of turmeric powder. The crude protein was 21.6% in lentil, whilst it was 3.18% in turmeric. Analyses revealed that turmeric contains higher amounts of both total phenolic (119.04 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (9.61 mg RE/g) and had higher antioxidant activity followed by lentil soup compared with lentil seed. The increasing of addition level of turmeric powder in lentil soup significantly increased viscosity, yellow colors, and significantly decreased lightness. Moreover, the addition of turmeric powder significantly affects appearance, flavor, taste, texture attributes and overall acceptability of the resultant soups. In Conclusion, turmeric powder could be incorporated to lentil soup formulation up 2 g /100 g lentil to improve its quality attributes without causing any sensorial defect.
The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the chemical, sensory and antioxidant activity of lentil soup made with the addition of different levels of turmeric powder. The crude protein was 21.6% in lentil, whilst it was 3.18% in turmeric. Analyses revealed that turmeric contains higher amounts of both total phenolic (119.04 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (9.61 mg RE/g) and had higher antioxidant activity followed by lentil soup compared with lentil seed. The increasing of addition level of turmeric powder in lentil soup significantly increased viscosity, yellow colors, and significantly decreased lightness. Moreover, the addition of turmeric powder significantly affects appearance, flavor, taste, texture attributes and overall acceptability of the resultant soups. In Conclusion, turmeric powder could be incorporated to lentil soup formulation up 2 g /100 g lentil to improve its quality attributes without causing any sensorial defect.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_5322_37eed897fd38c3b366450797474f57ed.pdf
lentil
Turmeric
Lentil soup
Phenolics
Flavonoids
viscosity
Color
العدس
الکرکم
حساء العدس
المواد الفينولية
الفلافونويدات
تضاد الأکسدة
اللزوجة
اللون
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-03-30
39
January-March
7
16
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.5503
5503
Original Article
Monitoring the Changes of the Chemical and Physical Properties of the Planted Soil with Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris) Plants under the Influence of Nano-Silica Treatments
رصد التغيرات في الخصائص الکيميائية والفيزيائية في التربة المزروعة بنبات الفاصوليا (Phaseolus vulgaris) تحت تأثير النانو السيليکا
Abdullah Hassan Al-Saeedi
1
Department of Environment and Natural Resources,Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia.
This experiment was conducted in the green house at the Agricultural and Veterinary Training Research Station, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia in the season of 2016-2017, to study the effects of different suspension of five rates of Nano-silica (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg kg-1 soil) which added to the soil before cultivation of bean plant on some chemical and physical properties of the soil. Complete block design with three replications was used in this experiment. The results indicated that the nano-silica rates have significant effect on percentage of sand, Silt, and clay particles, cation exchange capacity (CEC), particle density, porosity, saturation percentage, and surface area but has no significant effect on bulk density. All physical and chemical characters increased with increasing nano-silica rates except the bulk density, sand, EC, soluble Ca2+ andsoluble Mg2+ decreased with increasing nano silica rates. Also, total nitrogen and the yield of bean crop increased with the increase of nano silica (NS) treatments up to 200 ppm and then decreases with increasing NS at 400ppm.
This experiment was conducted in the green house at the Agricultural and Veterinary Training Research Station, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia in the season of 2016-2017, to study the effects of different suspension of five rates of Nano-silica (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg kg-1 soil) which added to the soil before cultivation of bean plant on some chemical and physical properties of the soil. Complete block design with three replications was used in this experiment. The results indicated that the nano-silica rates have significant effect on percentage of sand, Silt, and clay particles, cation exchange capacity (CEC), particle density, porosity, saturation percentage, and surface area but has no significant effect on bulk density. All physical and chemical characters increased with increasing nano-silica rates except the bulk density, sand, EC, soluble Ca2+ andsoluble Mg2+ decreased with increasing nano silica rates. Also, total nitrogen and the yield of bean crop increased with the increase of nano silica (NS) treatments up to 200 ppm and then decreases with increasing NS at 400ppm.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_5503_7bae78cefae37c6be316a0eed36ffb49.pdf
Nano silica
CEC
pH
bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
particle density
porosity
Crop yield
نانو سيليکا CEC. الرقم الهيدروجيني. الفول (فاسولوس فولغاريس)
کثافة الجزيء
المسامية
غلة المحاصيل
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-03-30
39
January-March
17
34
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.5504
5504
Original Article
Application of Biosurfactant Producing Microorganisms to Remediate Heavy Metal Pollution in El-Gabal El-Asfar Area
اضافة الکائنات الدقيقة المنتجة للمرکبات الحيوية النشطة سطحيا لمعالجة التلوث بالعناصر الثقيلة بمنطقة الجبل الاصفر
Rabaa Y. Yaseen
rabaa.yaseen@yahoo.com
1
Samah M. Abd El-Aziz
2
Doaa T. Eissa
3
Ahmed M. Abou-Shady
aboushady@ymail.com
4
Soil Fertility and Microbiology Department, Water Resources and Desert Soils Division, Desert Research Center, El-Matariya 11753, Cairo, Egypt
Soil Fertility and Microbiology Department, Water Resources and Desert Soils Division, Desert Research Center, El-Matariya 11753, Cairo, Egypt
Laboratory of Water & Soil Chemistry, Water Resources and Desert Soils Division, Desert Research Center, El-Matariya 11753, Cairo, Egypt.
Laboratory of Water & Soil Chemistry, Water Resources and Desert Soils Division, Desert Research Center, El-Matariya 11753, Cairo, Egypt.
In the present study, the effects of biosurfactant producing cells of different bacterial species namely Pseudochrobactrum lubricantisa, Lysobacter novalis, and crude biosurfactant extracted from Aspergillus niger were investigated as a cheap source to alleviate the availability of Pb2+ for plants grown in El-Gabal El-Asfar area, Egypt. This is owing to these areas are basically depend on the reused wastewater for irrigation. Biosurfactant producing microorganisms were isolated from three different farms aged for 20, 40, and 60 years. The obtained results showed that, the biosurfactant producing bacteria decreased the availability of Pb2+ in the outlet leachate during the leaching columns experiments. In contrast, Sr2+ leachate showed the reverse trend that was observed with Pb2+. Taguchi approach indicated that, the mechanisms of biosurfactant producing bacteria are very complicated and interfused with each other. The most factors affected the available form of Pb2+ and Pb2+ existed in organic form was Pb2+ concentrations, however the exchangeable Pb2+, Pb2+ bond to carbonate, Pb2+ bond to sulfate, and plant content the most influential factors was biosurfactant producing bacteria. The most influential factors affected NPK uptake by watercress were found to take the following sequence biosurfactant producing bacteria > Sr2+ doses > Pb2+ doses.
In the present study, the effects of biosurfactant producing cells of different bacterial species namely Pseudochrobactrum lubricantisa, Lysobacter novalis, and crude biosurfactant extracted from Aspergillus niger were investigated as a cheap source to alleviate the availability of Pb2+ for plants grown in El-Gabal El-Asfar area, Egypt. This is owing to these areas are basically depend on the reused wastewater for irrigation. Biosurfactant producing microorganisms were isolated from three different farms aged for 20, 40, and 60 years. The obtained results showed that, the biosurfactant producing bacteria decreased the availability of Pb2+ in the outlet leachate during the leaching columns experiments. In contrast, Sr2+ leachate showed the reverse trend that was observed with Pb2+. Taguchi approach indicated that, the mechanisms of biosurfactant producing bacteria are very complicated and interfused with each other. The most factors affected the available form of Pb2+ and Pb2+ existed in organic form was Pb2+ concentrations, however the exchangeable Pb2+, Pb2+ bond to carbonate, Pb2+ bond to sulfate, and plant content the most influential factors was biosurfactant producing bacteria. The most influential factors affected NPK uptake by watercress were found to take the following sequence biosurfactant producing bacteria > Sr2+ doses > Pb2+ doses.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_5504_5cec99757f44771348f97c02fa1705f2.pdf
Biosurfactant
Heavy metals
Remediation
Pb2+
Sr2+
Taguchi approach
عامل حيوي. معادن ثقيلة
علاج Pb2 +
ريال 2 +
نهج تاجوتشي
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-03-30
39
January-March
35
47
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.5531
5531
Original Article
Influence of Deficit Irrigation Using Saline Water on Yield of Tomato under Two Irrigation Systems
تأثير نقص مياه الري بإستخدام مياه مالحه علي محصول الطماطم تحت نظامي ري مختلفين
Ahmed F. Saad
ahmed.saad@alexu.edu.eg
1
Adel. A. Shalaby
2
Ahmed. M. Mokhtar
3
Department of Soils and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt.
Department of Soil Chemistry and Physics, Desert Research Center, Egypt.
Department of Soil Chemistry and Physics, Desert Research Center, Egypt.
Field experiment was conducted in calcareous soil at Maryout Experimental Station Farm, Desert Research Center, Egypt to investigate the influence of deficit irrigation water using highly saline water on yield and water productivity of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum, mill., cultivator 888) under drip and gated pipe irrigation systems. The tomato plants were subjected to 3 deficit irrigation depths (100, 75 and 50 % of ETc) throughout 3 growth stages (development, flowering and harvesting) using highly saline water of 9.15 dSm-1 plus control treatment. The tomato plants were irrigated by the full irrigation (100 % ETc) during the whole growth season using slightly saline water of 2.80 dSm-1.The reduction percentage in tomato fruit yield ranged between 9.9 to 41.5 % and 9.1 to 30.9 % at treatment T2100 – D (plants irrigated by the full irrigation: 100% of ETc) using highly saline water throughout the development stage then irrigated by the same water depth using slightly saline water (agricultural drainage water), throughout the other growth stages and treatment T950 – F (plants irrigated by deficit irrigation depth of 50% ETc using highly saline water, 9.15dSm-1. The flowering growth stage of tomatoes was the highest stage influenced to deficit irrigation using highly saline water especially at deficit irrigation of 50 % ETc. The tomato fruit yield under drip irrigation system was significantly higher than that obtained under gated pipe irrigation system. The highest value of crop water productivity (CWP) was obtained at control treatment and the lowest value was obtained at treatment T950-F. The highest and lowest values were 9.5 and 5.56 kg/m3 and 8.23 and 5.69 kg/m3 under drip and gated pipe irrigation systems, respectively. A significant polynomial relationship between tomato fruit yield (Y), kg/m2, and applied irrigation water (AW), m3/m2 was given with R2 0.78. The predicted maximum yields were 18.54 and 11.63 kg/m2 and the corresponding calculated the applied irrigation water were 2.57 and 2.59 m3/m2 under drip and gated pipe irrigation systems, respectively. The crop response factor (Ky) using highly saline water under drip and gated pipe irrigation systems were 1.090 and 0.743, respectively.
Field experiment was conducted in calcareous soil at Maryout Experimental Station Farm, Desert Research Center, Egypt to investigate the influence of deficit irrigation water using highly saline water on yield and water productivity of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum, mill., cultivator 888) under drip and gated pipe irrigation systems. The tomato plants were subjected to 3 deficit irrigation depths (100, 75 and 50 % of ETc) throughout 3 growth stages (development, flowering and harvesting) using highly saline water of 9.15 dSm-1 plus control treatment. The tomato plants were irrigated by the full irrigation (100 % ETc) during the whole growth season using slightly saline water of 2.80 dSm-1.The reduction percentage in tomato fruit yield ranged between 9.9 to 41.5 % and 9.1 to 30.9 % at treatment T2100 – D (plants irrigated by the full irrigation: 100% of ETc) using highly saline water throughout the development stage then irrigated by the same water depth using slightly saline water (agricultural drainage water), throughout the other growth stages and treatment T950 – F (plants irrigated by deficit irrigation depth of 50% ETc using highly saline water, 9.15dSm-1. The flowering growth stage of tomatoes was the highest stage influenced to deficit irrigation using highly saline water especially at deficit irrigation of 50 % ETc. The tomato fruit yield under drip irrigation system was significantly higher than that obtained under gated pipe irrigation system. The highest value of crop water productivity (CWP) was obtained at control treatment and the lowest value was obtained at treatment T950-F. The highest and lowest values were 9.5 and 5.56 kg/m3 and 8.23 and 5.69 kg/m3 under drip and gated pipe irrigation systems, respectively. A significant polynomial relationship between tomato fruit yield (Y), kg/m2, and applied irrigation water (AW), m3/m2 was given with R2 0.78. The predicted maximum yields were 18.54 and 11.63 kg/m2 and the corresponding calculated the applied irrigation water were 2.57 and 2.59 m3/m2 under drip and gated pipe irrigation systems, respectively. The crop response factor (Ky) using highly saline water under drip and gated pipe irrigation systems were 1.090 and 0.743, respectively.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_5531_d67571630abecca6ba07fe6dcb4bae72.pdf
Deficit Irrigation
saline water
crop water productivity
drip irrigation and gated pipe
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-03-30
39
January-March
48
55
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.5534
5534
Original Article
Utilization of Thinned Cotton Plants through Bare-Root Transplanting Coupled with Foliar Application of Nutrients
الإستفادة من نباتات الخف عارية الجذور فى القطن عن طريق الشتل والتسميد الورقى
Mona M. Hemeid
mona.mohamed@alexu.edu.eg
1
Mahmoud M. Zeid
mahmoud.zeid@alexu.edu.eg
2
Ali I. Nawar
3
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture,Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
A two year experiment was conducted to investigate the possibility of transplanting cotton plants of the cultivars Giza 86 and Giza 88 thinned from hills grown in the permanent field. The bare-root transplants (BRT) were thinned at the age of 30 days and transplants received three different foliar applications of macro- and micro-nutrients as compared to the direct seeded plants. The BRT method with five foliar applications of macronutrients and two foliar applications of micronutrients significantly improved survival rate of seedlings and surpassed the directly sown plants in seed-cotton yield and its components. Increase in yield was 11.4% for Giza 86 and 4.9% for Giza 88. No effects for transplanting on fiber properties were observed for the cultivar Giza 88. The BRT method with seven foliar applications was suggested as a practical and affordable method for cotton transplanting compared to potted-transplanting (PT). These results have positive implications on the utilization of plants that are usually wasted by the thinning process (about 60-70%) in the direct seed sowing method, especially in areas devoted for cultivars' seed multiplication. A second application of the BRT method is identical to the PT method but rather cheaper, where nurseries (as in rice transplanting) could be grown directly in the permanent field, allowing the preceding winter crops to reach maturity, while cotton nurseries are grown on the optimum sowing date during March. Thus the main goal of the transplanting process would be achieved, namely; 70% less amount of seeds would be required for sowing annually. This implies that demand on seeds produced by the government will decline by the same rate and thus more focus on seed quality and genetic purity, rather than seed mass production, could be achieved.
A two year experiment was conducted to investigate the possibility of transplanting cotton plants of the cultivars Giza 86 and Giza 88 thinned from hills grown in the permanent field. The bare-root transplants (BRT) were thinned at the age of 30 days and transplants received three different foliar applications of macro- and micro-nutrients as compared to the direct seeded plants. The BRT method with five foliar applications of macronutrients and two foliar applications of micronutrients significantly improved survival rate of seedlings and surpassed the directly sown plants in seed-cotton yield and its components. Increase in yield was 11.4% for Giza 86 and 4.9% for Giza 88. No effects for transplanting on fiber properties were observed for the cultivar Giza 88. The BRT method with seven foliar applications was suggested as a practical and affordable method for cotton transplanting compared to potted-transplanting (PT). These results have positive implications on the utilization of plants that are usually wasted by the thinning process (about 60-70%) in the direct seed sowing method, especially in areas devoted for cultivars' seed multiplication. A second application of the BRT method is identical to the PT method but rather cheaper, where nurseries (as in rice transplanting) could be grown directly in the permanent field, allowing the preceding winter crops to reach maturity, while cotton nurseries are grown on the optimum sowing date during March. Thus the main goal of the transplanting process would be achieved, namely; 70% less amount of seeds would be required for sowing annually. This implies that demand on seeds produced by the government will decline by the same rate and thus more focus on seed quality and genetic purity, rather than seed mass production, could be achieved.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_5534_e8b19dd56310d9a21f23d4a5ed04d590.pdf
Potted-transplanting
Gossypium brabadense L
transplanting
fiber properties
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-01-30
39
January-March
56
64
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.5656
5656
Original Article
Agro-Morphological and Genetic Parameters of some Cowpea Genotypes
الصفات الزراعية المورفولوجية والثوابت الوراثية لبعض التراکيب الوراثية في لوبيا العلف
Shereen M. El-Nahrawy
1
Forage Crops Research Dept., Field Crops Res. Inst., ARC, Egypt
Success of most crop improvement programs depends mainly upon the existence of the genetic variability and the heritability of desirable traits in the material under selection. Magnitude and type of genetic variability are important for determining the selection criteria and breeding schemes to be used for improvement purposes. Three related experiments were conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Center during three successive summer seasons; 2013-2015 to evaluate 24 cowpea genotypes including the check variety (Balady) and to select the best ones considering the yield and yield components under the study. Data revealed that highly significant differences exist among the genotypes for most the studied traits The result, however, revealed The genotype (G12) had the highest values for total fresh (25.8 kg/plot) and dry yield (2.639 kg/plot). On the other hand, G5 showed the lowest value (10.6 k/plot) for total fresh yield. The genotype (G4) surpassed the other genotypes in both evaluated seasons; 2014 and 2015 for all the studied traits. This may indicate the possibility to carry out a selection program to improve and develop new cultivar. In addition, results showed considerable variation among the genotypes in broad sense heritability estimate (h2) in 2013 and was 60.9% and 99% for the stem diameter and fresh yield for second cut, respectively. On the other hand, the heritability estimates were 82.7% and 98.9% for number of branches and dry yield for the first cut; respectively, in 2014 and 83.1% and 99.3% for number of branches for first cut, and fresh yield for second cut; respectively, in 2015. The genetic relationship among genotypes based on agro-morphological analysis showed significant variation among the genotypes over all the traits under the study. High similarity between (G20) and (G21) in 2013 and a close relation between (G3) and (G4) in 2014 and 2015 had achieved. Similarity level ranged from 43.98% to 96.02% in the first season (2013) and from 19.55% to 83.39% in the second season (2014) and from 21.91% to 84.17% in the third season (2015).
Success of most crop improvement programs depends mainly upon the existence of the genetic variability and the heritability of desirable traits in the material under selection. Magnitude and type of genetic variability are important for determining the selection criteria and breeding schemes to be used for improvement purposes. Three related experiments were conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Center during three successive summer seasons; 2013-2015 to evaluate 24 cowpea genotypes including the check variety (Balady) and to select the best ones considering the yield and yield components under the study. Data revealed that highly significant differences exist among the genotypes for most the studied traits The result, however, revealed The genotype (G12) had the highest values for total fresh (25.8 kg/plot) and dry yield (2.639 kg/plot). On the other hand, G5 showed the lowest value (10.6 k/plot) for total fresh yield. The genotype (G4) surpassed the other genotypes in both evaluated seasons; 2014 and 2015 for all the studied traits. This may indicate the possibility to carry out a selection program to improve and develop new cultivar. In addition, results showed considerable variation among the genotypes in broad sense heritability estimate (h2) in 2013 and was 60.9% and 99% for the stem diameter and fresh yield for second cut, respectively. On the other hand, the heritability estimates were 82.7% and 98.9% for number of branches and dry yield for the first cut; respectively, in 2014 and 83.1% and 99.3% for number of branches for first cut, and fresh yield for second cut; respectively, in 2015. The genetic relationship among genotypes based on agro-morphological analysis showed significant variation among the genotypes over all the traits under the study. High similarity between (G20) and (G21) in 2013 and a close relation between (G3) and (G4) in 2014 and 2015 had achieved. Similarity level ranged from 43.98% to 96.02% in the first season (2013) and from 19.55% to 83.39% in the second season (2014) and from 21.91% to 84.17% in the third season (2015).
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_5656_e271e3edb4a7dd2de59ee3268e011475.pdf
Forage cowpea
cluster analysis
Heritability in broad sense
Phenotypic and Genotypic coefficients of variation Genetic advance as a percent of mean
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-03-30
39
January-March
65
73
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.5697
5697
Original Article
Effect of Electrokinetic Pollutant Removal on the Status of Some Macro and Micro Elements in Saline Soil
تاثير المعالجة الکهربية للملوثات على حالة بعض العناصر الکبرى والصغرى فى الارض الملحية
Ahmed M. Abou-Shady
aboushady@ymail.com
1
Doaa T. Eissa
2
Osama M. Abdelmottaleb
3
Rehab H. Hegab
4
Laboratory of Water & Soil Chemistry, Water Resources and Desert Soils Division, Desert Research Center, El-Matariya 11753, Cairo, Egypt.
Laboratory of Water & Soil Chemistry, Water Resources and Desert Soils Division, Desert Research Center, El-Matariya 11753, Cairo, Egypt.
Laboratory of Water & Soil Chemistry, Water Resources and Desert Soils Division, Desert Research Center, El-Matariya 11753, Cairo, Egypt.
Soil Fertility and Microbiology Department, Water Resources andDesert Soils Division, Desert Research Center, El-Matariya 11753, Cairo, Egypt
Soil electrokinetic remediation is an appropriate technique to remove pollutants from soils particularly in low permeability soil. Recently, a new variation of soil electrokinetic remediation (SEKR) known as perforated cathode pipe SEKR system (PCPSS) was investigated for heavy metals removal and land reclamation. The PCPSS was enhanced for the removal of heavy metals via introducing the vertical anode/perforated cathode pipe SEKR system (VA/PCPSS). In the present work, the behaviors of associated macro and micro elements were investigated during the removal of heavy metals from soil via either the PCPSS or the VA/PCPSS. The results indicated that, calcium (Ca2+) depleted from the top surface of soil specimen and accumulated close to the perforated cathode pipes when the PCPSS was applied. The depletion of Ca2+ was noticeably detected in the middle of specimen via installing the VA/PCPSS. The removed magnesium (Mg2+) was lower than Ca2+, and it tended to desorb from the soil layer around anode and re-absorbed again in the subsequent layer during the application of the PCPSS. This accumulation disappeared when the VA/PCPSS was applied. The removal of potassium (K+) was lower in the top layer of soil when the VA/PCPSS was installed that may increase its applicability during soil reclamation. Boron accumulated around anode in the PCPSS system. On the other hand the application of the VA/PCPSS shunned this behavior. Molybdenum (Mo) tended to osculate during the application of the PCPSS, however the application of the VA/PCPSS resulted in high removal rate of Mo at the end of anodes and around cathode pipes.
Soil electrokinetic remediation is an appropriate technique to remove pollutants from soils particularly in low permeability soil. Recently, a new variation of soil electrokinetic remediation (SEKR) known as perforated cathode pipe SEKR system (PCPSS) was investigated for heavy metals removal and land reclamation. The PCPSS was enhanced for the removal of heavy metals via introducing the vertical anode/perforated cathode pipe SEKR system (VA/PCPSS). In the present work, the behaviors of associated macro and micro elements were investigated during the removal of heavy metals from soil via either the PCPSS or the VA/PCPSS. The results indicated that, calcium (Ca2+) depleted from the top surface of soil specimen and accumulated close to the perforated cathode pipes when the PCPSS was applied. The depletion of Ca2+ was noticeably detected in the middle of specimen via installing the VA/PCPSS. The removed magnesium (Mg2+) was lower than Ca2+, and it tended to desorb from the soil layer around anode and re-absorbed again in the subsequent layer during the application of the PCPSS. This accumulation disappeared when the VA/PCPSS was applied. The removal of potassium (K+) was lower in the top layer of soil when the VA/PCPSS was installed that may increase its applicability during soil reclamation. Boron accumulated around anode in the PCPSS system. On the other hand the application of the VA/PCPSS shunned this behavior. Molybdenum (Mo) tended to osculate during the application of the PCPSS, however the application of the VA/PCPSS resulted in high removal rate of Mo at the end of anodes and around cathode pipes.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_5697_175203834486540ab73f8ca3a3263817.pdf
Electrokinetic remediation
PCPSS
VA/PCPSS
Macro elements
Micro elements
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-03-31
39
January-March
74
91
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.5753
5753
Original Article
Mg-Modified Sugarcane Bagasse Biochar for Dual Removal of Ammonium and Phosphate Ions from Aqueous Solutions
استخدام مخلفات عصر قصب السکر المعدلة بالمغنسيوم في الإزالة المزدوجة لأيونات الأمونيوم والفوسفات من المحاليل المائية
Maher E. Saleh
1
Ramzy M. R. Hedia
2
Soil & Water Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University
Soil & Water Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University
Utilization of agricultural wastes to generate cheap and efficient sorbents to remove contaminants from wastewaters is an up-to-date environmental challenge. In Egypt, sugarcane bagasse is yearly generated as a waste material in huge amounts. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of chemical modification on the properties of bagasse biochar generated from local sugarcane bagasse feedstock (SCBF) and assess its efficiency for removal of both ammonium and phosphate ions from artificial aqueous solutions. SCBB and Mg-SCBB biochars were produced through pyrolysis of raw SCBF and MgSO4 impregnated SCBF, respectively at 500 ◦C and under oxygen-limited condition. FTIR peaks analysis, DEM examination, and some physical and chemical properties revealed that new surface functional groups, meso- and micropores, larger surface area and higher CEC were developed in SCBB and Mg-SCBB compared to SCBF. SCBB and Mg-SCBB showed high affinity to ammonium adsorption from aqueous solutions comparable to Charcoal and Zeolite. Mg-SCBB was the only sorbent capable of removing phosphate from the aqueous. Ammonium and phosphate removal at 1:200 sorbent to solution ratio were higher than those at 1:500 for all sorbents. A slight ammonium volatilization occurred during the adsorption process due to high solution pH. Adsorption kinetics data were best fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation suggesting intraparticle diffusion controlled adsorption process. Ammonium adsorption isotherms were best fitted to Freundlich model. The calculated Freundlich intensity parameter (n) ranged from 0.478 to 0.894 indicating favorable adsorption of ammonium and phosphate by all sorbents. Mg-SCBB had an adsorption capacity of 2573.9 and 4002.2 mg kg-1 for ammonium and phosphate, respectively. The produced Mg-modified sugarcane bagasse biochar may represent a promising efficient and cheap sorbent for dual remediation of wastewaters contaminated with ammonium and phosphate ions.
Utilization of agricultural wastes to generate cheap and efficient sorbents to remove contaminants from wastewaters is an up-to-date environmental challenge. In Egypt, sugarcane bagasse is yearly generated as a waste material in huge amounts. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of chemical modification on the properties of bagasse biochar generated from local sugarcane bagasse feedstock (SCBF) and assess its efficiency for removal of both ammonium and phosphate ions from artificial aqueous solutions. SCBB and Mg-SCBB biochars were produced through pyrolysis of raw SCBF and MgSO4 impregnated SCBF, respectively at 500 ◦C and under oxygen-limited condition. FTIR peaks analysis, DEM examination, and some physical and chemical properties revealed that new surface functional groups, meso- and micropores, larger surface area and higher CEC were developed in SCBB and Mg-SCBB compared to SCBF. SCBB and Mg-SCBB showed high affinity to ammonium adsorption from aqueous solutions comparable to Charcoal and Zeolite. Mg-SCBB was the only sorbent capable of removing phosphate from the aqueous. Ammonium and phosphate removal at 1:200 sorbent to solution ratio were higher than those at 1:500 for all sorbents. A slight ammonium volatilization occurred during the adsorption process due to high solution pH. Adsorption kinetics data were best fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation suggesting intraparticle diffusion controlled adsorption process. Ammonium adsorption isotherms were best fitted to Freundlich model. The calculated Freundlich intensity parameter (n) ranged from 0.478 to 0.894 indicating favorable adsorption of ammonium and phosphate by all sorbents. Mg-SCBB had an adsorption capacity of 2573.9 and 4002.2 mg kg-1 for ammonium and phosphate, respectively. The produced Mg-modified sugarcane bagasse biochar may represent a promising efficient and cheap sorbent for dual remediation of wastewaters contaminated with ammonium and phosphate ions.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_5753_87b26e0035e864f5b7cb1b2474ae6170.pdf
Sugarcane bagasse
Mg-modified biochar
ammonium and phosphate removal
agricultural wastes
aqueous solutions
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-03-31
39
January-March
91
97
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.5754
5754
Original Article
Production of Drinking Milk Made with Anise Seed Extract
إنتاج مشروب اللبن المضاف إليه مستخلص اليانسون
Sahar A. Nasser
1
Mahmoud A. Rozan
2
Food & Dairy Science and Technology Department,Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Egypt.
Food & Dairy Science and Technology Department,Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Egypt.
Aqueous extract of aniseseeds (Pimpinella anisum L.) was added to drinking milk at a rate of 10, 20, 30 % (v/v).The antimicrobial, antioxidation and sensory evaluation of drinking milk samples have been evaluated. Results revealed that addition of 10, 20, 30 ml aqueous extract of anise seeds caused 104.13, 112.77, 120.42% increase in total phenolics content in drinking milk, respectively. The microbial growth was obstructed. It could be concluded that aqueous extract of anise seeds can be used up till 30 % (v/v) in the preparation of drinking milk with increased health benefits and acceptable sensory attributes.
Aqueous extract of aniseseeds (Pimpinella anisum L.) was added to drinking milk at a rate of 10, 20, 30 % (v/v).The antimicrobial, antioxidation and sensory evaluation of drinking milk samples have been evaluated. Results revealed that addition of 10, 20, 30 ml aqueous extract of anise seeds caused 104.13, 112.77, 120.42% increase in total phenolics content in drinking milk, respectively. The microbial growth was obstructed. It could be concluded that aqueous extract of anise seeds can be used up till 30 % (v/v) in the preparation of drinking milk with increased health benefits and acceptable sensory attributes.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_5754_cad0cf6a186d6158ccd9628cf2dc8496.pdf
Milk
anise
Antioxidant activity
antimicrobial activity
اللبن
اليانسون
تضاد الأکسدة
تضاد الميکروبات
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-03-31
39
January-March
98
111
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.5795
5795
Original Article
Availability and Transformations of Phosphorus in Calcareous Sandy Soil as Affected by Farmyard Manure and Elemental Sulfur Applications
صلاحية وتحولات الفوسفور في التربة الجيرية الرملية المتأثرة بإضافة السماد البلدى و الکبريت العنصر
Abu El-Eyuoon Abu Zied Amin
abueleyuoon@gmail.com
1
Assiut University, Soils and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut, Egypt, P.O. Box: 71526, e-mail: abueleyuoon.amin@aun.edu.eg, abueleyuoon@gmail.com, tel: 00201143784083
An incubation experiment was conducted to study the effects of farmyard manure (FYM) and elemental sulfur (S) on availability, fractionation and transformation of phosphorus in calcareous sandy soil. Soil samples were treated with FYM at levels: 0 (FYM0), 2.5 (FYM1), 5 (FYM2) and 7.5 (FYM3) g pot−1 and S at levels: 0 (S0), 0.1 (S1), 0.2 (S2) and 0.3 (S3) g pot−1. The soil was incubated for ten weeks under field capacity conditions. Additions of FYM caused significant increases in the amount of available P (Olsen−P) from 34.57 to 44.54 mg kg−1. The S with FYM application significantly increased Olsen−P of this soil at S1FYM1 from 42.95 to 52.70 mg kg−1. Significant reduction in Olsen−P was observed at S2 and S3 levels, but the addition of S at S1 level led to its insignificant increase. FYM application transformed HCl-Pi, NaOH II-Pi and residual P to NH4Cl-P, NaHCO3-Pi, NaHCO3-Po, NaOH I-Pi, NaOH I-Po and NaOH II-Po fractions. Application of S converted the NH4Cl-P, NaOH I-Pi and HCl-Pi fractions to NaHCO3-Pi, NaHCO3-Po, NaOH I-Po, NaOH II-Pi, NaOH II-Po and residual P fractions. It’s recommended adding FYM to calcareous sandy soils as well as adding S combined with FYM to improve the soil properties.
An incubation experiment was conducted to study the effects of farmyard manure (FYM) and elemental sulfur (S) on availability, fractionation and transformation of phosphorus in calcareous sandy soil. Soil samples were treated with FYM at levels: 0 (FYM0), 2.5 (FYM1), 5 (FYM2) and 7.5 (FYM3) g pot−1 and S at levels: 0 (S0), 0.1 (S1), 0.2 (S2) and 0.3 (S3) g pot−1. The soil was incubated for ten weeks under field capacity conditions. Additions of FYM caused significant increases in the amount of available P (Olsen−P) from 34.57 to 44.54 mg kg−1. The S with FYM application significantly increased Olsen−P of this soil at S1FYM1 from 42.95 to 52.70 mg kg−1. Significant reduction in Olsen−P was observed at S2 and S3 levels, but the addition of S at S1 level led to its insignificant increase. FYM application transformed HCl-Pi, NaOH II-Pi and residual P to NH4Cl-P, NaHCO3-Pi, NaHCO3-Po, NaOH I-Pi, NaOH I-Po and NaOH II-Po fractions. Application of S converted the NH4Cl-P, NaOH I-Pi and HCl-Pi fractions to NaHCO3-Pi, NaHCO3-Po, NaOH I-Po, NaOH II-Pi, NaOH II-Po and residual P fractions. It’s recommended adding FYM to calcareous sandy soils as well as adding S combined with FYM to improve the soil properties.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_5795_ba8207169c59a350ce3542d6ed067cd4.pdf
incubation
Labile-P
Olsen-P
Phosphorus fractions
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-03-31
39
January-March
112
123
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.5797
5797
Original Article
Assessment of Genetic Diversity in some Egyptian Cotton Varieties Based on Molecular and Technological Characteristics
تقييم التنوع الوراثي لبعض اصناف القطن المصرى اعتمادا على المعلمات الجزيئية والتکنولوجية
Walaa G. Mohamed
1
Ibrahim A.E. Ibrahim
2
Nader R. Abdelsalam
3
Agricultural Botany Dept., Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alex. Uni., Egypt
Plant Production Dept., Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alex. Uni., Egypt
Agricultural Botany Dept., Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alex. Uni., Egypt
Cotton is an economic plant of world importance. It's the world's leading textile fiber crop. The lack of genetic diversity is implicated in the successful breeding program depends on the slowing of progress in developing new cotton cultivars complete knowledge and understanding of the genetic with improved yield and quality potential, as well as diversity within and among genetic resources of the stress resistance. The present study was carried out at the Agricultural Botany Department and Department of Plant production Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Egypt. Five commercial varieties representing the two categories of Egyptian cotton were used, namely: Giza 92 and Giza 88 as extra-long staple length and Giza 86, Giza 95 and Giza 90 as long staple length. These studies were conducted during 2015 up to 2018. Fiber properties of the five cotton varieties under study were determined by the High-Volume Instrument (H.V.I.). Ten RAPD primer, were initially screened to determine the suitability of each primer for the study. Isozyme data proved 100% genetic similarity between the extra-long staple cotton, in the other hand 100% between the long staple cotton varieties, although, the cluster was divided by 62%. The results indicated that in all studied cotton varieties, 224 (71%) of the 312 fragments were polymorphic and 88 (29%) were monomorphic. From these data, we can provide that there are high genetic variations between the two-cotton type in Egypt and these found could be useful in breeding program in the future. Cotton productivity and the future of cotton breeding efforts tightly depend on the level of the genetic diversity of cotton gene pools and its effective exploitation in cotton breeding programs. Elucidating the details of genetic diversity is also very important to determine timeframe of cotton agronomy, develop a strategy for genetic gains in breeding, and conserve existing gene pools of cotton.
Cotton is an economic plant of world importance. It's the world's leading textile fiber crop. The lack of genetic diversity is implicated in the successful breeding program depends on the slowing of progress in developing new cotton cultivars complete knowledge and understanding of the genetic with improved yield and quality potential, as well as diversity within and among genetic resources of the stress resistance. The present study was carried out at the Agricultural Botany Department and Department of Plant production Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Egypt. Five commercial varieties representing the two categories of Egyptian cotton were used, namely: Giza 92 and Giza 88 as extra-long staple length and Giza 86, Giza 95 and Giza 90 as long staple length. These studies were conducted during 2015 up to 2018. Fiber properties of the five cotton varieties under study were determined by the High-Volume Instrument (H.V.I.). Ten RAPD primer, were initially screened to determine the suitability of each primer for the study. Isozyme data proved 100% genetic similarity between the extra-long staple cotton, in the other hand 100% between the long staple cotton varieties, although, the cluster was divided by 62%. The results indicated that in all studied cotton varieties, 224 (71%) of the 312 fragments were polymorphic and 88 (29%) were monomorphic. From these data, we can provide that there are high genetic variations between the two-cotton type in Egypt and these found could be useful in breeding program in the future. Cotton productivity and the future of cotton breeding efforts tightly depend on the level of the genetic diversity of cotton gene pools and its effective exploitation in cotton breeding programs. Elucidating the details of genetic diversity is also very important to determine timeframe of cotton agronomy, develop a strategy for genetic gains in breeding, and conserve existing gene pools of cotton.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_5797_8f1fd99fefd4cdcc57d8f182790580a2.pdf
Cotton
technology
biochemical
molecular markers
القطن. تقنية
البيوکيميائية. الواسمات الجزيئية
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-03-31
39
January-March
124
143
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.5819
5819
Original Article
Assessment of Environmental Pollution and its Impact on Water Resources, Soils and Crops in the Area Adjacent Bahr El-Bakr Drain, East-Delta, Egypt
تقييم التلوث البيئي وتأثيره على نوعيه مصادر المياه و الأراضي والمحاصيل بالمنطقة المتاخمة لمصرف بحر البقر- شرق الدلتا-مصر
Abdel-Hameed M. El-Aassar
1
Sherine M. shehata
2
Amal M. Omer
3
Reham K. I. Badawy
reee_2005@yahoo.com
4
Hydro-geochemistry, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
Soil Chemistry and Physics Department,Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
Soil Fertility and Microbiology Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt,
Environmental Pollution Unit, Plant Ecology and Range Management Department, Desert Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
Assessment of the environmental impact of the polluted water was studied along Bahr El-Bakr drain. Different samples of water, soil and the edible parts of vegetables, cereals and clover were collected from the study area. Chemical and/or microbiological analyses of these samples were achieved to examine water, soil and plant contamination. Chemical analysis of the collected water samples, that represented all irrigation water resources, showed that they range from fresh to brackish. For soluble heavy metals, there is no any inorganic pollutant in the collected water samples except one sample with high aluminum and iron concentrations,while using digestion method, high concentrations of most metals for all collected samples were recorded. On the other hand, high concentrations of organic pollutants included both TOC and COD were detected in most water samples. Microbiological investigation of the water samples revealed their highly contamination with fecal coliforms and pathogenic bacteria. All soil samples of the study area showed remarkable pollution with higher microbial contamination compared to that of irrigation water of the same place.The summary statistics results indicated that the most important heavy metals with regards to potential hazards in studied soils are Pb and Cd. Average contamination factor values for heavy metals have the order Cd > Co > Ni > Cr > Cu > Pb > Zn > Fe, suggesting that soil samples were extremely enriched with Cd, while Pb exhibit significant enrichment. Geoaccumulation index showed that the soils of Bahr El-Bakr were uncontaminated with Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co and Cr and moderately contaminated with Pb but Cd followed strongly/ extremely contaminated index. It was also observed an elevation in nitrate contents in the edible parts of the collected leafy vegetables. Heavy metal concentrations in leaves, cereal, fruits tubers of edible parts of plants and shoots of clover plants decreased in the order; Fe > Al > Zn > Cu > Mn >B >Ni >Cr > Pb >Ba >V >Mo >Co >Cd, with increase of toxic metals such as Al, Cr, Pb, Ni and Cd concentrations that were higher than the permissible limits.These results indicated that long term irrigation with waste water from Bahr El-Bakr drain had a negative impact on both chemical and microbiological quality of soil and plants in this region.
Assessment of the environmental impact of the polluted water was studied along Bahr El-Bakr drain. Different samples of water, soil and the edible parts of vegetables, cereals and clover were collected from the study area. Chemical and/or microbiological analyses of these samples were achieved to examine water, soil and plant contamination. Chemical analysis of the collected water samples, that represented all irrigation water resources, showed that they range from fresh to brackish. For soluble heavy metals, there is no any inorganic pollutant in the collected water samples except one sample with high aluminum and iron concentrations,while using digestion method, high concentrations of most metals for all collected samples were recorded. On the other hand, high concentrations of organic pollutants included both TOC and COD were detected in most water samples. Microbiological investigation of the water samples revealed their highly contamination with fecal coliforms and pathogenic bacteria. All soil samples of the study area showed remarkable pollution with higher microbial contamination compared to that of irrigation water of the same place.The summary statistics results indicated that the most important heavy metals with regards to potential hazards in studied soils are Pb and Cd. Average contamination factor values for heavy metals have the order Cd > Co > Ni > Cr > Cu > Pb > Zn > Fe, suggesting that soil samples were extremely enriched with Cd, while Pb exhibit significant enrichment. Geoaccumulation index showed that the soils of Bahr El-Bakr were uncontaminated with Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co and Cr and moderately contaminated with Pb but Cd followed strongly/ extremely contaminated index. It was also observed an elevation in nitrate contents in the edible parts of the collected leafy vegetables. Heavy metal concentrations in leaves, cereal, fruits tubers of edible parts of plants and shoots of clover plants decreased in the order; Fe > Al > Zn > Cu > Mn >B >Ni >Cr > Pb >Ba >V >Mo >Co >Cd, with increase of toxic metals such as Al, Cr, Pb, Ni and Cd concentrations that were higher than the permissible limits.These results indicated that long term irrigation with waste water from Bahr El-Bakr drain had a negative impact on both chemical and microbiological quality of soil and plants in this region.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_5819_c49dfe413a025da1c90adffc87de8e82.pdf
Bahr El-Bakr
Irrigation Water
Microbiological contamination
heavy metal
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-03-31
39
January-March
144
160
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.5820
5820
Original Article
Maximizing Land and Water Productivity by Intercropping Sunflower with Peanut under Sprinkler Irrigation
تعظيم إنتاجية الأرض والمياه بتحميل دوار الشمس مع الفول السودانى تحت الرى بالرش
Amira A. El-Mehy
1
Ahmed M. Taha
2
Ahmed M. M. Abd-Allah
3
Crops Intensification Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center; Giza; Egypt,
Water Requirement and Field Irrigation Department, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center; Giza; Egypt
Crops Intensification Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute,Agricultural Research Center; Giza; Egypt,
Effective intercropping pattern, use of highly efficient irrigation system and proper irrigation scheduling are one of the current challenges in agriculture sector for saving water, maximizing crop production and economic benefits. Thus, a two-year field experiment was conducted at Ismailia Research Station (30o 35' N latitude, 30o 26' E longitude, 20.0m above MSL), Egypt during the two growing seasons of 2016 and 2017 to study the effect of three irrigation treatments (1.2, 1.0 and 0.8 ETo calculated by the BIS model) and five peanut/sunflower intercropping patterns ((P1 = 100% peanut + 25 % sunflower), (P2 = 100% peanut + 33% sunflower), (P3 = 100% peanut + 50% sunflower), (P4 = sole peanut), and (P5 = sole sunflower)) on yield and its components of both crops, applied irrigation water, consumptive use, land and water productivity and net income. The experimental layout was designed in strip plot with three replicates. The results indicated that light intensity percentage significantly decreased with the 1.2 ETo treatment. The highest values of growth and yield of pod, seed and oil of peanut and sunflower were detected with the application of 1.2 ETo. Intercropping sunflower with peanut significantly reduced the yield of both crops in both seasons. However, intercropping sunflower at low density (P1) recorded the maximum values for yield and yield components of peanut, compared to the P2 and P3 treatments. The highest values of applied water (451 and 439mm) and consumptive use (403 and 415mm) were obtained in the first and second growing seasons, respectively when P3 (100% P + 50% S) was irrigated with 1.2 of ETo. Intercropping sunflower with peanut increased water use efficiency (kg/mm or cereal unit/mm) compared with sole crop. The average of water equivalent ratio was highest (1.255) produced with P3 under 1.0 ETo treatment, as average of both growing seasons. The maximum value of land equivalent ratio (1.569) and net income (L.E. 22589/ha) were recorded with P3 intercropping pattern irrigated with 1.2 of ETo treatment, on average basis of both growing seasons. Sunflower was the dominant component for the all intercropping systems, while peanut was the dominated crop. Thus, we recommend the implementation of P3 intercropping system, namely 100% peanut + 50% sunflower irrigated with 1.2 of ETo to increase land productivity in sandy soil under sprinkler irrigation or with 1.0 of ETo to save on the applied irrigation water, with yield lose were low. Under severe drought conditions, we recommended application of 0.8 ETo.
Effective intercropping pattern, use of highly efficient irrigation system and proper irrigation scheduling are one of the current challenges in agriculture sector for saving water, maximizing crop production and economic benefits. Thus, a two-year field experiment was conducted at Ismailia Research Station (30o 35' N latitude, 30o 26' E longitude, 20.0m above MSL), Egypt during the two growing seasons of 2016 and 2017 to study the effect of three irrigation treatments (1.2, 1.0 and 0.8 ETo calculated by the BIS model) and five peanut/sunflower intercropping patterns ((P1 = 100% peanut + 25 % sunflower), (P2 = 100% peanut + 33% sunflower), (P3 = 100% peanut + 50% sunflower), (P4 = sole peanut), and (P5 = sole sunflower)) on yield and its components of both crops, applied irrigation water, consumptive use, land and water productivity and net income. The experimental layout was designed in strip plot with three replicates. The results indicated that light intensity percentage significantly decreased with the 1.2 ETo treatment. The highest values of growth and yield of pod, seed and oil of peanut and sunflower were detected with the application of 1.2 ETo. Intercropping sunflower with peanut significantly reduced the yield of both crops in both seasons. However, intercropping sunflower at low density (P1) recorded the maximum values for yield and yield components of peanut, compared to the P2 and P3 treatments. The highest values of applied water (451 and 439mm) and consumptive use (403 and 415mm) were obtained in the first and second growing seasons, respectively when P3 (100% P + 50% S) was irrigated with 1.2 of ETo. Intercropping sunflower with peanut increased water use efficiency (kg/mm or cereal unit/mm) compared with sole crop. The average of water equivalent ratio was highest (1.255) produced with P3 under 1.0 ETo treatment, as average of both growing seasons. The maximum value of land equivalent ratio (1.569) and net income (L.E. 22589/ha) were recorded with P3 intercropping pattern irrigated with 1.2 of ETo treatment, on average basis of both growing seasons. Sunflower was the dominant component for the all intercropping systems, while peanut was the dominated crop. Thus, we recommend the implementation of P3 intercropping system, namely 100% peanut + 50% sunflower irrigated with 1.2 of ETo to increase land productivity in sandy soil under sprinkler irrigation or with 1.0 of ETo to save on the applied irrigation water, with yield lose were low. Under severe drought conditions, we recommended application of 0.8 ETo.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_5820_0f7719ac42d7ce62c91a6629942de357.pdf
Sprinkler irrigation
BIS model
water productivity
Intercropping patterns
Peanut
Sunflower. under water security where
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-03-30
39
January-March
161
167
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.5872
5872
Original Article
Isolation and Antifungal Activity of Plant Lectins against some Plant Pathogenic Fungi
عزل اللکتينات النباتية و فاعليتها ضد بعض الفطريات الممرضة للنبات
Soad F. E. Mohsen
1
Moustafa A. Abbassy
2
Entsar I. Rabea
3
Hamdy K. Abou-Taleb
4
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Sabahia, Alexandria, Egypt
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Sabahia, Alexandria, Egypt
Two lectins from seeds of white kidney bean (Phaseoulus vulgaries) andSoybean (Glycine max) were isolated and purified from saline crude extracts of seeds using ammonium sulfate precipitation. The two pure lectins were tested in vitro against two plant pathogenic fungi, Fusarium oxysporumand Rhizoctonia solani. Mycelial growth inhibition technique was performed in accordance with standard protocols to evaluate antifungal activity. Mycelial of both tested fungi were inhibited by the lectins extracts. Results revealed that, the lectin from Phaseoulus vulgaries (LP lectin) had a higher antifungal activity against F. oxysporum (EC50 = 5058, 4872 and 3617mg/L, after 48, 72 and 120 h, respectively). Inaddition, the antifungal activity of LP lectin against R. solani was higher than lectin from Glycine max (LG lectin) with EC50 values 6786, 6646 and 5465 mg/L after 48, 72 and 120 h, respectively.
Two lectins from seeds of white kidney bean (Phaseoulus vulgaries) andSoybean (Glycine max) were isolated and purified from saline crude extracts of seeds using ammonium sulfate precipitation. The two pure lectins were tested in vitro against two plant pathogenic fungi, Fusarium oxysporumand Rhizoctonia solani. Mycelial growth inhibition technique was performed in accordance with standard protocols to evaluate antifungal activity. Mycelial of both tested fungi were inhibited by the lectins extracts. Results revealed that, the lectin from Phaseoulus vulgaries (LP lectin) had a higher antifungal activity against F. oxysporum (EC50 = 5058, 4872 and 3617mg/L, after 48, 72 and 120 h, respectively). Inaddition, the antifungal activity of LP lectin against R. solani was higher than lectin from Glycine max (LG lectin) with EC50 values 6786, 6646 and 5465 mg/L after 48, 72 and 120 h, respectively.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_5872_c525f7aca82ffaae7017f1a061bd25d8.pdf
Lectin
Phaseolus vulgaris
Glycine max
antifungal activity
Fusarium oxysporum
Rhizoctonia solani
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-03-31
39
January-March
168
182
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.6097
6097
Original Article
Bio-Fertilization Effect on the Productivity and Biodiesel Quality of Castor Plant Oil under El-Salam Canal Irrigation Condition
تأثير التسميد الحيوي على إنتاجية وجودة الوقود الحيوي لزيت نبات الخروع تحت ظروف الرى بمياه ترعة السلام
Reham K. Badawy
1
Amal M. Omer
2
Doaa I. Othman
3
Environmental Pollution Unit, Department of Plant Ecology and Range Management, Desert Research Center (DRC), Cairo, Egypt.
Soil Microbiology Department., Desert Research Center (DRC), Egypt.
Petroleum Research Center
El-Salam canal as a marginal water can be utilized for the irrigation of non-traditional plants such as castor oil plant for biodiesel production .The article aim to maximize yield and oil content of castor plants for production of biodiesel using either biofertilizers or plant growth hormones. Two bacterial strains (Azotobacter chrococcum and Pseudomonas geniculata) of high potential to produce indole acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and two synthetic growth hormones (IAA or IBA) were used. A field experiment, conducted at Baloza Experimental Station, North Sinai which irrigated with El-Salam water, revealed that application of growth hormones (IAA and IBA) or biofertilizer (Azotobacter chrococcum or Pseudomonas geniculata) separately or as mixture had positive effect on all growth parameters of castor plants, nitrogen and phosphorus uptake and total microbial populations in their rhizosphere. The IBA and Azotobacter chrococcum followedby Pseudomonas geniculata recorded the highest plant length, inflorescence weight, plant dry weight, weight of 1000 seeds and oil content. The results revealed that the treated plants with foliar application or biofertilizer separately increased the contents of trace and heavy metals in shoot plants, the combined treatments recorded the highest significant values for most elements studied. At the same time, usage of IAA and IBA mixture and A.chrococcum showed a significant superiority of available heavy metal contents in the soil. It was observed that the viscosity of all castor oil samples at 250C was extremely higher than that of petroleum diesel, no remarkable variations in the viscosity of castor oil samples was recorded among treated or untreated castor plants. As esterification of three selected castor oil samples was performed, their viscosity reduced and so, biodiesel was produced. Characterization of three biodiesel samples revealed that only flash and cloud point conformed to the standard ranges, while viscosity, carbon residue and heat resistance exceeded the standards of biodiesel. It is recommended to blend the biodiesel obtained with other diesel to minimize the viscosity of fuel.
El-Salam canal as a marginal water can be utilized for the irrigation of non-traditional plants such as castor oil plant for biodiesel production .The article aim to maximize yield and oil content of castor plants for production of biodiesel using either biofertilizers or plant growth hormones. Two bacterial strains (Azotobacter chrococcum and Pseudomonas geniculata) of high potential to produce indole acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and two synthetic growth hormones (IAA or IBA) were used. A field experiment, conducted at Baloza Experimental Station, North Sinai which irrigated with El-Salam water, revealed that application of growth hormones (IAA and IBA) or biofertilizer (Azotobacter chrococcum or Pseudomonas geniculata) separately or as mixture had positive effect on all growth parameters of castor plants, nitrogen and phosphorus uptake and total microbial populations in their rhizosphere. The IBA and Azotobacter chrococcum followedby Pseudomonas geniculata recorded the highest plant length, inflorescence weight, plant dry weight, weight of 1000 seeds and oil content. The results revealed that the treated plants with foliar application or biofertilizer separately increased the contents of trace and heavy metals in shoot plants, the combined treatments recorded the highest significant values for most elements studied. At the same time, usage of IAA and IBA mixture and A.chrococcum showed a significant superiority of available heavy metal contents in the soil. It was observed that the viscosity of all castor oil samples at 250C was extremely higher than that of petroleum diesel, no remarkable variations in the viscosity of castor oil samples was recorded among treated or untreated castor plants. As esterification of three selected castor oil samples was performed, their viscosity reduced and so, biodiesel was produced. Characterization of three biodiesel samples revealed that only flash and cloud point conformed to the standard ranges, while viscosity, carbon residue and heat resistance exceeded the standards of biodiesel. It is recommended to blend the biodiesel obtained with other diesel to minimize the viscosity of fuel.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_6097_cf993886d7a552ee910e24b93e09acf9.pdf
El-Salam irrigation water
Castor plant
Biodiesel
biofertilizer
Azotobacter chrococcum
Pseudomonas geniculata
foliar application
Heavy metals
الأزوتوبکتر
البيوديزل
نبات الخروع
مياه الرى لترعة السلام
الرش الورقى
البسودومونس
العناصر الثقيلة
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-03-31
39
January-March
183
188
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.6119
6119
Original Article
Charcterization of Agronomic Traits and Grain Quality of Some Wheat Landraces
توصيف بعض صفات المحصول والجودة لبعض سلالات القمح
Amer M. Abdel Aziz
1
Samaa M. Abd El-Rasool
2
Genetic Resources Research Dept., Field Crops Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt.
Field Crop Research Department, Food Technology Research Institute ARC, Giza, Egypt.
This study was carried out at Nubaria Research Station Farm to evaluate of 12 wheat land races genotypes during two seasons 2014/15 and 2015/16. Analysis of variance was computed to measure genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation and broad sense heritability (h2) for yield and its components. Also, Chemical compositions of whole meal wheat genotypes were determined. Results indicated significant differences among wheat genotypes for all studied traits except spike length (cm) in the combined data. Results indicated that high values of genotypic (GCV) and phenotypic (PCV) coefficients of variation were obtained by grain yield (67.84 and 68.83), followed by number of spike/m2 (35.54 and 38.57), number of kernel/ spike (34.02 and 36.33) and 1000-kernel weight (26.50 and 29.35) respectively. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for most traits. Whole meal wheat genotype L1 contain the highest content of crud protein and ash which were (13.23 and 2.01 %) respectively. On the contrary, L1 had the lowest content (82.78%) of carbohydrates. In addition to, the L10 had the highest crud fat content compared with the other wheat genotypes.
This study was carried out at Nubaria Research Station Farm to evaluate of 12 wheat land races genotypes during two seasons 2014/15 and 2015/16. Analysis of variance was computed to measure genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation and broad sense heritability (h2) for yield and its components. Also, Chemical compositions of whole meal wheat genotypes were determined. Results indicated significant differences among wheat genotypes for all studied traits except spike length (cm) in the combined data. Results indicated that high values of genotypic (GCV) and phenotypic (PCV) coefficients of variation were obtained by grain yield (67.84 and 68.83), followed by number of spike/m2 (35.54 and 38.57), number of kernel/ spike (34.02 and 36.33) and 1000-kernel weight (26.50 and 29.35) respectively. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for most traits. Whole meal wheat genotype L1 contain the highest content of crud protein and ash which were (13.23 and 2.01 %) respectively. On the contrary, L1 had the lowest content (82.78%) of carbohydrates. In addition to, the L10 had the highest crud fat content compared with the other wheat genotypes.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_6119_effb131409008dac7dba93c3cb5ca311.pdf
Wheat
Triticum aestivum
Variance coefficient
heritability
genetic gain
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-01-01
39
January-March
1
15
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.127139
127139
Original Article
The Level of Knowledge of Fast Food among Student of Preparatory Year at King Saud University
المستوى المعـرفـي بالأطعمـة السريعـة لدى طلاب السنة التحضيرية بجامعة الملک سعود بمدينــة الرياض
Salah Alshaikh
1
Faisal AL Subaiee
2
Abdullah AL Zaidi
3
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Society, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Society, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Society, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University
This study aims to determine knowledge level of preparatory year students in King Saud University in Riyadh, that governs fast foods to identify the most appropriate extension ways to aware them of the effects of eating these kinds of foods and study the correlation relationship between the personal quality of the respondents as independent variable and their level of knowledge as dependent variable.
A questionnaire has been distributed among the students of the preparatory year in KingSaudUniversity. The total number of the population of the study is 2570 student. The size of the sample has been identified according to Stephen Thompson equation that showed when applied to the study population that the sample’s size is 372 students. The data was analyzed by using statistical package for social science (SPSS).
The research consists of five chapters. Chapter one is an introduction. Chapter two shows the literature review. Chapter three shows the methodology of the study. Chapter four shows the results of data analysis and the discussion of these results. Finally, chapter five includes the summary of the study, the findings, recommendations, bibliography and appendix.
1-Preparatory year students proprieties:
The findings show that the majority of respondents come from large families ( 6 members and more ) this represent 70.9 % of the sample. 92.2 % of them are Saudi, and it indicates that most of the parents are high educated, 65.6 % of the fathers are university graduates while 48.1% of mothers are university graduates. As it evidenced by the results, 95.7% of the fat hers are employees or retirees, while the percentage drops to 36.8% among mothers. The data also indicates that 50% of the respondents families have a house made. The results also showed that
the monthly income of 75.8 % of the respondents families is 10000 SR or more while 24.2% of the respondents families monthly income is less than 10000 SR. The results turned out that 36.6% the students live in the north of Riyadh, while 29% live in the east of Riyadh and the rest distributed between the south and the west of Riyadh.
Lunch is the main meal for most for about 69.7% of the students. Most of the student mainly depend on the university monthly grant for about 90.8% of them. The result shows that about 81.5% of the respondents practice sport. The results shows that 54.9% of the respondents eat fast food constantly while those who eat fast foods some times are about 43.8%, and those who don’t eat fast foods are about1.3%. The results indicated that 46.6% of the respondents consume 6 to 9 meals per week, which is consider very high rate of consuming. 26.7 % eat 6 or less meals a week while 14.7% eat less than 3 meals a week. The results showed that 59.1% of the respondents prefer eating fast food with friends while 26.7% eat it with families.
2- The preparatory year students’ knowledge level of fast food:
The observations that carried out by the results of the study showed that the respondents have high cognitive level with the affects of fast food, this has been represented in the average which respectively score 2.57 degrees and Standard deviation score 0.295 in the triple scale, (3=yes, 2= don’t know and 1= No) degrees this shows that most of the sample knew the characteristics and effects of junk food.
The results indicated that the samples to some extent do not know in details the components of these foods and their raw materials.
3- Identifying ways and means of extension that consider more suitable in rising the awareness of students with fast food:
The results showed that an average degree of the student agree with the idea of identifying certain ways of extension reach 3 to 2.6 while those who prefer methods like families scored a degree between 3 to 2,75and those who prefer ways like social media and mobile messages score a degree of 1.
Recommendations:
1- Planning and implementation of a comprehensive and specialized outreach programs to increase the level of knowledge of the components and characteristics of fast foods for the students of the preparatory year with a focus on areas in which the results of the study indicated the presence of a knowledge level is low, such as: useful food, high salt in fast foods, and the use of oils lower quality in restaurants, low nutritional value in them..
2-Use the ways and means that indicate what the preparatory year students favored by the results of the study, a family, you tube video, and Internet sites, and Twitter, TV programs, to Increase their knowledge of fast food.
3- Study the reasons behind the gap between the level of knowledge of fast food and the behavior of students associated with eating it when it.
This study aims to determine knowledge level of preparatory year students in King Saud University in Riyadh, that governs fast foods to identify the most appropriate extension ways to aware them of the effects of eating these kinds of foods and study the correlation relationship between the personal quality of the respondents as independent variable and their level of knowledge as dependent variable.
A questionnaire has been distributed among the students of the preparatory year in KingSaudUniversity. The total number of the population of the study is 2570 student. The size of the sample has been identified according to Stephen Thompson equation that showed when applied to the study population that the sample’s size is 372 students. The data was analyzed by using statistical package for social science (SPSS).
The research consists of five chapters. Chapter one is an introduction. Chapter two shows the literature review. Chapter three shows the methodology of the study. Chapter four shows the results of data analysis and the discussion of these results. Finally, chapter five includes the summary of the study, the findings, recommendations, bibliography and appendix.
1-Preparatory year students proprieties:
The findings show that the majority of respondents come from large families ( 6 members and more ) this represent 70.9 % of the sample. 92.2 % of them are Saudi, and it indicates that most of the parents are high educated, 65.6 % of the fathers are university graduates while 48.1% of mothers are university graduates. As it evidenced by the results, 95.7% of the fat hers are employees or retirees, while the percentage drops to 36.8% among mothers. The data also indicates that 50% of the respondents families have a house made. The results also showed that
the monthly income of 75.8 % of the respondents families is 10000 SR or more while 24.2% of the respondents families monthly income is less than 10000 SR. The results turned out that 36.6% the students live in the north of Riyadh, while 29% live in the east of Riyadh and the rest distributed between the south and the west of Riyadh.
Lunch is the main meal for most for about 69.7% of the students. Most of the student mainly depend on the university monthly grant for about 90.8% of them. The result shows that about 81.5% of the respondents practice sport. The results shows that 54.9% of the respondents eat fast food constantly while those who eat fast foods some times are about 43.8%, and those who don’t eat fast foods are about1.3%. The results indicated that 46.6% of the respondents consume 6 to 9 meals per week, which is consider very high rate of consuming. 26.7 % eat 6 or less meals a week while 14.7% eat less than 3 meals a week. The results showed that 59.1% of the respondents prefer eating fast food with friends while 26.7% eat it with families.
2- The preparatory year students’ knowledge level of fast food:
The observations that carried out by the results of the study showed that the respondents have high cognitive level with the affects of fast food, this has been represented in the average which respectively score 2.57 degrees and Standard deviation score 0.295 in the triple scale, (3=yes, 2= don’t know and 1= No) degrees this shows that most of the sample knew the characteristics and effects of junk food.
The results indicated that the samples to some extent do not know in details the components of these foods and their raw materials.
3- Identifying ways and means of extension that consider more suitable in rising the awareness of students with fast food:
The results showed that an average degree of the student agree with the idea of identifying certain ways of extension reach 3 to 2.6 while those who prefer methods like families scored a degree between 3 to 2,75and those who prefer ways like social media and mobile messages score a degree of 1.
Recommendations:
1- Planning and implementation of a comprehensive and specialized outreach programs to increase the level of knowledge of the components and characteristics of fast foods for the students of the preparatory year with a focus on areas in which the results of the study indicated the presence of a knowledge level is low, such as: useful food, high salt in fast foods, and the use of oils lower quality in restaurants, low nutritional value in them..
2-Use the ways and means that indicate what the preparatory year students favored by the results of the study, a family, you tube video, and Internet sites, and Twitter, TV programs, to Increase their knowledge of fast food.
3- Study the reasons behind the gap between the level of knowledge of fast food and the behavior of students associated with eating it when it.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_127139_9666bd978f09a249bf88a46ab283b25e.pdf
الأطعمة السريعة
السنة التحضيرية
وسائل إرشادية
المستوى المعرفي. جامعة الملک سعود
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-01-01
39
January-March
16
29
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.127140
127140
Original Article
Customs Tariff and Its Impact on the Frozen Red Meat Market in Egypt
التعريفة الجمرکية وتأثيرها على سوق اللحوم الحمراء المجمدة في مصر
Ahmed AbouElyazid El-Rasoul
1
Metwally Salah Metwally
2
Abdullatif A. El-Kak
3
Mohamed Emad A. Nasser
4
Mohammed Ali Kharoub
5
Department of Economics and Agricultural Business Administration - Faculty of Agriculture - University of Alexandria
Department of Economics and Agricultural Business Administration - Faculty of Agriculture - University of Alexandria
Department of Economics and Agricultural Business Administration - Faculty of Agriculture - University of Alexandria
Department of Animal Production and Fisheries - College of Agriculture - University of Alexandria
Department of Economics and Agricultural Business Administration - Faculty of Agriculture - University of Alexandria
The agricultural sector is considered as a generator of national income and a provider of economic development. And is an important supporter of the industrial sector, which provides it with a lot of production inputs, raw materials and labor necessary for the operation of the industrial process. Livestock production is an important agricultural production activity in the Egyptian agricultural sector. Foreign trade is the main pillar on which the economic development of any country. Customs policy is an essential part of the country's foreign fiscal policy, and tariff is the most important instrument of fiscal and customs policy. It is the most important decision-maker in the country where foreign trade literature is known as the foreign policy strategy of trade policy strategy to achieve national economic goals.
The research objectives were:
• Studying the evolution and changes in the customs tariff during the study period, and the impact on the frozen meat market in Egypt during the period 1995-2015.
• Determining the relationship between tariff and frozen red meat prices in the local market.
The current situation of production, consumption and the gap of red meat in Egypt during the period 1995 to 2015 was addressed. The reasons behind the selection of frozen red meat are 99% of the total imported red meat, as well as the absence of accurate data on imports of live livestock. The study used a variety of tools and methods of statistical analysis and econometrics, which involves time series analysis, using the unit root test to ensure that all the variables under study are stationary, and to determine the extent of a common integration to identify the possibility of long-term integration or balance relationships between the variables studied and the Granger's causality test to Causality between the variables, determining the direction of the relation between the variables and determining the extent of the feedback relationship or a reciprocal relationship between the variables studied.
The most important results of the study are:
there are large fluctuations in the total value of imports of red meat in current values, the annual growth rate of the consumer price of frozen red meat rose in the second period from the first period of the study either in current values or in real values, The annual rate of change in the quantity of frozen red meat imports in Egypt was about twice the annual rate of change of red meat production in local Egypt, and there was no improvement in the Egypt's average red meat per capita.
The customs tariff on imports of frozen red meat, domestic production of red meat, the consumer price of frozen red meat In real terms, the annual population growth rate, the consumer price of fish at current values has a statistically significant effect on the amount of frozen red meat imports.
The agricultural sector is considered as a generator of national income and a provider of economic development. And is an important supporter of the industrial sector, which provides it with a lot of production inputs, raw materials and labor necessary for the operation of the industrial process. Livestock production is an important agricultural production activity in the Egyptian agricultural sector. Foreign trade is the main pillar on which the economic development of any country. Customs policy is an essential part of the country's foreign fiscal policy, and tariff is the most important instrument of fiscal and customs policy. It is the most important decision-maker in the country where foreign trade literature is known as the foreign policy strategy of trade policy strategy to achieve national economic goals.
The research objectives were:
• Studying the evolution and changes in the customs tariff during the study period, and the impact on the frozen meat market in Egypt during the period 1995-2015.
• Determining the relationship between tariff and frozen red meat prices in the local market.
The current situation of production, consumption and the gap of red meat in Egypt during the period 1995 to 2015 was addressed. The reasons behind the selection of frozen red meat are 99% of the total imported red meat, as well as the absence of accurate data on imports of live livestock. The study used a variety of tools and methods of statistical analysis and econometrics, which involves time series analysis, using the unit root test to ensure that all the variables under study are stationary, and to determine the extent of a common integration to identify the possibility of long-term integration or balance relationships between the variables studied and the Granger's causality test to Causality between the variables, determining the direction of the relation between the variables and determining the extent of the feedback relationship or a reciprocal relationship between the variables studied.
The most important results of the study are:
there are large fluctuations in the total value of imports of red meat in current values, the annual growth rate of the consumer price of frozen red meat rose in the second period from the first period of the study either in current values or in real values, The annual rate of change in the quantity of frozen red meat imports in Egypt was about twice the annual rate of change of red meat production in local Egypt, and there was no improvement in the Egypt's average red meat per capita.
The customs tariff on imports of frozen red meat, domestic production of red meat, the consumer price of frozen red meat In real terms, the annual population growth rate, the consumer price of fish at current values has a statistically significant effect on the amount of frozen red meat imports.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_127140_432f78fd68ec95b4caab7e6250fd4e0e.pdf
التعريفة الجمرکية
الواردات من اللحوم الحمراء المجمدة
الانتاج الحيواني
eng
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
1110-0176
2536-9784
2018-01-01
39
January-March
30
46
10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2018.127141
127141
Original Article
Economic Analysis of Price Fluctuations of the Most Important Food Commodities in Egypt
تحليل اقتصادي للتقلبات السعرية لأهم السلع الغذائية في مصر
Ahmed AbouElyazid El-Rasoul
1
Ahmed Abd El-Aziz Tolba
2
Mohamed Mohamed H. El-Mahy
3
Aon Khair Allah Aon
4
Department of Economics and Agricultural Business Administration - Faculty of Agriculture - University of Alexandria
Department of Economics and Agricultural Business Administration - Faculty of Agriculture - University of Alexandria
Department of Economics and Agricultural Business Administration - Faculty of Agriculture - University of Alexandria
Department of Economics and Agricultural Business Administration - Faculty of Agriculture - University of Alexandria
The study aims to measure the volatility of the prices of basic food commodities in Egypt and to identify the factors that affect them. The study aims at determining the main macroeconomic variables affecting the fluctuations in the prices of food commodities, (N = 84). The study was conducted on 8 food commodities: wheat, rice, potatoes, oranges, red meat, poultry meat, sugar, edible oil, It was estimated Simple and multiple regression equations with the relevant statistical tests, the most important of which are: R2, F, and t. The growth rates for all the variables studied were estimated using the Exponential Function model. The research used a non-parameterized method based on the use of moving averages, the X-12 ARIMA method. The relationship between the exchange rate and commodity prices was also analyzed between inflation and commodity prices Studied using the simple regression model.
The most important results of the study are:
• The study of the evolution of both the wholesale price and the retail price of the commodities studied in current values indicates that they tended to increase at a statistically significant annual growth rate. The volatility coefficient for wholesale and retail prices in real terms was 28.86%, 22.50% for wheat and 24.26% For both wholesale and retail price of rice. And about 3712%, 38.78% for both wholesale and retail price of potatoes, about 24.28%, 28.30% for wholesale and retail price of orange, about 17.30%, 18.52% for both wholesale and retail price of red meat. And about 22.83%, 26.84% for both wholesale and retail price of poultry meat. And about 23.38%, 22.47% for both wholesale and retail price of sugar. And about 85.12%, 54.56% for both wholesale and retail price of edible oil.
• A correlation was found between the exchange rate and the inflation rate in the real prices of food commodities studied during the study period.
• The results of the estimation of the relationship between the wholesale and retail price levels of the commodities in question indicated that the correlation coefficients and the identification coefficients were close to the correct one for most of the commodities studied. This means that there is a strong correlation between the price levels on the one hand and that the changes in each price level explain the changes in the level The other price, ie, is responsible for the occurrence of these changes, and the significance of these functions at the level of 0.01%.
• Estimated seasonal variations of wholesale and retail prices using the ARIMA X-12 method. In general, it is possible to say that there is some correlation between the seasonality of wholesale prices and the retail prices of the commodities studied.
The study aims to measure the volatility of the prices of basic food commodities in Egypt and to identify the factors that affect them. The study aims at determining the main macroeconomic variables affecting the fluctuations in the prices of food commodities, (N = 84). The study was conducted on 8 food commodities: wheat, rice, potatoes, oranges, red meat, poultry meat, sugar, edible oil, It was estimated Simple and multiple regression equations with the relevant statistical tests, the most important of which are: R2, F, and t. The growth rates for all the variables studied were estimated using the Exponential Function model. The research used a non-parameterized method based on the use of moving averages, the X-12 ARIMA method. The relationship between the exchange rate and commodity prices was also analyzed between inflation and commodity prices Studied using the simple regression model.
The most important results of the study are:
• The study of the evolution of both the wholesale price and the retail price of the commodities studied in current values indicates that they tended to increase at a statistically significant annual growth rate. The volatility coefficient for wholesale and retail prices in real terms was 28.86%, 22.50% for wheat and 24.26% For both wholesale and retail price of rice. And about 3712%, 38.78% for both wholesale and retail price of potatoes, about 24.28%, 28.30% for wholesale and retail price of orange, about 17.30%, 18.52% for both wholesale and retail price of red meat. And about 22.83%, 26.84% for both wholesale and retail price of poultry meat. And about 23.38%, 22.47% for both wholesale and retail price of sugar. And about 85.12%, 54.56% for both wholesale and retail price of edible oil.
• A correlation was found between the exchange rate and the inflation rate in the real prices of food commodities studied during the study period.
• The results of the estimation of the relationship between the wholesale and retail price levels of the commodities in question indicated that the correlation coefficients and the identification coefficients were close to the correct one for most of the commodities studied. This means that there is a strong correlation between the price levels on the one hand and that the changes in each price level explain the changes in the level The other price, ie, is responsible for the occurrence of these changes, and the significance of these functions at the level of 0.01%.
• Estimated seasonal variations of wholesale and retail prices using the ARIMA X-12 method. In general, it is possible to say that there is some correlation between the seasonality of wholesale prices and the retail prices of the commodities studied.
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_127141_7b36b001d8bb168b1427f446f241d45f.pdf
تقلبات الاسعار الزراعية
دليل التغيرات الموسمية للاسعار
العلاقات السعرية للسلع الزراعية