Heavy Metals in Some Egyptian Foods
Samia
EL-Safy.F
Food Science and Technology Dept., Faculty of Home Economics
Tanta, Al-Azhar Univ.,Egypt
author
Samiha
M.El-Sayed
Food Science and Technology Dept., Faculty of Home Economics
Tanta, Al-Azhar Univ.,Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
Environmental pollution is one of the major problems which create health hazard to human and animals. Heavy metals are one of the most important reasons of this pollution. The objective of the present study was to determine concentration levels of some heavy metals namely nickel, cobalt, zinc, copper, cadmium, lead, chromium and iron in some Egyptian foods. The obtained results showed that most of Egyptian foods available in the local market had a higher concentrations of heavy metals in comparison with the FAO (1983), WHO (2000) and FDA (2001)
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
1110-0176
29
v.
January-March
no.
2008
1
15
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3177_1a8e008331fa04a21e235d7125624d86.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2008.3177
Bicontrol of R. Solani AG - 4 with Piperitone Product from Cymbopogon Proximus and Comparison with Bicontrol Agents (Trichoderma Spp)
Molan
Y.Y.
Department of Plant Protection- College of Food Science and
Agriculture-King Saud University P.O. Box 2460 Riyadh 11451
author
Kamel
A
Department of Plant Protection- College of Food Science and
Agriculture-King Saud University P.O. Box 2460 Riyadh 11451
author
El-Hussieni
S.
Department of Plant Protection- College of Food Science and
Agriculture-King Saud University P.O. Box 2460 Riyadh 11451
author
text
article
2008
eng
In vitro antagonism experiments were carried out to study the ability of five biocontrol agents (:Trichoderma harzianum, T. asperellum, T. hamatum, T. virenes and T. viride) and fourteen plant extracts for their effects on the growth of mycelia of R. solani AG-4. T. harzianum was recorded the maximum inhibitor of mycelial growth followed by T. asperellum with average of the inhibition growth 56.82 % and 54.48 %, respectively. Results showed also that significant antifungal activity was detected for the extracts of Cymbopogon proximus, and Ruta chalepensis.. These extracts were effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of R. solani AG -4, (at amount/disc, 4 mg) with an average of 22.59and 21.48 respectively. Comparison studies of the inhibitory effects of piperitone, biocontrol agents and fungicide (Rizolex) on DSI, length (cm), fresh and dry weight (gm) of bean plants were also recoded. Treatments of piperitone in the presence of R. solani Ag-4 showed the best control of dry root rot and stem bean disease there are also reduction effect in disease severity with average 1.00,compared with inoculated bean plants with R. solani AG-4 alone with average 3.65. R. solani AG-4. In the presence of T. asperellumor T. harzianum or Fungicide (Rizolex) were also recorded reduction in disease severity with average of 2.41 and 1.66, 1.91, respectively.
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
1110-0176
29
v.
January-March
no.
2008
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25
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3178_feedca7770c31df594df45c4aa31b6cc.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2008.3178
Biochemical Studies of Na+,K+-ATP ase and Acetylcholinesterase Sensitivity to Phenothrin and Thiodicarb Among Different Egyptian Field Populations of Spodoptera littoralis
Ismail
Seham M
Center Laboratory of Pesticides, Sabahia, Alexandria, A.R.C.
author
text
article
2008
eng
Enzymatic activity of Na +,K+ - ATPase and AChE of cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis collected from different four Egyptian field populations ranged from heavily- sprayed fields and cultivated fields were investigated and compared with a laboratory susceptible population. The highest levels of Na +,K+ - ATPase and AChE activities were found in Alexandria Governorate Egypt. The moderate leveals was found in El -Boheira Governorate, Egypt. Na + ,K+ - ATPase and AChE and were isolated from brain of S. littoralis larvae (4th instar). The sensitivity of Na +,K+ - ATPase and AChE activity to Phenothrin and Thiodicarb respectively were measured by the I50 values. The I50 values of Phenothrin on the Na +,K+ - ATPase activity were 0.01, 0.20, 0.36, 0.61 and 0.82μM for lab strain; Borg El- Arab; Abeis; Damanhour and Abou El- Matamir respectively. The I50 of Thiodicarb on AChE activity were 0.22, 0.43, 0.54, 0.71 and 0.96μM for lab strain and four field strains respectively. The inhibition constant (Ki) values were determined for Na+,K+ - ATPase and AChE inhibitors. Values of Ki in the case of Phenothrin were 5, 18, 20, 30 and 45μM for lab strain; Borg El-Arab; Abeis; Damanhour and Abou El-Matamir respectively on Na+,K+ - ATPase activity. Similarly, Thiodicarb were 20, 28, 30, 40 and 50μM for lab strain and four field strains respectively on AChE activity. The results of the present study may add some forward steps to uses this enzymes indicate of effect this insecticides under study, in the IPM programs of the cotton leafworm.
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
1110-0176
29
v.
January-March
no.
2008
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https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3179_97b6d343c04f110439fdc54993e2a79c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2008.3179
Influence of Certain Insecticide Regimens Against Bollworms in Cotton Fields in Egypt
Ahmed
F. El-Aswad
Pesticide Chemistry Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria
University
author
Hamdy
K. Abou-Taleb
Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Bacous, Sabahia,
Alexandria, Egypt.
author
text
article
2008
eng
Comparative studies were carried out in five regimens to find out the best solution for cotton bollworm problems during cotton seasons of 2006 and 2007. These regimens were (1) of chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin and deltamethrin. (2) of carbosulfan, spinosad, chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin. (3) of carbosulfan, carbosulfan, deltamethrin and deltamethrin. (4) of deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin and carbosulfan. (5) of spinosad, chlorpyrifos, spinosad and carbosulfan. The sequence No. 5 achieved high efficacy against Pectinophora gossypiella which gave the reduction percentage of 87.6 and 88.1 while, the sequence No. 4 achieved superior efficacy against Earias insulana which gave 89.3 and 92.5 reduction of infestation throughout season 2006 and 2007, respectively. The statistical analysis decleared that regimen 4 and 5 were comparable, meanwhile they were significantly better than regimens 1, 2 and 3. The highest effective regimens 4 and 5 (gave about 87% infestation reduction) were started and mediated with pyrethroid compound (deltamethrin) and bioinsecticide (spinosad), respectively. The repetition of the same insecticide twice in a regimen might increase, decrease or has no effect on the insecticide efficiency against cotton bollworms.
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
1110-0176
29
v.
January-March
no.
2008
34
44
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_3180_83869d3d7d2b3da8717103ff1e4e1b9f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2008.3180
Some Wrong Agricultural Practices Followed by Field Crops Farmers Causing Land Deterioration in Some Villages in El- Beheira Governorate
Gamil
Mohamed Sharf El-Din
author
text
article
2008
eng
This research aims to identify respondents' practices causing land deterioration level, determine the differences. Between Meniat Atteia, Bahary El-Fransawia, and Abohwach villages concerning farmers' practices causing land deterioration, determine the relationship between degree of respondents' practices causing land deterioration as dependent variable and each of the studied independent variables, determine the contribution of these independent variables in interpreting variation in the dependent variable, the research is also included exploring land conservation restricts from respondents point of view.
The research was conducted in Meniat Atteia village Damanhur district, Bahary El-Fransawia village Mahmoudia district and Abohwach village, Abohommos district within El-Beheira governorate. The sample size is 200 respondents representing 5% selected randomly of farmers population in the three villages according to Kreijeci & Morgan equation, 66 respondents of Meniat Atteia village, 63 respondents of Bahary El Fransawia village, and 71 respondents of Abohawash village. Data were collected using pretested personal interview questionnaire during November / December 2007. To present and analyze data statistecaly means, standard deviation, frequencies, percentages, A.N.O.V.A., L.S.D., test Simple Correlation and multiple regression analysis (stepwise) were utilized.
The main results of this research are:
20.5%&67% of the respondents' their practices level concerning land deterioration are high and moderate so their practices are wrong and semi wrong respectively , 86%, 87%, 66.5% of the respondents used to misuse azote fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and pesticides respectively on cotton crop. 79%, 62% of the respondents used to misuse phosphate fertilizer and azote Fertilizer respectively on Rice crop.
68.5% of the respondents used to misuse phosphate fertilizer on wheat crop.
93% of the respondents used to clean spray tools in water canals, and 38% of the respondents used to irrigate lands with drainage water.
56.5% , 54.5% & 43.5% of the respondents used to use cotton, rice and maize straw in food cooking process respectively, and 19.5% , 16.5% , & 12.5% of the respondents used to burn it in field respectively rather than turning it to compost.
76%, 59%& 32.5% of the respondents used to grow clover, rice and wheat crops respectively in the same space two consecutive seasons.
According to A.N.O.V.A. analysis there are significant differences at 0.01 levels. Between the 3 studied villages Meniat Attia Bahary EL-Fransawia and Abohwach in respondents Practices degree causing land deterioration, from L.S.D.test means respondents practices degree causing land deterioration in Abohwach and Meniat Attia are more than it in Bahary EL-François.
There are significant negative relationship between the degree of respondents Practices causing land deterioration as dependent variable and both of the following independent variables: land location from irrigation canal, and degree of education at 0.01 &0.05 respectively, There is significant positive relationship between the degree of respondents practices causing land deterioration as dependent variable and degree of emeritus of agricultural work. Land location from irrigation canal and degree of emeritus of agricultural work interpret 8% of the total variance in the dependent variable. The most important restricts facing respondents and prevent land conservation are: lacking of irrigation water, getting red of house waste compost in canals and ditches, problems in under soil drainage system ,getting red of sewage in irrigation canals ,there is no profit of irrigation improvement project which had executed in Abohwash village where it did not pring valid water, and lack of agricultural gypsum.
Some recommendations were suggested to stop land deterioration in the studied villages
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
1110-0176
29
v.
January-March
no.
2008
1
16
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158594_bacc8222eaec551fa67238a17ba746ec.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2008.158594
Studing the Traditional Outdoor Clothes of Kurds
Sadiah
Hasan Ammar
author
Sania
khmes Sobhie
author
text
article
2008
eng
Traditional costumes are considered one of the elements and characters from which we can identify civilization and culture of people. These are different from one country to another according to the climate and the geographic position which particularly affects those costumes. We can notice this clearly in Iraq where traditional costumes are different from one region to another according to the different believes and races in addition to its differences in each region, as in the northern region of Iraq where there is many Kurds who are found in the north and south. As the traditional costumes are considered part of the cultural and material heritage, we should keep and study them and identify the national and human style. The importance of the study appears in increasing appreciation of the importance of the northern Iraqi region (Kurds) as one of the main regions in Iraq, and the importance of keeping the heritage of that region from vanishing.
The study aimed to identify the outdoor traditional costumes for Kurds men and women, describing them, and identifying their names and terms. The study aimed to identify the Kurdish costumes for both men and women in order to document one of the aspects of traditional material arts (costumes) which may vanish with the rapid development in the society of the study as a result of the economic, social, and political developments which occur in the region lately.
The results of the study were as follows:-
- The study revealed clear resemblance of the traditional costumes in the region of the study, between Urban and Bedouins in the North of Iraq.
- Kurds are affected by the Turkish and Iranian language and costumes because of the neighborhood.
- Kurds grasp with their traditions, habits and costumes. This appears clearly in men and women wearing their traditional costumes.
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
1110-0176
29
v.
January-March
no.
2008
17
29
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158595_e9e31f435f0a7457eea4b6a84abee4e0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2008.158595
Studying of Clothing Preference for Elderly and Non-Elderly Women
Fatma
Salem
author
text
article
2008
eng
The purpose of this study was to compare the preferences and evaluation of ready-to- wear garments for elderly and non-elderly women living in Sharkia Governorate. The participants were 50 females 60 years of age and older, a contrast group of 50 females 45-59 years of age. The data recorded by interview and questionnaire.
The finding showed that the respondents were Endomorph bodies. They were abdominal extension
biggest, bust lowest and kyphosis hump back. Results indicated that the majority of the respondents' body measurements were various of standards for Egyptian women body measurements. They preferred Blouses, Skirts, Jackets, Dresses and Abayat. The finding showed that the apparel categories of Blouses, Skirts and Jackets evaluated as acceptance. The Dresses, Trousers, Suits and Insambles evaluated as rejection. While the Abayat evaluated as a good apparel category.
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
1110-0176
29
v.
January-March
no.
2008
30
42
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158596_923f9f3ffb92cc860345cd5b91f5597f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2008.158596
Biological Evaluation of Infants Food Prepared from Cereals and Their Effects on Hematological Properties of Blood
El-Dosoki
S.T
author
El-Zalaki
S.S
author
text
article
2008
eng
Good nutrition is important for growing, developing and health keeping of infants. Therefore the aim of this research is to evaluate the complementary food prepared mainly from cereals for feeding infants aged from 4-6 months.
In this study 20 waning male Abino Swiss rats (aged 21-23 days) were used. The animals were divided into four groups each group consisting of 5 animals. Group l was a control that was feeding a standard diet containing 10% casein.
Groups 2-4 were feeding the same diet containing protein from different sources as follow : rice cerellac, wheat/date cerelac, and wheat supplemented with soy a protein isolate and fruits/vegetables cerelac respectively for 28 days.
During period of experiments the morphological changes and bioactivity of animals were noticed. After the experiment period protein efficiency ratio "PER" was estimated finally the animals were sacrificied and the
internal organs (Liver, heat, kidney, brain, lungs and spleen) were weighed and the hematological properties,of blood (WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC and PLT) were also estimated we noticed change of hair appearance and decrease its intensity a round head and ears of animals group 2 (rice cerellac) only. The results indicated that group 4 (wheat protein and fruit/vege. Cerellac) heat the highest PER (3.67) value and group 3 (wheat/date cerellac) had the lowest PER value (2.16) while PER group 2 was about similar to PER of control group (2.5, 2.54). Considering percentage of internal organs, group 2 reported decreasing of liver, kidney and lungs whereas group 3 reported increasing of heart and lungs comparing with control groups. All hematological properties of all experimental groups 2-4) were lower than control groups.
Generally and according the obtained results the best formula was that containing wheat and supplemented with protein, vegetable and fruit.
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
1110-0176
29
v.
January-March
no.
2008
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https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158597_7e7f033b7259071b4d6066846d5a4074.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2008.158597
Awareness and Behaviour Practices for Autistic Children’s Mothers and Their Relationship to Autism Disorder and Child’s Social Skills in Alexandria
Youssria
Ragab Anwer
author
Laila
Ibrahim El Khodary
author
Doaa
Fouad Ahmed
author
text
article
2008
eng
This study has been conducted to investigate the awareness and behaviour practices for autistic children’s mothers and their relationship to autism disorder and child’s social skills.
Samples of 100 mothers were chosen randomly to do this experiment. Interviewing these mothers has been used as a way to collect information related to this research.
Studies have revealed the following results:
As for directly the mothers according to their level of awareness of autism it was seen that 68% of them have moderate awareness.32% have this specialized awareness. As for behaviour practices it was clear that 36 % of the mothers meant by the research follow scientific ways to modify the wrong behaviours of their children permanently. 33% of them fellow these ways
moderately 31 % rarely follow them. It was found that most of the mothers were highly satisfied with that disorder of their children.
As for measuring the level of autism it was clear that 48% of the children are highly autistics, 34% of them are moderately autistic and 18% of them have same mild features of autism.
As for the social skills we found that (24%) of the children have a high level, (51%) have a moderate level and (25%) of them have a low level of social skills
The results of this study showed that a significant correlation was observed between some of social economic factors and awareness, behaviour practices, autism disorder and child’s social skills.
A significant correlation was found between social skills, autism disorder and behaviour practices of mothers at 0.01 level of significance.
Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
1110-0176
29
v.
January-March
no.
2008
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https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158598_d1a4e36cf5345cebd826da5fec4f6f8f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2008.158598
Production Cost of Dates and Dates Products Packing Industry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Khalid
N. AL-Rwis
author
text
article
2008
eng
The objective of this paper is to examine the spatial distribution Patterns of labor and invested Capital in the dates and dates Packing industry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Moreover, to analyze the Production Costs structure, Estimate the cost function and to compute the optimum production level that maximizes profits.
The results of the study can be summarized as:
1- The Dates packing Plants are namely located in seven regions: Riyadh, Madenah, Eastern region, Qasseim, Makkah, Aseer and Tabuk.
2- The cost of raw materials represent about 60.13% of the total Packing Costs, where direct costs pertaining to this activity represent 30.9%, while administrative and general costs stand for only 8.97%.
3 -The optimum production level is estimated at 94.14 tons. This implies that the minimum price at this level reaches a round 9.79 thousand Riyals per ton.
4- The production cost elasticity was estimated as 1.22, which implies that the industry is subject to diminishing returns.
5- Profit maximizing output is estimated as 125 tons. Whereas, Production elasticity at that level is estimated as 1.02, which means that the production is in the economic stage (second stage).
6- The study recommends further studies to explore the marketing desires of consumers and marketing problems, particularly in the markets of the Gulf Cooperation Council, the United States and European countries, China, India and some other countries to increase the export of dates to these countries, in addition to the redistribution of economic resources used in the industry to mobilize and products including dates lead to reduced production costs of dates and thereby increase the capacity of factories to compete in the domestic and international markets.
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Alexandria Science Exchange Journal
Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture. A. M. Balba Group for Soil and Water Research
1110-0176
29
v.
January-March
no.
2008
77
84
https://asejaiqjsae.journals.ekb.eg/article_158599_184c71422a3fce4b657c80798fc1ebe8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/asejaiqjsae.2008.158599